Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in
Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint
Technique

J 2014

Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique

CHOVANEC, Zdeněk, Lenka VEVERKOVÁ, Miroslav VOTAVA, Jiří SVOBODA, Václav JEDLIČKA et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique

Název česky

Srovnání dvou neinvazivních odběrových technik ke kultivačnímu vyšetření v chirurgické praxi. Stěrová versus otisková technika.

Autoři

CHOVANEC, Zdeněk (203 Česká republika, garant, domácí), Lenka VEVERKOVÁ (203 Česká republika, domácí), Miroslav VOTAVA (203 Česká republika, domácí), Jiří SVOBODA (203 Česká republika), Václav JEDLIČKA (203 Česká republika, domácí) a Ivan ČAPOV (203 Česká republika, domácí)

Vydání

Surgical infections, New York, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2014, 1096-2964

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

30200 3.2 Clinical medicine

Stát vydavatele

Spojené státy

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 1.448

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14110/14:00077742

Organizační jednotka

Lékařská fakulta

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2013.168

UT WoS

000346335500020

Klíčová slova anglicky

INFECTION; WOUNDS; ULCERS

Štítky

EL OK

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 14. 1. 2015 15:21, Soňa Böhmová

Anotace

V originále

Background: A variety of methods exist to take samples from surgical site infections for cultivation, however, an unambiguous and suitable method has not yet been defined. The aim of our retrospective non-randomized study was to compare two non-invasive techniques of sampling material for microbiologic analysis in surgical practice. We compared bacteria cultured from samples obtained with the use of the swab technique, defined in our study as the gold standard, with the indirect imprint technique. Methods: A cotton-tipped swab (Copan, Brescia, Italy) was used; the imprints were taken using Whatman no. 4 filter paper (Macherey-Nagal, Duren, Germany) cut into 5 · 5 cm pieces placed on blood agar in a Petri dish. To culture the microorganisms in the microbiologic laboratory, we used blood agar, UriSelect 4 medium (Bio-Rad, Marnes-la-Coquette, France), and a medium with sodium chloride (blood agar with salt). After careful debridement, a sample was taken from the incision surface by swab and subsequently the same area of the surface was imprinted onto a filter paper. The samples were analyzed in the microbiologic laboratory under standard safety precautions. The cultivation results of the two techniques were statistically processed using contingency tables and the McNemar test. Those samples that were simultaneously cultivation positive by imprint and negative by swabbing were processed in greater detail. Results: Over the period between October 2008 and March 2013, 177 samples from 70 patients were analyzed. Sampling was carried out in 42 males and 28 females. One hundred forty-six samples were from incisions after operations (21 samples from 6 patients after operation on the thoracic cavity, 73 samples from 35 patients after operation on the abdominal cavity combined with the gastrointestinal tract, 52 samples from 19 patients with other post-operative site infections not included above) and 31 samples were from 11 patients with no postoperative site infection. One patient had a sample taken both from a post-operative and a non-postoperative site infection. Coincidently, the most frequent cultivation finding with both techniques was a sterile one (imprint, 62; swab, 50). The most frequently cultivated microorganism after swabbing was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22 cases), compared with Escherichia coli when the filter paper (imprint) was used (31 cases). The imprint technique was evaluated as more sensitive compared to swabbing at the level of statistical significance p = 0.0001, and k indice to evaluate the concordance between the two techniques was 0.302. Of the 177 samples there were 53 samples simultaneously sterile using the swab and positive in the imprint. In 3 samples colony forming units (CFU) were not counted; 22 samples were within the limit of 0–25 · 101 CFU/cm2, 20 samples within the limit of 25 · 101–25 · 102 CFU/cm2, 5 within the limit of 25 · 102–25 · 103 CFU/cm2, and 3 of more than 25 · 104 CFU/cm2. Conclusions: The hypothesis of swabbing as a more precise technique was not confirmed. In our study the imprint technique appeared to be more sensitive than swabbing and the strength of agreement was considered as fair. We obtained information not only on the type of the microorganism cultured, but also on the number of viable colonies per square unit, expressed in CFU/cm2.

Citovat

CHOVANEC, Zdeněk, Lenka VEVERKOVÁ, Miroslav VOTAVA, Jiří SVOBODA, Václav JEDLIČKA a Ivan ČAPOV. Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique. Surgical infections. New York: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2014, roč. 15, č. 6, s. 786-793. ISSN 1096-2964. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2013.168.

