FB242 Gas discharges: physical mechanisms and applications

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2023
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. RNDr. Mirko Černák, CSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Mirko Černák, CSc.
Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. RNDr. Mirko Černák, CSc.
Supplier department: Department of Plasma Physics and Technology – Physics Section – Faculty of Science
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Syllabus
  • 1. Introduction 1.1. Brief History of Electric Gas Discharge (EGD) research 1.2. Definition of EGD in gases 1.3. Survey of current applications of EGD
  • 2. Electron avalanche multiplication mechanism 2.1 Electron collision with gas molecules 2.2 Experimental studies of electron avalanches in gases 2.3 The first Townsed ionization coefficient and electron attachment 2.4 Fluid and statistical models of electron avalanches 2.5 Technical applications of single electron avalanche multiplication prosess
  • 3. Townsend theory of electric discharges 3.1 Secondary electron emission processes in EGD 3.2 Secondary electron emission processes 3.3 Townsend theory of non-self-sustained and self-sustained gas EGD 3.4 Townsend criterion for the onset of self sustained gas discharges 3.5 Computer simulations of gas discharges – fluid models 3.6 Statistics of the self-sustained gas discharge onset
  • 4. Paschen law and similarity of EGD 4.1 Paschen curve 4.2 Effects of magnetic field and hollow cathode efects on the Paschen curve 4.3 Magnetron ED, Penning ED and other applications 4.2 Secondary and collective electron emission processes in GD 4.3 Validity of Paschen law 4.4 Vacuum and high-pressure el. insulation
  • 5. Stationary EGDs 5.1.Townsend discharges (TD) 5.1.1 Definition and basic characteristics of TD 5.1.2 Transition of TD to Glow Discharge 5.1.3 Applications of TDs 5.2. Glow discharges (GDs) 5.2.1 Phenomenology a basic properties 5.2.2 Cathode region of GD and the GD mechanism 5.2.3. Hollow cathode GD and its application 5.2.4. The so-called Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges (APGD) and their applications 5.2.3 Positive column of GD and its plasma properties 5.2.4 Applications of stationary and non-stationary GDs (fluorescent lamps, GD lasers, magnetrons, plasma immersion ion implantation) 5.2.5 Transition from GD to arc discharge
  • 6.3. Arc Discharges (ADs) 6.3.1 Phenomenology and basic properties of ADs 6.3.2 Electrode regions of ADs 6.3.2 Plasma properties of GD column 6.3.3 Effects of magnetic field generated by ADs, DC plasma torches and their applications 6.3.4 The so-called glidarc and capillary ADs, properties and applications 6.3.4 Applications of thermal plasmas generated by GDs
  • 7. Nonstationary streamer EGDs 7.1 Streamer mechanism for EGDs 7.1.1 Experimental observations questioning validity of the Townsend theory at near-atmospheric pressures 7.1.2 Single-avalanche streamer initiation. Experimental observations. The critical avalanche size and Meek´s criterion 7.1.2 Multi-avalanche streamer initiation. Statistics of the streamer initiation 7.1.3 Fast current and optical studies of the streamer phenomena 7.1.4 Primary and secondary streamers 7.1.5Transient arc/spark formation via streamer mechanism, HV switchers and trigatron 7.1.5 Unified theory for the streamer initiated EGDs
  • 8. High-pressure EGDs generating nonequlibrium „cold“ plasmas 8.1 Pulse electric discharges in gases and their applications 8.1.1 HV pulse sources, switchers. 8.1.2 Surface high-pressure EGDs. HV insulation and triple point effect. 8.1.2 TEA lasers 8.2 Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBDs) 8.2.1. Volume DBDs. Mechanism and applications 8.8.2. Surface DBDs and their applications 8.3 Corona Discharges 8.3.1 Mechanism of negative corona discharges. 9.3.2 Mechanism of positive corona discharges 9.3.3 Applications of corona discharges
  • 9. Leader discharges 9.1. Long sparks and the leader formation 9.2. Lightnings. Phenomenology and mechanism 9.3 Lightning-related phenomena in the upper atmosphere
  • 10. EGDs in liquids 10.1 Discharges in liquid inert gases. The avalanche ionization mechanism and its application 10.1 HV electric insulation using liquid dielectrics 10.1 Discharges in liquid water. Mechanism and applications.
Language of instruction
English
Further Comments
Study Materials
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2022, Autumn 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Autumn 2023, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2023/FB242