Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
emotionality, perfectionism, zvysena citlivost, nadani, perfekcionismus, giftedness, intense sensitivity, parenting style. emocionalita, sociability, sociabilita, styl rodinne vychovy.Keywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
151.
Rašíková, Pavlína
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Pre-school and After-school Education / Pre-school Teacher Training
Bachelor's thesis defence: Školní zralost a připravenost potenciálně nadaného dítěte | Theses on a related topic![Display description Display description](/pics/design/14/z/ico/navodek-plus.png)
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Pre-school and After-school Education / Pre-school Teacher Training
Bachelor's thesis defence: Školní zralost a připravenost potenciálně nadaného dítěte | Theses on a related topic
![Display description Display description](/pics/design/14/z/ico/navodek-plus.png)
152.
Rennerová, Lenka maiden name: Nehodová
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Social Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sociální interakce dítěte s Aspergerovým syndromem a výjimečným nadáním z pohledu matky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Social Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sociální interakce dítěte s Aspergerovým syndromem a výjimečným nadáním z pohledu matky | Theses on a related topic
153.
Richterová, Eva maiden name: Richterová
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Humor dětí mladšího školního věku (se zaměřením na intelektově nadané děti) | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Humor dětí mladšího školního věku (se zaměřením na intelektově nadané děti) | Theses on a related topic
154.
Sedlářová, Romana
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Translation and Interpreting / German-language Translation
Master's thesis defence: Lexikalische und phraseologische Mittel der Emotionalität und Expressivität am Beispiel des Romans „Adler und Engel“ von Juli Zeh und seiner tschechischen Übersetzung „Orli a andělé“ | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Translation and Interpreting / German-language Translation
Master's thesis defence: Lexikalische und phraseologische Mittel der Emotionalität und Expressivität am Beispiel des Romans „Adler und Engel“ von Juli Zeh und seiner tschechischen Übersetzung „Orli a andělé“ | Theses on a related topic
155.
Seničev, Valerij Valerjevič
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Psychology / Gender Studies, Psychology
Bachelor's thesis defence: Nadání a tvořivost: profil tvořivosti u gymnazistů s dyslexií a bez ní | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Psychology / Gender Studies, Psychology
Bachelor's thesis defence: Nadání a tvořivost: profil tvořivosti u gymnazistů s dyslexií a bez ní | Theses on a related topic
156.
Sisrová, Monika
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Vývojová psychopatologie u intelektově nadaných adolescentů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Vývojová psychopatologie u intelektově nadaných adolescentů | Theses on a related topic
157.
Slavkovská, Lea
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Osobnostné a pracovné aspekty ako prediktory syndrómu vyhorenia u učiteľov | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Osobnostné a pracovné aspekty ako prediktory syndrómu vyhorenia u učiteľov | Theses on a related topic
158.
Smutná, Klára
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education (Specialization 3 - Behavioral Disorders)
Master's thesis defence: Úskalí vzdělávání žáků s dvojí výjimečností z pohledu speciálních pedagogů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education (Specialization 3 - Behavioral Disorders)
Master's thesis defence: Úskalí vzdělávání žáků s dvojí výjimečností z pohledu speciálních pedagogů | Theses on a related topic
159.
Stejskalová, Eva
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Mathematics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Technical Education
Master's thesis defence: Péče o žáky se specifickými vzdělávacími potřebami v matematice | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Mathematics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Technical Education
Master's thesis defence: Péče o žáky se specifickými vzdělávacími potřebami v matematice | Theses on a related topic
160.
Stopková, Karolína
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Perfekcionismus ve vztahu k vybraným kognitivním funkcím | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Perfekcionismus ve vztahu k vybraným kognitivním funkcím | Theses on a related topic
161.
Straka, Ondřej
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Ph.D.
Programme/field: Psychology / Educational Psychology
Doctoral thesis defence: Metakognice u intelektově nadaných dětí | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Ph.D.
Programme/field: Psychology / Educational Psychology
Doctoral thesis defence: Metakognice u intelektově nadaných dětí | Theses on a related topic
162.
