The origin and genetic history of the Avars

C 2022

The origin and genetic history of the Avars

TRAVERSO, Luca, Guido Alberto GNECCHI-RUSCONE, Alina Naomi HISS, Alexander HERBIG, Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

The origin and genetic history of the Avars

Autoři

TRAVERSO, Luca (380 Itálie), Guido Alberto GNECCHI-RUSCONE (380 Itálie), Alina Naomi HISS (276 Německo), Alexander HERBIG (276 Německo), Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ (203 Česká republika, garant, domácí) a Johannes KRAUSE (276 Německo)

Vydání

Halle (Saale), Grenzüberschreitungen – Reiternomaden in Mitteleuropa, ihre östlichen Wurzeln und Verbindungen = Crossing boundaries – Mounted nomads in Central Europe, their eastern roots and connections, od s. 120-132, 13 s. Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle 25, 2022

Nakladatel

Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte.

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Kapitola resp. kapitoly v odborné knize

Obor

60102 Archaeology

Stát vydavatele

Německo

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Forma vydání

tištěná verze "print"

Odkazy

URL URL

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14210/22:00129350

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

ISBN

978-3-948618-44-5

Klíčová slova anglicky

nomads; Avars; archaeology; archaeogenetics; interdisciplinarity

Štítky

rivok

Změněno: 20. 2. 2023 16:23, Mgr. Zuzana Matulíková

Anotace

V originále

Archaeological finds and limited historical evidence suggest that multiple ethnic groups inhabited the central European Carpathian Basin during late Antiquity and the early medie- val period. The origins and impact on later populations of many of these groups remain largely unknown. Some of them are thought to have had central- or east-Asian origins and to have migrated to Europe from the Eurasian steppe, among them the Huns and the Avars. The latter occupied the region for over 200 years, establishing the Avar Khaganate (king- dom) around 568. Some historical sources connect the Avars with the east-Asian Rouran Khaganate, which dominated the eastern Mongolian steppe from the 4th–6th centuries. Others, however, suggest that the Avars were merely a loose federa- tion of individuals of eastern European and central Asian descent. In this study we present genome-wide data obtained from the remains of 66 individuals from the Carpathian Basin during this period, including the occupants of some of the richest burials in the khaganate and other elite Avar graves from its core region. We found that the genetic material from the majority of elite individuals differentiated them from the 5th and 6th century local population that preceded the Avars. Almost all the elite individuals carried a high proportion of east-Asian ancestry, for which the best matches are found in the limited available genomic data from Rouran Culture and related individuals previously published. Some individuals carried a small amount of more recent central-Asian and eastern-European ancestry. The majority of the elite individu- als, however, lacked local genetic ancestry, suggesting limited genetic admixture with the local population. Overall, the results indicated that the early medieval Avars were of recent east-Asian origin that dates to the mid-1st milenium and had migrated rapidly across Eurasia within a few generations.

Návaznosti

GX21-17092X, projekt VaV

Název: Vznik multietnické komplexní společnosti na raně středověké Moravě. Teorie kolektivního jednání a interdisciplinární přístup (Akronym: Formation)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, The Formation of Multi-ethnic Complex Societies in Early Medieval Moravia. Collective Action Theory and Interdisciplinary Approach

Citovat

TRAVERSO, Luca, Guido Alberto GNECCHI-RUSCONE, Alina Naomi HISS, Alexander HERBIG, Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ a Johannes KRAUSE. The origin and genetic history of the Avars. In Meller, Harald; Daim, Falko. Grenzüberschreitungen – Reiternomaden in Mitteleuropa, ihre östlichen Wurzeln und Verbindungen = Crossing boundaries – Mounted nomads in Central Europe, their eastern roots and connections. Halle (Saale): Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte., 2022, s. 120-132. Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle 25. ISBN 978-3-948618-44-5.

@inbook{2246667,
   author = {Traverso, Luca and GnecchiandRuscone, Guido Alberto and Hiß, Alina Naomi and Herbig, Alexander and Hofmanová, Zuzana and Krause, Johannes},
   address = {Halle (Saale)},
   booktitle = {Grenzüberschreitungen – Reiternomaden in Mitteleuropa, ihre östlichen Wurzeln und Verbindungen = Crossing boundaries – Mounted nomads in Central Europe, their eastern roots and connections},
   editor = {Meller, Harald; Daim, Falko},
   keywords = {nomads; Avars; archaeology; archaeogenetics; interdisciplinarity},
   howpublished = {tištěná verze "print"},
   language = {eng},
   location = {Halle (Saale)},
   isbn = {978-3-948618-44-5},
   pages = {120-132},
   publisher = {Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte.},
   title = {The origin and genetic history of the Avars},
   url = {https://pure.mpg.de/pubman/faces/ViewItemOverviewPage.jsp?itemId=item_3484148},
   year = {2022}
}

TY  - CHAP
ID  - 2246667
AU  - Traverso, Luca - Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto - Hiß, Alina Naomi - Herbig, Alexander - Hofmanová, Zuzana - Krause, Johannes
PY  - 2022
TI  - The origin and genetic history of the Avars
VL  - Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle 25
PB  - Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte.
CY  - Halle (Saale)
SN  - 9783948618445
KW  - nomads
KW  - Avars
KW  - archaeology
KW  - archaeogenetics
KW  - interdisciplinarity
UR  - https://pure.mpg.de/pubman/faces/ViewItemOverviewPage.jsp?itemId=item_3484148
N2  - Archaeological finds and limited historical evidence suggest that multiple ethnic groups inhabited the central European Carpathian Basin during late Antiquity and the early medie- val period. The origins and impact on later populations of many of these groups remain largely unknown. Some of them are thought to have had central- or east-Asian origins and to have migrated to Europe from the Eurasian steppe, among them the Huns and the Avars. The latter occupied the region for over 200 years, establishing the Avar Khaganate (king- dom) around 568. Some historical sources connect the Avars with the east-Asian Rouran Khaganate, which dominated the eastern Mongolian steppe from the 4th–6th centuries. Others, however, suggest that the Avars were merely a loose federa- tion of individuals of eastern European and central Asian descent. In this study we present genome-wide data obtained from the remains of 66 individuals from the Carpathian Basin during this period, including the occupants of some of the richest burials in the khaganate and other elite Avar graves from its core region. We found that the genetic material from the majority of elite individuals differentiated them from the 5th and 6th century local population that preceded the Avars. Almost all the elite individuals carried a high proportion of east-Asian ancestry, for which the best matches are found in the limited available genomic data from Rouran Culture and related individuals previously published. Some individuals carried a small amount of more recent central-Asian and eastern-European ancestry. The majority of the elite individu- als, however, lacked local genetic ancestry, suggesting limited genetic admixture with the local population. Overall, the results indicated that the early medieval Avars were of recent east-Asian origin that dates to the mid-1st milenium and had migrated rapidly across Eurasia within a few generations.
ER  -

TRAVERSO, Luca, Guido Alberto GNECCHI-RUSCONE, Alina Naomi HISS, Alexander HERBIG, Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ a Johannes KRAUSE. The origin and genetic history of the Avars. In Meller, Harald; Daim, Falko. \textit{Grenzüberschreitungen – Reiternomaden in Mitteleuropa, ihre östlichen Wurzeln und Verbindungen = Crossing boundaries – Mounted nomads in Central Europe, their eastern roots and connections}. Halle (Saale): Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologie Sachsen-Anhalt, Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte., 2022, s.~120-132. Tagungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte Halle 25. ISBN~978-3-948618-44-5.

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