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@article{1738216,
author = {Hockova, Barbora and Riad, Abanoub and Valky, Jozef and Šulajová, Zuzana and Stebel, Adam and Slávik, Rastislav and Bečková, Zuzana and Pokorná, Andrea and Klugarová, Jitka and Klugar, Miloslav},
article_location = {Basel},
article_number = {4},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040581},
keywords = {candidiasis; COVID-19; critical care; macroglossia; oral manifestations; pressure ulcer; prone position},
language = {eng},
issn = {2077-0383},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
title = {Oral Complications of ICU Patients with COVID-19: Case-Series and Review of Two Hundred Ten Cases},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/4/581},
volume = {10},
year = {2021}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1738216
AU - Hockova, Barbora - Riad, Abanoub - Valky, Jozef - Šulajová, Zuzana - Stebel, Adam - Slávik, Rastislav - Bečková, Zuzana - Pokorná, Andrea - Klugarová, Jitka - Klugar, Miloslav
PY - 2021
TI - Oral Complications of ICU Patients with COVID-19: Case-Series and Review of Two Hundred Ten Cases
JF - Journal of Clinical Medicine
VL - 10
IS - 4
SP - 1-14
EP - 1-14
PB - MDPI
SN - 20770383
KW - candidiasis
KW - COVID-19
KW - critical care
KW - macroglossia
KW - oral manifestations
KW - pressure ulcer
KW - prone position
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/4/581
L2 - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/4/581
N2 - ackground: The critically ill patients suffering from coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) are susceptible to a wide array of complications that can be life-threatening or impose them to long-term complications. The COVID-19 oral mucocutaneous complications require multidisciplinary management and research for their pathophysiological course and epidemiological significance; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of the critically ill COVID-19 patients with oral complications. Methods: We described the clinical and microbiological characteristics of the critically ill COVID-19 patients in our ICU department (Banska Bystrica, Slovakia). In addition, we reviewed the current body of evidence in Ovid MEDLINE®, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for the oral mucocutaneous complications of ICU patients with COVID-19. Results: Three out of nine critically ill patients (33.3%) in our ICU department presented with oral complications including haemorrhagic ulcers and necrotic ulcers affecting the lips and tongue. The microbiological assessment revealed the presence of opportunistic pathogens, confirming the possibility of co-infection. On reviewing the current literature, two hundred ten critically ill patients were reported to have oral complications due to their stay in the ICU setting. Perioral pressure ulcers were the most common complication, followed by oral candidiasis, herpetic and haemorrhagic ulcers, and acute onset macroglossia. The prolonged prone positioning and mechanical ventilation devices were the primary risk factors for those oral complications, in addition to the immunosuppressive drugs. Conclusions: The multidisciplinary approach is strongly advocated for monitoring and management of COVID-19 patients, thus implying that dermatology and oral healthcare specialists and nurses should be integrated within the ICU teams.
ER -
HOCKOVA, Barbora, Abanoub RIAD, Jozef VALKY, Zuzana ŠULAJOVÁ, Adam STEBEL, Rastislav SLÁVIK, Zuzana BEČKOVÁ, Andrea POKORNÁ, Jitka KLUGAROVÁ and Miloslav KLUGAR. Oral Complications of ICU Patients with COVID-19: Case-Series and Review of Two Hundred Ten Cases. \textit{Journal of Clinical Medicine}. Basel: MDPI, 2021, vol.~10, No~4, p.~1-14. ISSN~2077-0383. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10040581.
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