aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2023
Extent and Intensity
3/0/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Taught in person.
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (assistant)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable
Mon 18. 9. to Fri 6. 10. Wed 12:00–12:50 B11/114, Mon 16. 10. to Fri 27. 10. Wed 12:00–12:50 B11/114, Mon 30. 10. to Fri 22. 12. Tue 12:00–13:50 B22/116 aula, Mon 6. 11. to Fri 22. 12. Wed 12:00–12:50 B11/114, Mon 18. 9. to Fri 20. 10. Tue 12:00–13:50 B22/116 aula; and Wed 11. 10. 12:00–12:50 B11/334, Tue 24. 10. 12:00–13:50 Kinosál N02901, Wed 1. 11. 12:00–12:50 B11/234
Prerequisites (in Czech)
aVLBI0222p Medical Biology II - lect. && aVLBF011p Biophysics -lect.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course is to gain knowledge about the basic metabolic processes and pathways taking place at the cellular level.
Understanding these processes is the basis for understanding metabolism at the tissue and organ level, which is the focus of the follow-up course Biochemistry II.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will:
  • understand the meaning of basic chemical concepts and can apply this knowledge to describe biochemical processes in the body and the properties of body fluids.
    - discuss the properties and function of enzymes.
    - describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism and their relationships.
    - understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    - explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level, and the transport processes on the membrane.
    - describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications.
    - understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    - explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    - discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    • Syllabus
    • Electrolytes, ion activity. Weak acids/bases. Buffers. Bioenergetics, Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds. Redox reaction.
    • Enzymes. Characteristic features of biocatalysis. Cofactors.
    • Metabolism of nutrients. Citrate cycle. Respiratory chain. Oxidative phosphorylation.
    • Carbohydrates in nutrition. Carbohydrate digestion. Basic features of glucose metabolism. Glucose transport into cells. Glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis.
    • Glycogen. Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. The pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
    • Lipids and fatty acids. Surfactants. Lipophilic vitamins. Lipids in nutrition. Lipid digestion. Fatty acid metabolism. PUFA synthesis. Metabolism of ketone bodies.
    • Metabolism of triacylglycerols, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids. Lipid peroxidation. Biosynthesis and importance of eicosanoids.
    • Metabolism of cholesterol, bile acids. Biosynthesis of calciols.
    • Amino acids. Peptides. Structure of proteins, myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins. Hemoglobin, myoglobin. Hemoglobinopathies.
    • Digestion and intracellular degradation of proteins. General features in catabolism of amino acids. Ammonia metabolism and toxicity.
    • Catabolism of amino acids, congenital disorders of amino acid metabolism. Synthesis of non-essential amino acids.
    • Conversions of amino acids into low molecular weight products. Heme synthesis, porphyria.
    • Metabolism of purine/pyrimidine nucleotides.
    • Structure of DNA, RNA. Replication and corrections. Transcription and its regulation, post-transcriptional modifications.
    • Protein synthesis. Folding, transport and sorting of proteins in the cell. Post-translational modification.
    • Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY and P. Anthony WEIL. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. Thirty-first edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018, x, 789. ISBN 9781260288421. info
      recommended literature
    • Essentials of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry (Ed. Dostál J.). Download: https://portal.med.muni.cz/article-623-essentials-of-medical-chemistry-and-biochemistry.html
    • LIEBERMAN, Michael and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
    • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    Teaching methods
    Lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Students pass to continuing education in the next (spring) semester without their knowledge being verified in the current (autumn) semester.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    autumn 2022
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Taught in person.
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (assistant)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Bc. Ivana Ševčíková (assistant)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Tue 12:00–13:50 B22/116 aula, Thu 16:00–16:50 B11/114
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBI0222p Medical Biology II - lect. && aVLBF011p Biophysics -lect.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding these processes is a base for comprehension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for an understanding of body structure physico-chemical processes occurring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survey of biologically important elements, water, electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    At the end of the course students will:
    - understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    - describe the role of macro-and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    - discuss the properties and function of enzymes
    - describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    - understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    - explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    - describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications.
    - understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    - explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    - discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of the human body, biogenic elements. Water (properties, distribution), electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmolality.
    • Acid-base reactions, pH, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
    • Bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds, chemical equilibrium). Introduction to metabolism.
    • Redox reactions (redox potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems).
    • Enzymes (classes, nomenclature). Characteristic features, enzyme kinetics, inhibition.
