A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic
and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and
How Well?

j 2021

A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well?

LACKO, David, Tomáš PROŠEK, Jiří ČENĚK, Michaela HELÍSKOVÁ, Pavel UGWITZ et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well?

Autoři

LACKO, David, Tomáš PROŠEK, Jiří ČENĚK, Michaela HELÍSKOVÁ, Pavel UGWITZ, Vojtěch SVOBODA, Peter POČAJI, Matěj VAIS, Helena HALÍŘOVÁ, Vojtěch JUŘÍK a Čeněk ŠAŠINKA

Vydání

PsyArXiv preprints, 2021

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku (nerecenzovaný)

Obor

50100 5.1 Psychology and cognitive sciences

Stát vydavatele

Velká Británie a Severní Irsko

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL URL

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p6hr7

Klíčová slova anglicky

cognitive styles; analytic and holistic cognitive style; global and local processing; reaction times; validity; reliability; measurement

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam

Změněno: 4. 1. 2022 15:48, Mgr. David Lacko, Ph.D.

Anotace

V originále

Cognitive styles are commonly studied constructs in cognitive psychology. It can be argued that measurement of these styles in the past had significant shortcomings in validity and reliability. The theory of analytic and holistic cognitive styles followed from traditional research of cognitive styles and attempted to overcome these shortcomings. Unfortunately, the psychometric properties of its measurement methods in many cases were debatable or not reported. New statistical approaches, such as analysis of reaction times, have been reported in the recent literature but remain overlooked by current research on analytic and holistic cognitive styles. The aim of this pre-registered study was to verify the psychometric properties (i.e., factor structure, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity with intelligence and personality, and divergent, concurrent and predictive validity) of several methods routinely applied in the field. We developed/adapted six methods, and selected several types frequently applied in cognitive style research: self-report questionnaires, methods based on rod-and-frame test principles, embedded figures, and methods based on hierarchical figures. The analysis was conducted on 392 Czech participants, with two data collection waves. The results indicate that the use of self-report questionnaires and methods based on the rod-and-frame principle may be unreliable, demonstrating unsatisfactory factor structure and no absence of association with intelligence. The use of embedded and hierarchical figures is recommended. Because the concurrent and divergent validity of the methods did not correspond with the original two-dimensional theory, we formulated a new three-level hierarchical model of analytic and holistic cognitive styles which better described our empirical findings.

Návaznosti

GC19-09265J, projekt VaV

Název: Vliv sociokulturních faktorů a písma na percepci a kognici komplexních zrakových podnětů (Akronym: ISOVIS)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, The influence of socio-cultural factors and writing system on perception and cognition of complex visual stimuli

MUNI/A/1323/2020, interní kód MU

Název: Validizace metod měřících analytický a holistický kognitivní styl (Akronym: VAMEMAHKOS)

Investor: Masarykova univerzita, Validizace metod měřících analytický a holistický kognitivní styl

Citovat

LACKO, David, Tomáš PROŠEK, Jiří ČENĚK, Michaela HELÍSKOVÁ, Pavel UGWITZ, Vojtěch SVOBODA, Peter POČAJI, Matěj VAIS, Helena HALÍŘOVÁ, Vojtěch JUŘÍK a Čeněk ŠAŠINKA. A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well? PsyArXiv preprints. 2021, 93 s. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p6hr7.

@article{1816365,
   author = {Lacko, David and Prošek, Tomáš and Čeněk, Jiří and Helísková, Michaela and Ugwitz, Pavel and Svoboda, Vojtěch and Počaji, Peter and Vais, Matěj and Halířová, Helena and Juřík, Vojtěch and Šašinka, Čeněk},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p6hr7},
   keywords = {cognitive styles; analytic and holistic cognitive style; global and local processing; reaction times; validity; reliability; measurement},
   language = {eng},
   journal = {PsyArXiv preprints},
   title = {A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well?},
   url = {https://psyarxiv.com/p6hr7/},
   year = {2021}
}

TY  - JFULL
ID  - 1816365
AU  - Lacko, David - Prošek, Tomáš - Čeněk, Jiří - Helísková, Michaela - Ugwitz, Pavel - Svoboda, Vojtěch - Počaji, Peter - Vais, Matěj - Halířová, Helena - Juřík, Vojtěch - Šašinka, Čeněk
PY  - 2021
TI  - A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well?
JF  - PsyArXiv preprints
KW  - cognitive styles
KW  - analytic and holistic cognitive style
KW  - global and local processing
KW  - reaction times
KW  - validity
KW  - reliability
KW  - measurement
UR  - https://psyarxiv.com/p6hr7/
N2  - Cognitive styles are commonly studied constructs in cognitive psychology. It can be argued that measurement of these styles in the past had significant shortcomings in validity and reliability. The theory of analytic and holistic cognitive styles followed from traditional research of cognitive styles and attempted to overcome these shortcomings. Unfortunately, the psychometric properties of its measurement methods in many cases were debatable or not reported. New statistical approaches, such as analysis of reaction times, have been reported in the recent literature but remain overlooked by current research on analytic and holistic cognitive styles. The aim of this pre-registered study was to verify the psychometric properties (i.e., factor structure, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity with intelligence and personality, and divergent, concurrent and predictive validity) of several methods routinely applied in the field. We developed/adapted six methods, and selected several types frequently applied in cognitive style research: self-report questionnaires, methods based on rod-and-frame test principles, embedded figures, and methods based on hierarchical figures. The analysis was conducted on 392 Czech participants, with two data collection waves. The results indicate that the use of self-report questionnaires and methods based on the rod-and-frame principle may be unreliable, demonstrating unsatisfactory factor structure and no absence of association with intelligence. The use of embedded and hierarchical figures is recommended. Because the concurrent and divergent validity of the methods did not correspond with the original two-dimensional theory, we formulated a new three-level hierarchical model of analytic and holistic cognitive styles which better described our empirical findings.
ER  -

LACKO, David, Tomáš PROŠEK, Jiří ČENĚK, Michaela HELÍSKOVÁ, Pavel UGWITZ, Vojtěch SVOBODA, Peter POČAJI, Matěj VAIS, Helena HALÍŘOVÁ, Vojtěch JUŘÍK a Čeněk ŠAŠINKA. A Preregistered Validation Study of Methods Measuring Analytic and Holistic Cognitive Styles: What do We Actually Measure and How Well? \textit{PsyArXiv preprints}. 2021, 93 s. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p6hr7.

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