Suchánková, Kateřina
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Art, Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Special Education
Master's thesis defence: Dnové (vliv výtvarné tvorby na rozšiřování sociálních zkušeností u žáků s lehkým mentálním postižením) | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Art, Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Special Education
Master's thesis defence: Dnové (vliv výtvarné tvorby na rozšiřování sociálních zkušeností u žáků s lehkým mentálním postižením) | Theses on a related topic
163.
Svobodová, Anna
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in English Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Geography
Bachelor's thesis defence: Práce učitelů s nadanými žáky na ZŠ | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in English Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Geography
Bachelor's thesis defence: Práce učitelů s nadanými žáky na ZŠ | Theses on a related topic
164.
Svobodová, Anna
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School English Language Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Vhodné postupy vzdělávání nadaných žáků na základní škole a nižším stupni gymnázia | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School English Language Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Vhodné postupy vzdělávání nadaných žáků na základní škole a nižším stupni gymnázia | Theses on a related topic
165.
Sýkorová, Iva maiden name: Sobotková
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Teacher Training of Specialized Subjects for Secondary Schools
Master's thesis defence: Spolupráce základních škol se středními školami o zachování učebních oborů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Teacher Training of Specialized Subjects for Secondary Schools
Master's thesis defence: Spolupráce základních škol se středními školami o zachování učebních oborů | Theses on a related topic
166.
Šebestová, Michaela
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Postoj učitelů k problematice nadání | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Postoj učitelů k problematice nadání | Theses on a related topic
167.
Šertlerová, Kateřina
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Individuální péče v hodinách matematiky na 1. stupni ZŠ a OŠ - talentovaný žák | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Individuální péče v hodinách matematiky na 1. stupni ZŠ a OŠ - talentovaný žák | Theses on a related topic
168.
Šimíková, Mariana
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Informační chování mimořádně nadaných dětí v pregramotném období | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Informační chování mimořádně nadaných dětí v pregramotném období | Theses on a related topic
169.
Štefková, Martina
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Sociální inteligence, sociální kompetence, sociální dovednosti a komunikace u lidí s různými formami disociálního chování v societách dospělých osob | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Sociální inteligence, sociální kompetence, sociální dovednosti a komunikace u lidí s různými formami disociálního chování v societách dospělých osob | Theses on a related topic
170.
Štrimpflová, Pavla
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Naplňování vzdělávacích potřeb nadaných žáků v současné edukační praxi | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Naplňování vzdělávacích potřeb nadaných žáků v současné edukační praxi | Theses on a related topic
171.
Šturalová, Petra
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Secondary School Teacher Training in Arts, Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Special Education
Master's thesis defence: Nadaný žák základní nebo střední školy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Secondary Schools / Secondary School Teacher Training in Arts, Upper Secondary School Teacher Training in Special Education
Master's thesis defence: Nadaný žák základní nebo střední školy | Theses on a related topic
172.
Šujanová, Veronika
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Civics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Czech Language and Literature
Bachelor's thesis defence: Potřeba výkonu u dětí se specifickými poruchami učení | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Civics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Czech Language and Literature
Bachelor's thesis defence: Potřeba výkonu u dětí se specifickými poruchami učení | Theses on a related topic
173.
Tkadlecová, Monika
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in German Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in History
Bachelor's thesis defence: Nadané dítě na druhém stupni základní školy - jeho vzdělávání a výchova | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in German Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in History
Bachelor's thesis defence: Nadané dítě na druhém stupni základní školy - jeho vzdělávání a výchova | Theses on a related topic
174.
Tkadlecová, Monika
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in German Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in History
Master's thesis defence: Nadaný student na střední škole | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in German Language and Literature, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in History
Master's thesis defence: Nadaný student na střední škole | Theses on a related topic
175.
Toman, Matyáš
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Civics and Basics of Social Studies for Education / Civics and Basics of Social Studies for Education, Geography for Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza multimediálních testů Zeměpisné olympiády z let 2021, 2022 a 2023 | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Civics and Basics of Social Studies for Education / Civics and Basics of Social Studies for Education, Geography for Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza multimediálních testů Zeměpisné olympiády z let 2021, 2022 a 2023 | Theses on a related topic
176.
Tomaštík, Ján
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ph.D.
Programme/field: Political Science / Political Science
Doctoral thesis defence: The Problem of the Moral Neutrality of Liberal Democracy: A Natural Law Response to Neutralism and Liberal Perfectionism | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ph.D.
