Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of
Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei)

a 2022

Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei)

BENOVICS, Michal, Farshad NEJAT PASHAKI, Jasna VUKIĆ, Radek ŠANDA, Andrea VETEŠNÍKOVÁ ŠIMKOVÁ et. al.

Basic information

Original name

Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei)

Authors

BENOVICS, Michal (703 Slovakia, belonging to the institution), Farshad NEJAT PASHAKI (364 Islamic Republic of Iran), Jasna VUKIĆ (203 Czech Republic), Radek ŠANDA (203 Czech Republic) and Andrea VETEŠNÍKOVÁ ŠIMKOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution)

Edition

XIV. Czech and Slovak Parasitological Days, 2022

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Konferenční abstrakt

Field of Study

10600 1.6 Biological sciences

Country of publisher

Czech Republic

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14310/22:00129113

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

Keywords in English

Monogenea; Dactylogyrus; Squalius; cophylogeny; phylogeography

Změněno: 12/7/2022 20:52, Mgr. Michal Benovics, Ph.D.

Abstract

V originále

One of the fundamentals of evolutionary biology is the study of host-parasite coevolutionary relationships. Due to the intertwined evolutionary history of two interacting species and the ongoing coadaptation processes of hosts and parasites we can expect that studying parasites will shed more light on the evolutionary processes of their hosts. Monogenea (ectoparasitic Platyhelminthes) and their fish hosts represent one of the best models for studying host-parasite evolutionary relationships using the cophylogenetic approach. These parasites developed remarkably high host specificity, where each host species often serves as a potential host for its own host-specific monogenean species. In the present study, we investigated the cophylogenetic relationships in the Dactylogyrus-Squalius system, as Squalius is one of the few cyprinoid genera inhabiting all four major peri-Mediterranean peninsulas. Since 2014, 29 endemic Squalius species were examined for the presence of Dactylogyrus parasites, and a total of 13 Dactylogyrus species were collected from the gills of 20 Squalius species at 28 localities in ten countries. To assess the evolutionary history in Dactylogyrus, four genetic markers, specifically, the partial 18S rRNA and partial 28S rRNA genes; and 5.8S and ITS1 regions were used for the phylogenetic analyses. To confirm the fish species identification and also obtain molecular data for fish hosts, the complete mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene was sequenced. For the cophylogenetic analyses the dual-based approach was employed: distance-based methods allowed us to calculate patristic distances for parasite and host phylogenies to assess the significance of global fit and individual coevolutionary links; and eventbased methods that allowed us to test the importance of each coevolutionary event in the host-parasite phylogenies. The phylogenetic reconstruction revealed a polyphyletic origin of Dactylogyrus species parasitizing congeneric Squalius. Based on the host specificity, these Dactylogyrus species were divided into three groups: the strict specialists parasitizing the single host species, geographic specialists parasitizing congeners in the limited geographical region, and true generalists parasitizing congeners in various geographical regions. Although the distance-based methods did not reveal statistically significant global cophylogenetic structure in the studied system, several host-parasite links among Iberian endemic species were revealed to contribute significantly to the overall structure. The highest host range, and genetic variability associated with it, were recorded in D. folkmanovae, parasitizing nine Squalius species, and D. vistulae, parasitizing 13 Squalius species. Two different dispersion mechanisms and morphological adaptations to potential fish hosts were well reflected in contrasting cophylogenetic patterns for these two generalist species in our study. While cospeciation plays the important role in diversification within D. folkmanovae with its host, D. vistulae diversification is driven mainly by the host switching.

Links

GA20-13539S, research and development project

Name: Paraziti odhalují historické a součastné kontakty kaprovitých hostitelů: role Blízkého východu v biogeografii západního Palearktu

Investor: Czech Science Foundation

Citovat

BENOVICS, Michal, Farshad NEJAT PASHAKI, Jasna VUKIĆ, Radek ŠANDA and Andrea VETEŠNÍKOVÁ ŠIMKOVÁ. Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei). In XIV. Czech and Slovak Parasitological Days. 2022.

