Na strani monarhije sa simpatijama prema "srpskom neprijatelju". O čemu još govore ratni dnevnici

ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav. Na strani monarhije sa simpatijama prema "srpskom neprijatelju". O čemu još govore ratni dnevnici (On the Side of the Monarchy with Sympathy for the “Serbian Enemy”. What War Diaries can tell us). In Veliki rat 1914-1918. U memoarima i ratnim dnevnicima. Naučni skup sa medjunarodnim učešćem. 12. 10. 2018, Narodni muzej Niš. Niš, Srbsko. 2018.

Basic information

• Original name: Na strani monarhije sa simpatijama prema "srpskom neprijatelju". O čemu još govore ratni dnevnici
• Name (in English): On the Side of the Monarchy with Sympathy for the “Serbian Enemy”. What War Diaries can tell us
• Authors: ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution).
• Edition: Veliki rat 1914-1918. U memoarima i ratnim dnevnicima. Naučni skup sa medjunarodnim učešćem. 12. 10. 2018, Narodni muzej Niš. Niš, Srbsko, 2018.

Other information

• Original language: Serbian
• Type of outcome: Presentations at conferences
• Field of Study: 60101 History
• Country of publisher: Serbia
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14210/18:00105184
• Organization unit: Faculty of Arts
• Keywords (in Czech): Velká válka; česko-srbské vztahy; válečné deníky
• Keywords in English: Great War; Czech-Serbian relations; war diaries
• Tags: RIV - zkontrolováno, rivok

Abstract

Memoari učesnika u Prvom svetskom ratu, a posebno onih u raznim četama čehoslovačkih legija, objavljivani su nakon Prvog svetskog rata veoma često. Nije se ali sačuvalo mnogo originalnih ratnih dnevika stvaranih direktno u rovovima ili tokom pohoda. Posebno ne onih čiji su autori tokom celog rata ostali „verni caru“, mada su o svrsishodnosti ratovanja imali svoje mišljenje. Ratni dnevnik natporučnika 20. brdske brigade XIX korpusa austrougarske vojske Hineka Doležala predstavlja u tom smislu izuzetno svedočanstvo, jer se zasniva isključivo na fotografskoj dokumentaciji i u tom pogledu je jedinstven. Autor koji je delovao u štabu brigade imao je tokom operacija na balkanskom frontu mogucnost fotografisanja i razvijanja fotografija. Tako njegov dnevnik predstavlja detaljnu dokumentaciju ratnih pohoda koji su za brigadu počeli u zimskim mesecima 1914. godine u Bosni, 1915. nastavljeni prema Srbiji, a naredne godine dalje ka Crnoj Gori, Albaniji i Makedoniji, odakle se nakon proboja Solunskog fronta 1918. brigada povukla nazad u Monarhiju koja je bila pred raspadom. Iako je Doležal bio pripadnik austrijske vojske, u propratnom tekstu fotografija očito je njegovo češko poreklo i simpatije prema „srpskom i crnogorskom neprijatelju“. Autor je u dnevniku sakupljao ne samo svoje, vec je i kupovao fotografije mesta u kojima je u tom trenutku boravio u službi. Tako je u dnevnik uvrstio takođe fotografije srpske i crnogorske vladarske porodice, osvrtao se na njihovu sudbinu, kao i na život običnih srpskih i crnogorskih (ali i albanskih i makedonskih) seljaka. Iz fotografija srpskih i crnogorskih zarobljenika, kao i iz propratnog teksta, vide se njegove simpatije prema „poraženom neprijatelju“. Autor je takođe birao smeštaj u srpskim porodicama koje je svojim autoritetom bio u mogucnosti da štiti. Celokupan dnevnik tako predstavlja ne samo svedočanstvo ratnih operacija, ali i važan etnografski izvor i dokument mišlenja češkog oficira u austrougarskoj vojsci.

Abstract (in English)

The memoirs of participants in the First World War were very common after the First World War. However, many of the original war diaries which were written by their authors directly in the trenches or during a campaign, and who, therefore, had no time to 'embellish history', often did not survive. This related in particular to those who remained 'loyal to the emperor' throughout the war, even though they had their own ideas about the war. One good example of this is the diary of Hynek Doležal, a lieutenant in the 20th mountain brigade of the 3rd Austro-Hungarian army. As it is made up mainly of photographic material, his diary is naturally quite unique. Throughout the Balkan campaign the author, working in the brigade headquarters, had the opportunity to both take and develop photographs. This diary, therefore, comprehensively documents the field campaigns which the brigade began in the winter months of 1914 in Bosnia, continuing into Serbia in 1915 and then the next year into Montenegro, Albania and Macedonia, from where in 1918, following the breakthrough at the Salonica Front, the brigade retreated back to the disintegrating monarchy. Despite the fact that Doležal was in the Austrian army, his Czechness is evident from the descriptions accompanying his photographs as well as his sympathy for the 'Serb and Montenegrin enemy'. In his diary the author collected not only his own photographs, but also commercial photographs from the areas where he was operating. He also stuck photographs of the Serb and Montenegrin royal families into his diary, took note of what happened to them as well as the lives of the ordinary Serbian and Montenegrin (and Albanian and Macedonian) villagers. From the photographs of Serbian and Montenegrin prisoners and the accompanying descriptions it is possible to see his sympathy for the 'defeated enemy'. The diary is not only a record of military operations, but also an important ethnographic source.

Links

• MUNI/A/0956/2017, interní kód MU: Name: Slavistika mezi generacemi: doktorská dílna

Investor: Masaryk University, Category A