PHBL2 Logic II

Faculty of Arts
Spring 2025

The course is not taught in Spring 2025

Extent and Intensity
1/1/0. 5 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. PhDr. BcA. Jiří Raclavský, Ph.D. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. PhDr. BcA. Jiří Raclavský, Ph.D.
Department of Philosophy – Faculty of Arts
Supplier department: Department of Philosophy – Faculty of Arts
Prerequisites
passing Logic I or similar course
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
(1) Acquiring the essential notions of formal logic, in particular, (classical) quantified (1st-order, predicate) logic, see Course Contents for details.
(2) Most of the course is an application of (selected parts of) mathematical logic on natural language, i.e. on everyday rational reasoning.
(3) Some lectures focus on theory (e.g. syntax/semantics of quantified logic, paradoxes), and some lectures focus on solutions to practical problems (e.g. equivalences/negations of propositions/formulas, arguments checking, natural deduction).
(4) The course provides minimal fundaments for the following parts of philosophy: non-classical/philosophical logic, philosophy of language/computing/AI/logic/mathematics etc., formal epistemology, formal ontology, formal ethics.
Learning outcomes
(1) Acquiring the essential notions of formal logic, in particular, (classical) quantified logic, see Course Contents for details.
(2) Increasing logical reasoning and critical thinking.
(3) Acquiring skills in the representation of knowledge (natural language processing) and reasoning in the sense of AI, computer science, formal semantics, analytic philosophy etc.
(4) Exercising analytical and algorithmic thinking, both on natural and formal examples.
(5) Acquiring deeper knowledge about logic as a science and its application.
Syllabus
  • The course in mostly an introduction to (1st-order) quantified logic (FOL):
  • (1) Informal introduction, Predication, quantification.
  • (2) Formal language.
  • (3) Selected logical truths. Square of opposition (negations, equivalences).
  • (4) Syllogistics. Validity checking using Venn diagrams.
  • (5) FOL with identity and descriptions.
  • (6) Logical consequence. Interpretation of formulas.
  • (7) Axiomatisation of formalized theories. Their properties, in/completeness theorems.
  • (8) Higher-order logics, logics of classes/relations.
  • (9) Natural deduction for FOL.
  • (10) Arguments checking by semantic counter-examples.
  • (11) Logic and computers.
  • (12) Semantic tableaux for FOL.
Teaching methods
Classes containing exercises. E-learning with regular homeworks. Numerous study materials: PDF presentations, videos, texts and quizzes.
Assessment methods
(1) REGULAR HOMEWORKS = condition required before the exam. During the semester, at least 80 % of regular e-tests (every week 1-2) must be completed (each e-test must receive at least 80 % of points).
(2) FINAL EXAM. An e-test via computer. The questions are similar to those from homeworks. (For few, the exam is not required; they successfully pass if filling the homeworks.) For A mark approx. 80 % of questions must be correctly answered.
(3) BONUS (non-obligatory surplus activity): increasing received e-test mark by 1 degree (e.g. from D to C) for each of (a)-(c) (cumulative increasing is possible). (a) Attendance to classes, (b) activities in classes (answering topic-related questions), (c) answering questions on selected texts (by analytic philosophers) studied at home. For minimum points, see the Czech version above. Points from activities are recorded in IS during the semester.
Language of instruction
Czech
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
General note: Studentům kombinovaného studijního programu je doporučeno zapsat si současně předmět PHV244 Logika II: otázky a odpovědi.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: kombinovaná forma: 16 hodin/semestr.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
Teacher's information
http://www.phil.muni.cz/~raclavsky/logika/
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2020, Spring 2021, Spring 2022, Spring 2023, Spring 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2025, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/phil/spring2025/PHBL2