Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated
with the Origin of Eukaryotes

J 2020

Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

PROCHÁZKOVÁ SCHRUMPFOVÁ, Petra and Jiří FAJKUS

Basic information

Original name

Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

Authors

PROCHÁZKOVÁ SCHRUMPFOVÁ, Petra (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Jiří FAJKUS (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution)

Edition

Biomolecules, Basel, MDPI, 2020, 2218-273X

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

10611 Plant sciences, botany

Country of publisher

Switzerland

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 4.879

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14740/20:00114559

Organization unit

Central European Institute of Technology

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10101425

UT WoS

000584201900001

Keywords in English

telomerase; evolution; telomerase RNA (TR); telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT); plant TERT; plant TR

Abstract

V originále

The canonical DNA polymerases involved in the replication of the genome are unable to fully replicate the physical ends of linear chromosomes, called telomeres. Chromosomal termini thus become shortened in each cell cycle. The maintenance of telomeres requires telomerase—a specific RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme complex that carries its own RNA template and adds telomeric repeats to the ends of chromosomes using a reverse transcription mechanism. Both core subunits of telomerase—its catalytic telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) subunit and telomerase RNA (TR) component—were identified in quick succession in Tetrahymena more than 30 years ago. Since then, both telomerase subunits have been described in various organisms including yeasts, mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Despite the fact that telomerase activity in plants was described 25 years ago and the TERT subunit four years later, a genuine plant TR has only recently been identified by our group. In this review, we focus on the structure, composition and function of telomerases. In addition, we discuss the origin and phylogenetic divergence of this unique RNA-dependent DNA polymerase as a witness of early eukaryotic evolution. Specifically, we discuss the latest information regarding the recently discovered TR component in plants, its conservation and its structural features.

Links

GX20-01331X, research and development project

Name: Biogeneze a evoluce telomerázy u rostlin

Investor: Czech Science Foundation

LQ1601, research and development project

Name: CEITEC 2020 (Acronym: CEITEC2020)

Investor: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the CR

Citovat

PROCHÁZKOVÁ SCHRUMPFOVÁ, Petra and Jiří FAJKUS. Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes. Biomolecules. Basel: MDPI, 2020, vol. 10, No 10, p. 1-24. ISSN 2218-273X. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10101425.

@article{1707156,
   author = {Procházková Schrumpfová, Petra and Fajkus, Jiří},
   article_location = {Basel},
   article_number = {10},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10101425},
   keywords = {telomerase; evolution; telomerase RNA (TR); telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT); plant TERT; plant TR},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {2218-273X},
   journal = {Biomolecules},
   title = {Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes},
   url = {http://www.mdpi.com/journal/biomolecules},
   volume = {10},
   year = {2020}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1707156
AU  - Procházková Schrumpfová, Petra - Fajkus, Jiří
PY  - 2020
TI  - Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes
JF  - Biomolecules
VL  - 10
IS  - 10
SP  - 1-24
EP  - 1-24
PB  - MDPI
SN  - 2218273X
KW  - telomerase
KW  - evolution
KW  - telomerase RNA (TR)
KW  - telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)
KW  - plant TERT
KW  - plant TR
UR  - http://www.mdpi.com/journal/biomolecules
L2  - http://www.mdpi.com/journal/biomolecules
N2  - The canonical DNA polymerases involved in the replication of the genome are unable to fully replicate the physical ends of linear chromosomes, called telomeres. Chromosomal termini thus become shortened in each cell cycle. The maintenance of telomeres requires telomerase—a specific RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme complex that carries its own RNA template and adds telomeric repeats to the ends of chromosomes using a reverse transcription mechanism. Both core subunits of telomerase—its catalytic telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) subunit and telomerase RNA (TR) component—were identified in quick succession in Tetrahymena more than 30 years ago. Since then, both telomerase subunits have been described in various organisms including yeasts, mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Despite the fact that telomerase activity in plants was described 25 years ago and the TERT subunit four years later, a genuine plant TR has only recently been identified by our group. In this review, we focus on the structure, composition and function of telomerases. In addition, we discuss the origin and phylogenetic divergence of this unique RNA-dependent DNA polymerase as a witness of early eukaryotic evolution. Specifically, we discuss the latest information regarding the recently discovered TR component in plants, its conservation and its structural features.
ER  -

PROCHÁZKOVÁ SCHRUMPFOVÁ, Petra and Jiří FAJKUS. Composition and Function of Telomerase-A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes. \textit{Biomolecules}. Basel: MDPI, 2020, vol.~10, No~10, p.~1-24. ISSN~2218-273X. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10101425.

Detailed Information on Publication Record