@article{1212681,
   author = {Chovanec, Zdeněk and Veverková, Lenka and Votava, Miroslav and Svoboda, Jiří and Jedlička, Václav and Čapov, Ivan},
   article_location = {New York},
   article_number = {6},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2013.168},
   keywords = {INFECTION; WOUNDS; ULCERS},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1096-2964},
   journal = {Surgical infections},
   title = {Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique},
   volume = {15},
   year = {2014}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1212681
AU  - Chovanec, Zdeněk - Veverková, Lenka - Votava, Miroslav - Svoboda, Jiří - Jedlička, Václav - Čapov, Ivan
PY  - 2014
TI  - Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique
JF  - Surgical infections
VL  - 15
IS  - 6
SP  - 786-793
EP  - 786-793
PB  - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
SN  - 10962964
KW  - INFECTION
KW  - WOUNDS
KW  - ULCERS
N2  - Background: A variety of methods exist to take samples from surgical site infections for cultivation, however, an unambiguous and suitable method has not yet been defined. The aim of our retrospective non-randomized study was to compare two non-invasive techniques of sampling material for microbiologic analysis in surgical practice. We compared bacteria cultured from samples obtained with the use of the swab technique, defined in our study as the gold standard, with the indirect imprint technique. Methods: A cotton-tipped swab (Copan, Brescia, Italy) was used; the imprints were taken using Whatman no. 4 filter paper (Macherey-Nagal, Duren, Germany) cut into 5 · 5 cm pieces placed on blood agar in a Petri dish. To culture the microorganisms in the microbiologic laboratory, we used blood agar, UriSelect 4 medium (Bio-Rad, Marnes-la-Coquette, France), and a medium with sodium chloride (blood agar with salt). After careful debridement, a sample was taken from the incision surface by swab and subsequently the same area of the surface was imprinted onto a filter paper. The samples were analyzed in the microbiologic laboratory under standard safety precautions. The cultivation results of the two techniques were statistically processed using contingency tables and the McNemar test. Those samples that were simultaneously cultivation positive by imprint and negative by swabbing were processed in greater detail. Results: Over the period between October 2008 and March 2013, 177 samples from 70 patients were analyzed. Sampling was carried out in 42 males and 28 females. One hundred forty-six samples were from incisions after operations (21 samples from 6 patients after operation on the thoracic cavity, 73 samples from 35 patients after operation on the abdominal cavity combined with the gastrointestinal tract, 52 samples from 19 patients with other post-operative site infections not included above) and 31 samples were from 11 patients with no postoperative site infection. One patient had a sample taken both from a post-operative and a non-postoperative site infection. Coincidently, the most frequent cultivation finding with both techniques was a sterile one (imprint, 62; swab, 50). The most frequently cultivated microorganism after swabbing was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22 cases), compared with Escherichia coli when the filter paper (imprint) was used (31 cases). The imprint technique was evaluated as more sensitive compared to swabbing at the level of statistical significance p = 0.0001, and k indice to evaluate the concordance between the two techniques was 0.302. Of the 177 samples there were 53 samples simultaneously sterile using the swab and positive in the imprint. In 3 samples colony forming units (CFU) were not counted; 22 samples were within the limit of 0–25 · 101 CFU/cm2, 20 samples within the limit of 25 · 101–25 · 102 CFU/cm2, 5 within the limit of 25 · 102–25 · 103 CFU/cm2, and 3 of more than 25 · 104 CFU/cm2. Conclusions: The hypothesis of swabbing as a more precise technique was not confirmed. In our study the imprint technique appeared to be more sensitive than swabbing and the strength of agreement was considered as fair. We obtained information not only on the type of the microorganism cultured, but also on the number of viable colonies per square unit, expressed in CFU/cm2.
ER  -

CHOVANEC, Zdeněk, Lenka VEVERKOVÁ, Miroslav VOTAVA, Jiří SVOBODA, Václav JEDLIČKA a Ivan ČAPOV. Comparison of Two Non-Invasive Methods of Microbial Analysis in Surgery Practice: Incision Swabbing and the Indirect Imprint Technique. \textit{Surgical infections}. New York: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2014, roč.~15, č.~6, s.~786-793. ISSN~1096-2964. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1089/sur.2013.168.

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