Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a
hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression
Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls

J 2021

Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls

JELÍNEK, Martin, Petr KVĚTON, Iva BUREŠOVÁ a Helena KLIMUSOVÁ

Základní údaje

Originální název

Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls

Autoři

JELÍNEK, Martin (203 Česká republika, garant, domácí), Petr KVĚTON (203 Česká republika, domácí), Iva BUREŠOVÁ (203 Česká republika, domácí) a Helena KLIMUSOVÁ (203 Česká republika, domácí)

Vydání

PLOS ONE, San Francisco, Public Library of Science, 2021, 1932-6203

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

50102 Psychology, special ;

Stát vydavatele

Spojené státy

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 3.752

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14210/21:00118929

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249943

UT WoS

000639359600111

Klíčová slova anglicky

depression; adolescence; psychometrics; CDI

Štítky

rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 22. 10. 2021 11:25, Dana Nesnídalová

Anotace

V originále

Background. One of the most widely used instruments to measure depression in childhood and adolescence is Kovacs’s Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Even though this particular measure sparked massive interest among researchers, there is no clear consensus about its factorial structure. It has been suggested that inconsistencies in findings can be partly ascribed to the cultural context. The aim of this study was a) to examine and verify the factor structure of CDI in the Czech population and b) to assess gender-related psychometric differences using the mean and covariance structure (MACS) approach and differential item functioning (DIF) analysis. Methods. The research sample consisted of 1,515 adolescents (ages 12 to 16 years, 53.7% female) from a non-clinical general population. Based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on a random subsample (N = 500), we proposed a model that was subsequently tested on the rest of the sample (N = 1,015) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Following the MACS procedure, we assessed measurement invariance in boys and girls. The between-group comparison was further supplemented by a DIF analysis. Results. The proposed hierarchical four-factor model (General Symptoms, Negative Self-Concept, Inefficiency, and Social Anhedonia) with a second-order factor of depression fitted the data reasonably well (chi squared = 1281.355; df = 320; RMSEA = 0.054, CFI = 0.925). Regarding gender differences, we found no substantial signs of measurement invariance using the MACS approach. Boys and girls differed in first-order latent means (girls scored higher on General Symptoms with a standardized mean difference of 0.52 and on Negative Self-Concept with a standardized mean difference of 0.31). DIF analysis identified three items with differential functioning. However, the levels of differential functioning were only marginal (in two items) or marginal/moderate and the presence of DIF does not substantially influence scoring of CDI. Conclusion. In the general adolescent population in the Czech Republic, the CDI can be considered a reliable instrument for screening purposes in clinical settings and for use in research practice. Instead of the originally proposed five-factor model, we recommend using the newly established four-factor structure. The measure seems to show only marginal psychometric differences with respect to gender, and overall measurement invariance in boys and girls seems to be a tenable assumption.

Návaznosti

GA16-11062S, projekt VaV

Název: Depresivita v dětství a dospívání: diagnostika v kontextu vývojových trendů (Akronym: DEPRESE)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, Depresivita v dětství a dospívání: diagnostika v kontextu vývojových trendů

Citovat

JELÍNEK, Martin, Petr KVĚTON, Iva BUREŠOVÁ a Helena KLIMUSOVÁ. Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls. PLOS ONE. San Francisco: Public Library of Science, 2021, roč. 16, č. 4, s. 1-17. ISSN 1932-6203. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249943.

@article{1760386,
   author = {Jelínek, Martin and Květon, Petr and Burešová, Iva and Klimusová, Helena},
   article_location = {San Francisco},
   article_number = {4},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249943},
   keywords = {depression; adolescence; psychometrics; CDI},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1932-6203},
   journal = {PLOS ONE},
   title = {Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls},
   url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0249943},
   volume = {16},
   year = {2021}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1760386
AU  - Jelínek, Martin - Květon, Petr - Burešová, Iva - Klimusová, Helena
PY  - 2021
TI  - Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls
JF  - PLOS ONE
VL  - 16
IS  - 4
SP  - 1-17
EP  - 1-17
PB  - Public Library of Science
SN  - 19326203
KW  - depression
KW  - adolescence
KW  - psychometrics
KW  - CDI
UR  - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0249943
N2  - Background. One of the most widely used instruments to measure depression in childhood and adolescence is Kovacs’s Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI). Even though this particular measure sparked massive interest among researchers, there is no clear consensus about its factorial structure. It has been suggested that inconsistencies in findings can be partly ascribed to the cultural context. The aim of this study was a) to examine and verify the factor structure of CDI in the Czech population and b) to assess gender-related psychometric differences using the mean and covariance structure (MACS) approach and differential item functioning (DIF) analysis. Methods. The research sample consisted of 1,515 adolescents (ages 12 to 16 years, 53.7% female) from a non-clinical general population. Based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on a random subsample (N = 500), we proposed a model that was subsequently tested on the rest of the sample (N = 1,015) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Following the MACS procedure, we assessed measurement invariance in boys and girls. The between-group comparison was further supplemented by a DIF analysis. Results. The proposed hierarchical four-factor model (General Symptoms, Negative Self-Concept, Inefficiency, and Social Anhedonia) with a second-order factor of depression fitted the data reasonably well (chi squared = 1281.355; df = 320; RMSEA = 0.054, CFI = 0.925). Regarding gender differences, we found no substantial signs of measurement invariance using the MACS approach. Boys and girls differed in first-order latent means (girls scored higher on General Symptoms with a standardized mean difference of 0.52 and on Negative Self-Concept with a standardized mean difference of 0.31). DIF analysis identified three items with differential functioning. However, the levels of differential functioning were only marginal (in two items) or marginal/moderate and the presence of DIF does not substantially influence scoring of CDI. Conclusion. In the general adolescent population in the Czech Republic, the CDI can be considered a reliable instrument for screening purposes in clinical settings and for use in research practice. Instead of the originally proposed five-factor model, we recommend using the newly established four-factor structure. The measure seems to show only marginal psychometric differences with respect to gender, and overall measurement invariance in boys and girls seems to be a tenable assumption.
ER  -

JELÍNEK, Martin, Petr KVĚTON, Iva BUREŠOVÁ a Helena KLIMUSOVÁ. Measuring depression in adolescence: Evaluation of a hierarchical factor model of the Children’s Depression Inventory and measurement invariance across boys and girls. \textit{PLOS ONE}. San Francisco: Public Library of Science, 2021, roč.~16, č.~4, s.~1-17. ISSN~1932-6203. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249943.

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