    • Cofactors (overview, functions, relation to vitamins).
    • Three phases of catabolism, citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
    • Saccharides (structures), saccharides in nutrition, digestion.
    • Metabolism of glucose, transport of glucose into cells, glycolysis (aerobic, anaerobic). Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Gluconeogenesis.
    • Glycogen (synthesis, catabolism).
    • Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. Pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
    • Lipids and fatty acids (classification, structure). Lipids in nutrition. Lipophilic vitamins.
    • Digestion of lipids, surfactants. Fatty acids (structure, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Triacylglycerols (synthesis and degradation). Ketone bodies (synthesis, catabolism), phospholipids (structural types, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Lipid peroxidation (reactions, products, antioxidants).Eicosanoids (main features of synthesis). Cholesterol (structure, synthesis, regulation, conversions).
    • Bile acids (structure, synthesis, conversions). Calciols (structure, synthesis, conversions).
    • Amino acids (structure, properties). Peptides. Proteins (structure, folding, properties, structure of myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins).
    • Hemoglobin, myoglobin (structure, functions, Bohr effect), hemoglobinopathies.
    • Digestion of proteins, intracellular degradation of proteins.
    • General features in the metabolism of amino acids. Ammonia – sources, transport forms, detoxication.
    • Catabolism of individual amino acids. Congenital disorders of amino acids metabolism.
    • Synthesis of non-essential amino acids.
    • Conversions of amino acids to specialized products (synthesis of biogenic amines, creatine, NO, melanin, iodothyronines, carnosine).
    • Synthesis of heme, porfyrias.
    • Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, uric acid. Synthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine bases, synthesis of nucleotides.
    • Structure of DNA, replication, repairs.
    • Structure of RNA, transcription and its regulation, processing.
    • Synthesis of proteins, folding. Transport and sorting of proteins, post-translational modifications.
    • Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY and P. Anthony WEIL. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. Thirty-first edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018, x, 789. ISBN 9781260288421. info
      recommended literature
    • LIEBERMAN, Michael and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
    • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    • RONNER, Peter. Netter's Essential Biochemistry. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018, 482 pp. ISBN 978-1-929007-63-9. info
    Teaching methods
    Lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Students pass to continuing education in next semester without any duty of knowledge checking in this semester.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    Information on completion of the course: successful completion of the course is conditioned by obtaining a credit of the course aVLBC0321s.
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    autumn 2021
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Taught in person.
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (assistant)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Bc. Ivana Ševčíková (assistant)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Mon 8:00–9:50 B11/114, Wed 15:00–15:50 B11/114
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBI0222p Medical Biology II - lect. && aVLBF011p Biophysics -lect.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding these processes is a base for comprehension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for an understanding of body structure physico-chemical processes occurring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survey of biologically important elements, water, electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    At the end of the course students will:
    - understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    - describe the role of macro-and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    - discuss the properties and function of enzymes
    - describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    - understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    - explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    - describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications.
    - understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    - explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    - discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of the human body, biogenic elements. Water (properties, distribution), electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmolality.
    • Acid-base reactions, pH, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
    • Bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds, chemical equilibrium). Introduction to metabolism.
    • Redox reactions (redox potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems).
    • Enzymes (classes, nomenclature). Characteristic features, enzyme kinetics, inhibition.
    • Cofactors (overview, functions, relation to vitamins).
    • Three phases of catabolism, citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
    • Saccharides (structures), saccharides in nutrition, digestion.
    • Metabolism of glucose, transport of glucose into cells, glycolysis (aerobic, anaerobic). Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Gluconeogenesis.
    • Glycogen (synthesis, catabolism).
    • Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. Pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
    • Lipids and fatty acids (classification, structure). Lipids in nutrition. Lipophilic vitamins.
    • Digestion of lipids, surfactants. Fatty acids (structure, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Triacylglycerols (synthesis and degradation). Ketone bodies (synthesis, catabolism), phospholipids (structural types, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Lipid peroxidation (reactions, products, antioxidants).Eicosanoids (main features of synthesis). Cholesterol (structure, synthesis, regulation, conversions).
    • Bile acids (structure, synthesis, conversions). Calciols (structure, synthesis, conversions).
    • Amino acids (structure, properties). Peptides. Proteins (structure, folding, properties, structure of myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins).
    • Hemoglobin, myoglobin (structure, functions, Bohr effect), hemoglobinopathies.
    • Digestion of proteins, intracellular degradation of proteins.
