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@article{1130094,
author = {Urbanová, Petra and Hejna, Petr and Zátopková, Lenka and Šafr, Miroslav},
article_number = {1},
keywords = {hyoid bone; asymmetry; modularity; geometric morphometrics},
language = {eng},
issn = {0717-9502},
journal = {International Journal of Morphology},
title = {The asymmetry and modularity of the hyoid bone},
url = {http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ijmorphol/v32n1/art42.pdf},
volume = {32},
year = {2014}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1130094
AU - Urbanová, Petra - Hejna, Petr - Zátopková, Lenka - Šafr, Miroslav
PY - 2014
TI - The asymmetry and modularity of the hyoid bone
JF - International Journal of Morphology
VL - 32
IS - 1
SP - 251-260
EP - 251-260
SN - 07179502
KW - hyoid bone
KW - asymmetry
KW - modularity
KW - geometric morphometrics
UR - http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ijmorphol/v32n1/art42.pdf
N2 - Morphological variation is a result of interplay among multiple intervening factors. For hyoid bones, the shape and size differences have been scarcely covered in the literature and in majority limited to studies of sexual dimorphism or age dependency. To our knowledge, the human hyoid bone, in complete opposite to other cranial bones, has not been fully utilized to address developmental questions in terms of asymmetry or modularity. In the present paper, we used landmark-based methods of geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistical approach to study human hyoid morphology represented by the hyoid body and greater horns in a sample of 211 fused and non-fused bones. Within a sample variation analysis, we showed that the hyoid bone is, by nature, asymmetrical bone which exhibit both directional and fluctuating types of asymmetry and is composed of well-integrated anatomical elements for which the biomechanical load of attached muscles is the most determining factor of variation. Yet, the covariance and evidence of unequal amount of fluctuating asymmetry among modules suggests a certain degree of independence during early stages of development.
ER -
URBANOVÁ, Petra, Petr HEJNA, Lenka ZÁTOPKOVÁ a Miroslav ŠAFR. The asymmetry and modularity of the hyoid bone. \textit{International Journal of Morphology}. 2014, roč.~32, č.~1, s.~251-260. ISSN~0717-9502.
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