Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models

D 2016

Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models

DOSEDLOVÁ, Jaroslava, Martin JELÍNEK, Helena KLIMUSOVÁ and Iva BUREŠOVÁ

Basic information

Original name

Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models

Name in Czech

Pozitivní očekávání - optimismus a naděje v modelech

Authors

DOSEDLOVÁ, Jaroslava (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution), Martin JELÍNEK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Helena KLIMUSOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Iva BUREŠOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution)

Edition

Amsterdam, The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences, p. 436-447, 12 pp. 2016

Publisher

Future Academy

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Stať ve sborníku

Field of Study

50100 5.1 Psychology and cognitive sciences

Country of publisher

Netherlands

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Publication form

electronic version available online

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14210/16:00088381

Organization unit

Faculty of Arts

ISSN

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.45

UT WoS

000390872300045

Keywords (in Czech)

optimismus; pesimismus; naděje; modely

Keywords in English

optimism; pessimism; hope; models

Abstract

V originále

Current approaches to optimism accentuate its many different aspects: dispositional optimism (Scheier, & Carver, 2002), defensive pessimism (Norem, & Cantor, 1989), unrealistic optimism (Weinstein, 1980) and hope (Snyder, 1994). The aims of the research (supported by GACR, no. 13-19808S) were to design a model of optimism/pessimism using the dimensions of dispositional optimism, defensive pessimism, unrealistic optimism and hope, and to determine the degree of conceptual overlap between optimism and hope. We collected data from 1,774 respondents (men 33.3%, women 66.7 %) at the age from 15 to 79 (m 33.5, SD 15.8, med 27). Following measures were used: the Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire (DPQ), the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) and Unrealistic Optimism Scale. We created three models and evaluated them using confirmatory factor analysis. The first model was first order factor analysis model with correlated factors represented by individual measures. The second model implemented a second order factor of general optimism. The third model used two second order correlated factors - optimism and hope. We consider model three as the best suited both statistically and for interpretation. Our model corresponds to Snyder’s concept (in Chang, 2002), who views his construct of hope more actively and specifically in comparison to optimism. Optimism focuses more broadly on the expected quality of future outcomes in general.

Links

GA13-19808S, research and development project

Name: Chování zdraví podporující a zdraví ohrožující: determinanty, modely a konsekvence

Investor: Czech Science Foundation

Citovat

DOSEDLOVÁ, Jaroslava, Martin JELÍNEK, Helena KLIMUSOVÁ and Iva BUREŠOVÁ. Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models. Online. In Bekirogullari, Zafer; Minas, Melis Y.; Thambusamy, Roslind X. The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences. Amsterdam: Future Academy, 2016, p. 436-447. ISSN 2357-1330. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.45.

@inproceedings{1362162,
   author = {Dosedlová, Jaroslava and Jelínek, Martin and Klimusová, Helena and Burešová, Iva},
   address = {Amsterdam},
   booktitle = {The European Proceedings of Social & Behavioural Sciences},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.45},
   editor = {Bekirogullari, Zafer; Minas, Melis Y.; Thambusamy, Roslind X.},
   keywords = {optimism; pessimism; hope; models},
   howpublished = {elektronická verze "online"},
   language = {eng},
   location = {Amsterdam},
   pages = {436-447},
   publisher = {Future Academy},
   title = {Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models},
   year = {2016}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1362162
AU  - Dosedlová, Jaroslava - Jelínek, Martin - Klimusová, Helena - Burešová, Iva
PY  - 2016
TI  - Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models
PB  - Future Academy
CY  - Amsterdam
KW  - optimism
KW  - pessimism
KW  - hope
KW  - models
N2  - Current approaches to optimism accentuate its many different aspects: dispositional optimism (Scheier, & Carver, 2002), defensive pessimism (Norem, & Cantor, 1989), unrealistic optimism (Weinstein, 1980) and hope (Snyder, 1994). The aims of the research (supported by GACR, no. 13-19808S) were to design a model of optimism/pessimism using the dimensions of dispositional optimism, defensive pessimism, unrealistic optimism and hope, and to determine the degree of conceptual overlap between optimism and hope. We collected data from 1,774 respondents (men 33.3%, women 66.7 %) at the age from 15 to 79 (m 33.5, SD 15.8, med 27). Following measures were used: the Defensive Pessimism Questionnaire (DPQ), the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R), Adult Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS) and Unrealistic Optimism Scale. We created three models and evaluated them using confirmatory factor analysis. The first model was first order factor analysis model with correlated factors represented by individual measures. The second model implemented a second order factor of general optimism. The third model used two second order correlated factors - optimism and hope. We consider model three as the best suited both statistically and for interpretation. Our model corresponds to Snyder’s concept (in Chang, 2002), who views his construct of hope more actively and specifically in comparison to optimism. Optimism focuses more broadly on the expected quality of future outcomes in general.
ER  -

DOSEDLOVÁ, Jaroslava, Martin JELÍNEK, Helena KLIMUSOVÁ and Iva BUREŠOVÁ. Positive Expectations – Optimism and Hope in Models. Online. In Bekirogullari, Zafer; Minas, Melis Y.; Thambusamy, Roslind X. \textit{The European Proceedings of Social \&{} Behavioural Sciences}. Amsterdam: Future Academy, 2016, p.~436-447. ISSN~2357-1330. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2016.11.45.

Detailed Information on Publication Record