2019
Gaze Behavior in Basketball Free Throws Developed in Constant and Variable Practice
CZYŻ, Stanisław Henryk, Martin ZVONAŘ, Zbigniew BORYSIUK, Jiří NYKODÝM, Piotr OLEŚNIEWICZ et. al.Základní údaje
Originální název
Gaze Behavior in Basketball Free Throws Developed in Constant and Variable Practice
Autoři
CZYŻ, Stanisław Henryk (616 Polsko, garant, domácí), Martin ZVONAŘ (203 Česká republika, domácí), Zbigniew BORYSIUK (616 Polsko), Jiří NYKODÝM (203 Česká republika, domácí) a Piotr OLEŚNIEWICZ (616 Polsko)
Vydání
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Basel (Switzerland), MDPI AG, 2019, 1660-4601
Další údaje
Jazyk
angličtina
Typ výsledku
Článek v odborném periodiku
Obor
30306 Sport and fitness sciences
Stát vydavatele
Švýcarsko
Utajení
není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství
Impakt faktor
Impact factor: 2.849
Kód RIV
RIV/00216224:14510/19:00111653
Organizační jednotka
Fakulta sportovních studií
UT WoS
000494779100089
Klíčová slova anglicky
skill acquisition; gaze behavior; practice conditions; especial skill
Štítky
Příznaky
Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno
Změněno: 7. 9. 2020 08:55, prof. Mgr. Martin Zvonař, Ph.D.
Anotace
V originále
There are a limited number of studies focusing on the mechanisms explaining why variable practice gives an advantage in a novel situation and constant practice in performance in trained conditions. We hypothesized that this may be due to the different gaze behavior that is developed under different conditions. Twenty participants, randomly assigned to two different groups, practiced basketball free throws for three consecutive days, performing 100 throws per day. The constant group (n = 10) practiced at a free throw distance (4.57 m) only. The variable practice group (n = 10) randomly performed 20 shots per five throw distances (3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, and 5.79 m) on each day, also accumulating 100 shots per day. We analyzed the total gaze fixation duration, a number of fixations, and the average fixation duration on a basketball rim in a pretest and posttest at the 4.57 m distance. We computed a linear mixed model with test (pretest-posttest), group (constant-variable), and test x group interaction in order to analyze the total fixation duration and number of fixations. The average fixation duration was analyzed with a repeated measure two-way ANOVA, with practice conditions as a between-participants factor and test type as a within-participants factor. We found that the total fixation duration increased significantly in the posttest, regardless of the practice conditions (p < 0.001, effect size = 0.504). The number of fixations also increased significantly in the posttest (p = 0.037, effect size = 0.246). The average fixation duration increased in both groups; however, insignificantly. We also did not find any significant differences between groups. Our results suggest that variable and constant practice conditions may lead to the development of similar gaze behavior.