Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic
Systems

B 2021

Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems

KARAS, Vladimír, Jiří SVOBODA a Michal ZAJAČEK

Základní údaje

Originální název

Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems

Autoři

KARAS, Vladimír, Jiří SVOBODA a Michal ZAJAČEK (703 Slovensko, domácí)

Vydání

Opava, 154 s. Lecture notes, 2021

Nakladatel

Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Odborná kniha

Obor

10308 Astronomy

Stát vydavatele

Česká republika

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Forma vydání

tištěná verze "print"

Odkazy

URL

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14310/21:00119425

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

ISBN

978-80-7510-475-5

Klíčová slova anglicky

galaxies: active; black holes: supermassive; relativistic physics

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 15. 12. 2021 10:52, Mgr. Marie Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

Astrophysical black holes in nuclei of galaxies are of indisputable relevance to the current research. These extreme objects are of immense interest to pure relativists as well as observational astronomers. This diversification is reflected in varied approaches that people adopt to the problem. Mathematically minded theorists take more interest in analytical solutions to Einstein’s equations and idealized systems where the role of strong gravity can be exposed. Observers want to actually see the gas flows swirling in the form of an accretion disk or a torus. Astronomers often invoke disk-type accretion to explain spectral features observed in galactic nuclei, although the detailed physics of accretion flows still remains incomplete. Despite that the processes in strong gravity govern only the innermost regions of accretion disks, their role is quickly diminished with the distance from the source. Non-gravitational physics plays a crucial role and it often dominates the acceleration and emission processes. In order to see where the limitations of our models are, it is useful to discuss simplified and general analytical models along with particular astronomical objects. These lecture notes present an overview of selected aspects of physical processes occurring in the inner regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Observational evidence strongly suggests that strong gravitational fields play a significant role in governing the energy output of AGN and their influence on the surrounding medium due to the presence of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) or a system of SMBHs undergoing a merger. We begin by an account of observational properties of AGN, their basic structural components and unification scenarios, and the arguments for the presence of SMBHs in their cores. Subsequently, in more detail, we discuss selected phenomena that are related to black-hole accretion and relevant for the emerging radiation signal and the acceleration of matter in AGN cores. In order to reduce an unnecessary overlap with numerous reviews and textbook chapters on the similar subject, we focus on just a few topics, such as the launching scenarios of nuclear outflows and jets that start and pre-collimate in the immediate vicinity of black holes, at distance of only a few gravitational radii, and then can reach spectacular length-scales of ∼Mpc, extending far beyond the host galaxy. We also discuss the interaction between magnetic and gravitational fields in the strong-gravity regime of General Relativity. Some more recent aspects of the AGN unification scheme are included and quite a large number of references are provided to relevant papers and textbooks at the end of the volume. The interested reader is invited to consult the original works, which can provide an exciting context to the lively research on Active Galactic Nuclei.

Návaznosti

GX21-13491X, projekt VaV

Název: Zkoumání žhavého vesmíru a porozumění kosmické zpětné vazbě (Akronym: EHU)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, Exploring the Hot Universe and Understanding Comic Feedback

Citovat

KARAS, Vladimír, Jiří SVOBODA a Michal ZAJAČEK. Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems. Opava: Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava, 2021, 154 s. Lecture notes. ISBN 978-80-7510-475-5.

@book{1810398,
   author = {Karas, Vladimír and Svoboda, Jiří and Zajaček, Michal},
   address = {Opava},
   keywords = {galaxies: active; black holes: supermassive; relativistic physics},
   howpublished = {tištěná verze "print"},
   language = {eng},
   location = {Opava},
   isbn = {978-80-7510-475-5},
   publisher = {Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava},
   title = {Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems},
   url = {https://proceedings.physics.cz/selected-chapters-on-active-galactic-nuclei-as-relativistic-systems/},
   year = {2021}
}

TY  - BOOK
ID  - 1810398
AU  - Karas, Vladimír - Svoboda, Jiří - Zajaček, Michal
PY  - 2021
TI  - Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems
VL  - Lecture notes
PB  - Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava
CY  - Opava
SN  - 9788075104755
KW  - galaxies: active
KW  - black holes: supermassive
KW  - relativistic physics
UR  - https://proceedings.physics.cz/selected-chapters-on-active-galactic-nuclei-as-relativistic-systems/
N2  - Astrophysical black holes in nuclei of galaxies are of indisputable relevance to the current research. These extreme objects are of immense interest to pure relativists as well as observational astronomers. This diversification is reflected in varied approaches that people adopt to the problem. Mathematically minded theorists take more interest in analytical solutions to Einstein’s equations and idealized systems where the role of strong gravity can be exposed. Observers want to actually see the gas flows swirling in the form of an accretion disk or a torus. Astronomers often invoke disk-type accretion to explain spectral features observed in galactic nuclei, although the detailed physics of accretion flows still remains incomplete. Despite that the processes in strong gravity govern only the innermost regions of accretion disks, their role is quickly diminished with the distance from the source. Non-gravitational physics plays a crucial role and it often dominates the acceleration and emission processes. In order to see where the limitations of our models are, it is useful to discuss simplified and general analytical models along with particular astronomical objects. These lecture notes present an overview of selected aspects of physical processes occurring in the inner regions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). Observational evidence strongly suggests that strong gravitational fields play a significant role in governing the energy output of AGN and their influence on the surrounding medium due to the presence of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) or a system of SMBHs undergoing a merger. We begin by an account of observational properties of AGN, their basic structural components and unification scenarios, and the arguments for the presence of SMBHs in their cores. Subsequently, in more detail, we discuss selected phenomena that are related to black-hole accretion and relevant for the emerging radiation signal and the acceleration of matter in AGN cores. In order to reduce an unnecessary overlap with numerous reviews and textbook chapters on the similar subject, we focus on just a few topics, such as the launching scenarios of nuclear outflows and jets that start and pre-collimate in the immediate vicinity of black holes, at distance of only a few gravitational radii, and then can reach spectacular length-scales of ∼Mpc, extending far beyond the host galaxy. We also discuss the interaction between magnetic and gravitational fields in the strong-gravity regime of General Relativity. Some more recent aspects of the AGN unification scheme are included and quite a large number of references are provided to relevant papers and textbooks at the end of the volume. The interested reader is invited to consult the original works, which can provide an exciting context to the lively research on Active Galactic Nuclei.
ER  -

KARAS, Vladimír, Jiří SVOBODA a Michal ZAJAČEK. \textit{Selected Chapters on Active Galactic Nuclei as Relativistic Systems}. Opava: Institute of Physics, Silesian University in Opava, 2021, 154 s. Lecture notes. ISBN~978-80-7510-475-5.

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