@proceedings{1874462,
   author = {Benovics, Michal and Nejat Pashaki, Farshad and Vukić, Jasna and Šanda, Radek and Vetešníková Šimková, Andrea},
   booktitle = {XIV. Czech and Slovak Parasitological Days},
   keywords = {Monogenea; Dactylogyrus; Squalius; cophylogeny; phylogeography},
   language = {eng},
   title = {Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei)},
   year = {2022}
}

TY  - CONF
ID  - 1874462
AU  - Benovics, Michal - Nejat Pashaki, Farshad - Vukić, Jasna - Šanda, Radek - Vetešníková Šimková, Andrea
PY  - 2022
TI  - Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei)
KW  - Monogenea
KW  - Dactylogyrus
KW  - Squalius
KW  - cophylogeny
KW  - phylogeography
N2  - One of the fundamentals of evolutionary biology is the study of host-parasite coevolutionary relationships. Due to the intertwined evolutionary history of two interacting species and the ongoing coadaptation processes of hosts and parasites we can expect that studying parasites will shed more light on the evolutionary processes of their hosts. Monogenea (ectoparasitic Platyhelminthes) and their fish hosts represent one of the best models for studying host-parasite evolutionary relationships using the cophylogenetic approach. These parasites developed remarkably high host specificity, where each host species often serves as a potential host for its own host-specific monogenean species. In the present study, we investigated the cophylogenetic relationships in the Dactylogyrus-Squalius system, as Squalius is one of the few cyprinoid genera inhabiting all four major peri-Mediterranean peninsulas. Since 2014, 29 endemic Squalius species were examined for the presence of Dactylogyrus parasites, and a total of 13 Dactylogyrus species were collected from the gills of 20 Squalius species at 28 localities in ten countries. To assess the evolutionary history in Dactylogyrus, four genetic markers, specifically, the partial 18S rRNA and partial 28S rRNA genes; and 5.8S and ITS1 regions were used for the phylogenetic analyses. To confirm the fish species identification and also obtain molecular data for fish hosts, the complete mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene was sequenced. For the cophylogenetic analyses the dual-based approach was employed: distance-based methods allowed us to calculate patristic distances for parasite and host phylogenies to assess the significance of global fit and individual coevolutionary links; and eventbased methods that allowed us to test the importance of each coevolutionary event in the host-parasite phylogenies. The phylogenetic reconstruction revealed a polyphyletic origin of Dactylogyrus species parasitizing congeneric Squalius. Based on the host specificity, these Dactylogyrus species were divided into three groups: the strict specialists parasitizing the single host species, geographic specialists parasitizing congeners in the limited geographical region, and true generalists parasitizing congeners in various geographical regions. Although the distance-based methods did not reveal statistically significant global cophylogenetic structure in the studied system, several host-parasite links among Iberian endemic species were revealed to contribute significantly to the overall structure. The highest host range, and genetic variability associated with it, were recorded in D. folkmanovae, parasitizing nine Squalius species, and D. vistulae, parasitizing 13 Squalius species. Two different dispersion mechanisms and morphological adaptations to potential fish hosts were well reflected in contrasting cophylogenetic patterns for these two generalist species in our study. While cospeciation plays the important role in diversification within D. folkmanovae with its host, D. vistulae diversification is driven mainly by the host switching.
ER  -

BENOVICS, Michal, Farshad NEJAT PASHAKI, Jasna VUKI$\backslash$'C, Radek ŠANDA and Andrea VETEŠNÍKOVÁ ŠIMKOVÁ. Untangling the knots in the evolutionary history of Dactylogyrus (Monogenea) and their Squalius hosts (Cyprinoidei). In \textit{XIV. Czech and Slovak Parasitological Days}. 2022.

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