    • General features in the metabolism of amino acids. Ammonia – sources, transport forms, detoxication.
    • Catabolism of individual amino acids. Congenital disorders of amino acids metabolism.
    • Synthesis of non-essential amino acids.
    • Conversions of amino acids to specialized products (synthesis of biogenic amines, creatine, NO, melanin, iodothyronines, carnosine).
    • Synthesis of heme, porfyrias.
    • Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, uric acid. Synthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine bases, synthesis of nucleotides.
    • Structure of DNA, replication, repairs.
    • Structure of RNA, transcription and its regulation, processing.
    • Synthesis of proteins, folding. Transport and sorting of proteins, post-translational modifications.
    • Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
      recommended literature
    • LIEBERMAN, Michael, Allan D. MARKS and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2013, ix, 1014. ISBN 9781451100037. info
    • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
    • RONNER, Peter. Netter's Essential Biochemistry. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018, 482 pp. ISBN 978-1-929007-63-9. info
    Teaching methods
    Lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Students pass to continuing education in next semester without any duty of knowledge checking in this semester.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    autumn 2020
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Taught online.
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Contact Person: Monika Šudáková
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Mon 8:00–9:50 B11/114, Wed 10:00–10:50 B11/114
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBF011c Biophysics - pract. && aVLBI0222c Medical Biology II - pract.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    In the end of the course will students understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    Describe the role of macro- and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    Discusse the properties and function of enzymes
    Describes basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    Understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    Explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    Describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    Explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    Discusses the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of human body, biogenic elements. Water (properties, distribution), electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmolality.
    • Acid-base reactions, pH, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
    • Bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds, chemical equilibrium). Introduction to metabolism.
    • Redox reactions (redox potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems).
    • Enzymes (classes, nomenclature). Characteristic features, enzyme kinetics, inhibition.
    • Cofactors (overview, functions, relation to vitamins).
    • Three phases of catabolism, citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
    • Saccharides (structures), saccharides in nutrition, digestion.
    • Metabolism of glucose, transport of glucose into cells, glycolysis (aerobic, anaerobic). Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Gluconeogenesis.
    • Glycogen (synthesis, catabolism).
    • Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. Pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
    • Lipids and fatty acids (classification, structure). Lipids in nutrition. Lipophilic vitamins.
    • Digestion of lipids, surfactants. Fatty acids (structure, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Triacylglycerols (synthesis and degradation). Ketone bodies (synthesis, catabolism), phospholipids (structural types, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Lipid peroxidation (reactions, products, antioxidants).Eicosanoids (main features of synthesis). Cholesterol (structure, synthesis, regulation, conversions).
    • Bile acids (structure, synthesis, conversions). Calciols (structure, synthesis, conversions).
    • Amino acids (structure, properties). Peptides. Proteins (structure, folding, properties, structure of myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins).
    • Hemoglobin, myoglobin (structure, functions, Bohr effect), hemoglobinopathies.
    • Digestion of proteins, intracellular degradation of proteins. General features in metabolism of amino acids. Ammonia – sources, transport forms, detoxication.
    • Catabolism of individual amino acids.
    • Synthesis of non-essential amino acids. Congenital disorders of amino acids metabolism. Conversions of amino acids to specialized products I (synthesis of biogenic amines, creatine, melanine, iodo-thyronines).
    • Conversions of amino acids to specialized products II (synthesis of heme, porfyrias).
    • Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, uric acid. Synthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine bases, synthesis of nucleotides.
    • Structure of DNA, replication, repairs.
    • Structure of RNA, transcription and its regulation, processing.
    • Synthesis of proteins, folding.
    • Transport and sorting of proteins, post-translational modifications.
    • Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans.
    Literature
      required literature
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
      recommended literature
    • RONNER, Peter. Netter's Essential Biochemistry. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018, 482 pp. ISBN 978-1-929007-63-9. info
    • LIEBERMAN, Michael, Allan D. MARKS and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2013, ix, 1014. ISBN 9781451100037. info
    • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
    Teaching methods
    Teaching form are lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry and is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    autumn 2019
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Wed 18. 9. to Wed 9. 10. Wed 10:00–10:50 B11/114, Wed 23. 10. to Wed 6. 11. Wed 10:00–10:50 B11/114, Wed 20. 11. to Wed 18. 12. Wed 10:00–10:50 B11/114, Mon 9:00–10:50 B11/114; and Wed 16. 10. 8:00–8:50 B11/234, Wed 13. 11. 10:00–10:50 B11/334
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBF011c Biophysics - pract. && aVLBI0222c Biology II-pract.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    In the end of the course will students understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    Describe the role of macro- and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    Discusse the properties and function of enzymes
    Describes basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    Understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    Explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    Describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    Explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    Discusses the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of human body, biogenic elements. Water (properties, distribution), electrolytes, non-electrolytes, osmolality.