Programme/field: Political Science / Political Science
Doctoral thesis defence: The Problem of the Moral Neutrality of Liberal Democracy: A Natural Law Response to Neutralism and Liberal Perfectionism | Theses on a related topic
177.
Urbánková, Eva
Faculty: Faculty of Sports Studies
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Physical Education and Sport / Regeneration and Nutrition in Sport
Bachelor's thesis defence: Identifikace a selekce talentů v atletických bězích (se zaměřením na regeneraci) | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Sports Studies
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Physical Education and Sport / Regeneration and Nutrition in Sport
Bachelor's thesis defence: Identifikace a selekce talentů v atletických bězích (se zaměřením na regeneraci) | Theses on a related topic
178.
Urmanová, Jana
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Formování kompenzačních strategií rozumově nadaných studentů s dyslexií | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Formování kompenzačních strategií rozumově nadaných studentů s dyslexií | Theses on a related topic
179.
Vančurová, Markéta
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Nadaní žáci a výuka matematiky na základní škole | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary Schools / Primary School Teacher Training
Master's thesis defence: Nadaní žáci a výuka matematiky na základní škole | Theses on a related topic
180.
Vaňková, Helena
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Základní faktory determinující postoj učitelů ke vzdělávání rozumově nadaných žáků | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Základní faktory determinující postoj učitelů ke vzdělávání rozumově nadaných žáků | Theses on a related topic
181.
Vlachová, Jana
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podpora a rozvoj nadání u žáků romského etnika. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Special Education / Special Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podpora a rozvoj nadání u žáků romského etnika. | Theses on a related topic
182.
Vlčková, Iva
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Philology / German Language and Literature
Master's thesis defence: Emotionalität und expressive sprachliche Mittel in den publizistischen Texten | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Philology / German Language and Literature
Master's thesis defence: Emotionalität und expressive sprachliche Mittel in den publizistischen Texten | Theses on a related topic
183.
Vojtišková, Michaela
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Schopnost předškolních dětí rozlišovat mezi fantazií a realitou u emočně zabarvených situací | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Social Studies
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Schopnost předškolních dětí rozlišovat mezi fantazií a realitou u emočně zabarvených situací | Theses on a related topic
184.
Vondrka, Tomáš
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Teacher Training in Foreign Languages - English Language
Bachelor's thesis defence: Praktická připravenost a funkčnost výchovně vzdělávacího systému pro práci s nadanými žáky na prvním stupni základní školy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Teacher Training in Foreign Languages - English Language
Bachelor's thesis defence: Praktická připravenost a funkčnost výchovně vzdělávacího systému pro práci s nadanými žáky na prvním stupni základní školy | Theses on a related topic
185.
Vondrka, Tomáš
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School and Language School Teacher Training in English Language
Master's thesis defence: Styly učení nadaných žáků na základní škole | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Teacher Training for Primary and Lower Secondary Schools / Lower Secondary School and Language School Teacher Training in English Language
Master's thesis defence: Styly učení nadaných žáků na základní škole | Theses on a related topic
186.
Wolfová, Veronika
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza školního vzdělávacího programu na ZŠ se zaměřením na skupinovou výuku nadaných | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Znakování v procesu komunikace mezi matkou a dítětem | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Education
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza školního vzdělávacího programu na ZŠ se zaměřením na skupinovou výuku nadaných | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Znakování v procesu komunikace mezi matkou a dítětem | Theses on a related topic
187.
Wurst, Jan
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Civics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Geography
Bachelor's thesis defence: Osobnost učitele nadaného žáka. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Education
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Education / Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Civics, Lower Secondary School Teacher Training in Geography
Bachelor's thesis defence: Osobnost učitele nadaného žáka. | Theses on a related topic
188.
Záveská, Gabriela maiden name: Urbanová
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Social Education and Counselling
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podpora nadaných žáků při vzdělávání | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Education / Social Education and Counselling
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podpora nadaných žáků při vzdělávání | Theses on a related topic
189.
Zouharová, Jana
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Kognitivní profil rozumově nadaných dětí s dyslexií | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Faculty of Arts
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Psychology / Psychology
Master's thesis defence: Kognitivní profil rozumově nadaných dětí s dyslexií | Theses on a related topic