    • Acid-base reactions, pH, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
    • Bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, high-energy compounds, chemical equilibrium). Introduction to metabolism.
    • Redox reactions (redox potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems).
    • Enzymes (classes, nomenclature). Characteristic features, enzyme kinetics, inhibition.
    • Cofactors (overview, functions, relation to vitamins).
    • Three phases of catabolism, citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
    • Saccharides (structures), saccharides in nutrition, digestion.
    • Metabolism of glucose, transport of glucose into cells, glycolysis (aerobic, anaerobic). Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Gluconeogenesis.
    • Glycogen (synthesis, catabolism).
    • Metabolism of fructose, galactose, lactose. Pentose phosphate pathway. Glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans.
    • Lipids and fatty acids (classification, structure). Lipids in nutrition. Lipophilic vitamins.
    • Digestion of lipids, surfactants. Fatty acids (structure, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Triacylglycerols (synthesis and degradation). Ketone bodies (synthesis, catabolism), phospholipids (structural types, synthesis, catabolism).
    • Lipid peroxidation (reactions, products, antioxidants).Eicosanoids (main features of synthesis). Cholesterol (structure, synthesis, regulation, conversions).
    • Bile acids (structure, synthesis, conversions). Calciols (structure, synthesis, conversions).
    • Amino acids (structure, properties). Peptides. Proteins (structure, folding, properties, structure of myosin, collagen, immunoglobulins).
    • Hemoglobin, myoglobin (structure, functions, Bohr effect), hemoglobinopathies.
    • Digestion of proteins, intracellular degradation of proteins. General features in metabolism of amino acids. Ammonia – sources, transport forms, detoxication.
    • Catabolism of individual amino acids.
    • Synthesis of non-essential amino acids. Congenital disorders of amino acids metabolism. Conversions of amino acids to specialized products I (synthesis of biogenic amines, creatine, melanine, iodo-thyronines).
    • Conversions of amino acids to specialized products II (synthesis of heme, porfyrias).
    • Structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, uric acid. Synthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine bases, synthesis of nucleotides.
    • Structure of DNA, replication, repairs.
    • Structure of RNA, transcription and its regulation, processing.
    • Synthesis of proteins, folding.
    • Transport and sorting of proteins, post-translational modifications.
    • Biosynthesis of collagen, elastin, proteoglycans.
    Literature
      required literature
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
    • Lecture files including lectures notes available in IS
      recommended literature
    • RONNER, Peter. Netter's Essential Biochemistry. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2018, 482 pp. ISBN 978-1-929007-63-9. info
    • LIEBERMAN, Michael, Allan D. MARKS and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 4th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2013, ix, 1014. ISBN 9781451100037. info
    • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
    Teaching methods
    Teaching form are lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry and is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    autumn 2018
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Tue 14:00–15:50 B22/116 aula, Wed 10:00–10:50 B11/334
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBF011c Biophysics - pract. && aVLBI0222c Biology II - pract.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    In the end of the course will students understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    Describe the role of macro- and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    Discusse the properties and function of enzymes
    Describes basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    Understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    Explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    Describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    Explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    Discusses the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of human body, survay of biochemically important elements, ROS. Water (properties, distribution), elektrolytes, nonelektrolytes, osmotic pressure, osmolality, osmolarity. Acid-base processes (pH, values of pH in organism). Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch eqution. Introduction to metabolism. Bases of bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, makroergnic compounds and their formation, chemical equilibrium and stady state). Redox equilibrium (elektrode potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems). Membrane structure, the assembly and recycling of membranes. Specialized structures of plasma membrane – lipid rafts, caveols, tight junctions. membrane transport. Enzymes. Characteristic features of biocatalysis, enzyme structure and function, nomenclature and classification of enzymes. Enzyme cofactors, review of structures and functions. Mechanisms of enzyme action. Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Assays of enzyme activity, the conditions used. Factors affecting catalytic activity of enzymes, types of enzyme inhibition. Metabolism: basic concepts and design. Biological oxidations, generation of high-energy compounds. Saccharide metabolism: the glycolytic pathway and aerobic decarboxylation of pyruvate. Gluconeogenesis. Glycogen biosynthesis and breakdown. The pentose phosphate pathway. The glucuronate pathway. Interconversions of monosaccharides and of their derivatives. Protein and amino acid metabolism. The common reactions in amino acid degradation. The ureosynthetic cycle. Metabolic breakdown of individual amino acids. Biosynthesis and breakdown of fatty acids, ketogenesis. Synthesis of triacylglycerols. Metabolism of phospholipids and glycolipids. Synthesis of eicosanoids. Biosynthesis and transformations of cholesterol, biosynthesis of bile acids. Interrelationships among the major pathways involved in energy metabolism. The citric acid cycle. Synthesis of haem. Mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation - mitochondrial electron transport chain, synthesis of ATP. Structure of haemoglobin, structure-function relationships (the oxygen saturation curve, inducement of haemoglobin saturation and oxygen transport. Bohr effect. Normal haemoglobin types in blood, haemoglobin concentration. Other forms (glycohaemoglobin, methaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin) and abnormal haemoglobins. Biosynthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Chromatin, DNA replication. DNA transcription. Regulation of gene expression. Protein synthesis and post-translational processing.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    Teaching methods
    Teaching form are lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry and is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
    The course is taught annually.
    Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 45.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    Autumn 2017
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    Guaranteed by
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Tue 13:30–15:20 B11/334, Wed 10:10–11:00 B11/234
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBF011c Biophysics - pract. && aVLBI0222c Biology II - pract.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemical pathways in cells.
    Learning outcomes
    In the end of the course will students understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
    Describe the role of macro- and microbiogenic elements in the organism
    Discusse the properties and function of enzymes
    Describes basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and their relationships.
    Understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
    Explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level and the transport processes on the membrane.
    Describe protein synthesis, starting with the replication and transcription, translation and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
    Explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
    Discusses the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of human body, survay of biochemically important elements, ROS. Water (properties, distribution), elektrolytes, nonelektrolytes, osmotic pressure, osmolality, osmolarity. Acid-base processes (pH, values of pH in organism). Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch eqution. Introduction to metabolism. Bases of bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, makroergnic compounds and their formation, chemical equilibrium and stady state). Redox equilibrium (elektrode potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems). Membrane structure, the assembly and recycling of membranes. Specialized structures of plasma membrane – lipid rafts, caveols, tight junctions. membrane transport. Enzymes. Characteristic features of biocatalysis, enzyme structure and function, nomenclature and classification of enzymes. Enzyme cofactors, review of structures and functions. Mechanisms of enzyme action. Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Assays of enzyme activity, the conditions used. Factors affecting catalytic activity of enzymes, types of enzyme inhibition. Metabolism: basic concepts and design. Biological oxidations, generation of high-energy compounds. Saccharide metabolism: the glycolytic pathway and aerobic decarboxylation of pyruvate. Gluconeogenesis. Glycogen biosynthesis and breakdown. The pentose phosphate pathway. The glucuronate pathway. Interconversions of monosaccharides and of their derivatives. Protein and amino acid metabolism. The common reactions in amino acid degradation. The ureosynthetic cycle. Metabolic breakdown of individual amino acids. Biosynthesis and breakdown of fatty acids, ketogenesis. Synthesis of triacylglycerols. Metabolism of phospholipids and glycolipids. Synthesis of eicosanoids. Biosynthesis and transformations of cholesterol, biosynthesis of bile acids. Interrelationships among the major pathways involved in energy metabolism. The citric acid cycle. Synthesis of haem. Mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation - mitochondrial electron transport chain, synthesis of ATP. Structure of haemoglobin, structure-function relationships (the oxygen saturation curve, inducement of haemoglobin saturation and oxygen transport. Bohr effect. Normal haemoglobin types in blood, haemoglobin concentration. Other forms (glycohaemoglobin, methaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin) and abnormal haemoglobins. Biosynthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Chromatin, DNA replication. DNA transcription. Regulation of gene expression. Protein synthesis and post-translational processing.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    Teaching methods
    Teaching form are lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry and is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further Comments
    The course is taught annually.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.

    aVLBC0321p Biochemistry I - lecture

    Faculty of Medicine
    Autumn 2016
    Extent and Intensity
    3/0/0. 0 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
    Teacher(s)
    doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (lecturer)
    MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (lecturer)
    doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (lecturer)
    Mgr. Anna Pleskačová, Ph.D. (assistant)
    Guaranteed by
    prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc.
    Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
    Timetable
    Tue 13:30–15:20 B11/334, Wed 10:10–11:00 B11/234
    Prerequisites (in Czech)
    aVLBF011c Biophysics - pract. && aVLBI0222c Biology II - pract.
    Course Enrolment Limitations
    The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
    fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
    Course objectives
    The aim of the course is to obtain knowledge on essential metabolic processes on the cell level. Understanding of these proceses is a base for comprihension of metabolism on the tissue and organ level. In the introductory lessons are summarized basic terms from chemistry needed for understanding of body structure a physico-chemical processes occuring in it ((chemical composition of the body, survay of biologically important elements,water, elektrolytes, non-elektrolytes, osmotic pressure, acid-base, redox and precipitation reactions), the following lectures are focused on biochemichal pathways in cells. The graduate is acquainted with principles of acid-base, precipitation and redox reactions, role of macro- and micro elements in the body, properties and function of enzymes, is oriented in catabolic and anabolic pathways of metabolism of saccharides, lipids and proteins and their consequences.Understands the principles of cell bioenegetics.Become familiar with the funcion of cell membranes, principle of cell compartmentation and membrane transport.Has knowledge on proteosynthesis including processes replication,transcription, translation and posttranslantion modifications.Understands the relation between the structure and function of proteins. Is acquinted with function of hemoglobine in oxygen transport.Molecular bases of some diseases are introduced. The course provides the essential knowledge for future understanding of metabolism on organe and inter-organe level and its disturbances.
    Syllabus
    • Chemical composition of human body, survay of biochemically important elements, ROS. Water (properties, distribution), elektrolytes, nonelektrolytes, osmotic pressure, osmolality, osmolarity. Acid-base processes (pH, values of pH in organism). Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch eqution. Introduction to metabolism. Bases of bioenergetics (Gibbs energy, makroergnic compounds and their formation, chemical equilibrium and stady state). Redox equilibrium (elektrode potential, Nernst-Peters equation, biological redox systems). Membrane structure, the assembly and recycling of membranes. Specialized structures of plasma membrane – lipid rafts, caveols, tight junctions. membrane transport. Enzymes. Characteristic features of biocatalysis, enzyme structure and function, nomenclature and classification of enzymes. Enzyme cofactors, review of structures and functions. Mechanisms of enzyme action. Kinetics of enzyme catalyzed reactions. Assays of enzyme activity, the conditions used. Factors affecting catalytic activity of enzymes, types of enzyme inhibition. Metabolism: basic concepts and design. Biological oxidations, generation of high-energy compounds. Saccharide metabolism: the glycolytic pathway and aerobic decarboxylation of pyruvate. Gluconeogenesis. Glycogen biosynthesis and breakdown. The pentose phosphate pathway. The glucuronate pathway. Interconversions of monosaccharides and of their derivatives. Protein and amino acid metabolism. The common reactions in amino acid degradation. The ureosynthetic cycle. Metabolic breakdown of individual amino acids. Biosynthesis and breakdown of fatty acids, ketogenesis. Synthesis of triacylglycerols. Metabolism of phospholipids and glycolipids. Synthesis of eicosanoids. Biosynthesis and transformations of cholesterol, biosynthesis of bile acids. Interrelationships among the major pathways involved in energy metabolism. The citric acid cycle. Synthesis of haem. Mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation - mitochondrial electron transport chain, synthesis of ATP. Structure of haemoglobin, structure-function relationships (the oxygen saturation curve, inducement of haemoglobin saturation and oxygen transport. Bohr effect. Normal haemoglobin types in blood, haemoglobin concentration. Other forms (glycohaemoglobin, methaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin) and abnormal haemoglobins. Biosynthesis and catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Chromatin, DNA replication. DNA transcription. Regulation of gene expression. Protein synthesis and post-translational processing.
    Literature
      required literature
    • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER and Kathleen M. BOTHAM. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. 30th ed. New York: Mc Graw- Hill, 2015, xii, 817. ISBN 9781259252860. info
    • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
    Teaching methods
    Teaching form are lectures.
    Assessment methods
    Subject is a first part of two-semestral subject Biochemistry and is not terminated by exam nor course unit credit.
    Language of instruction
    English
    Further Comments
    The course is taught annually.
    Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
    The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.
    • Enrolment Statistics (recent)