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@article{2371521, author = {Veselý, Lukáš and Zavacka, Kamila and Štůsek, Radim and Olbert, Martin and Nedela, Vilem and Shalaev, Evgenyi and Heger, Dominik}, article_location = {AMSTERDAM}, article_number = {JAN}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123691}, keywords = {Freezing; Lyophilization; Methylene blue; Ice morphology; Secondary ice; Freeze-concentrated solution}, language = {eng}, issn = {0378-5173}, journal = {International Journal of Pharmaceutics}, title = {Impact of secondary ice in a frozen NaCl freeze-concentrated solution on the extent of methylene blue aggregation}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517323011134?via%3Dihub}, volume = {650}, year = {2024} }
TY - JOUR ID - 2371521 AU - Veselý, Lukáš - Zavacka, Kamila - Štůsek, Radim - Olbert, Martin - Nedela, Vilem - Shalaev, Evgenyi - Heger, Dominik PY - 2024 TI - Impact of secondary ice in a frozen NaCl freeze-concentrated solution on the extent of methylene blue aggregation JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics VL - 650 IS - JAN SP - 123691 EP - 123691 PB - ELSEVIER SN - 03785173 KW - Freezing KW - Lyophilization KW - Methylene blue KW - Ice morphology KW - Secondary ice KW - Freeze-concentrated solution UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378517323011134?via%3Dihub N2 - Freezing and lyophilization have been utilized for decades to stabilize pharmaceutical and food products. Freezing a solution that contains dissolved salt and/or organic matter produces pure primary ice crystal grains separated by freeze-concentrated solutions (FCS). The microscopic size of the primary ice crystals depends on the cooling conditions and the concentration of the solutes. It is generally accepted that primary ice crystals size influences the rate of sublimation and also can impact physico-chemical behaviour of the species in the FCS. This article, however, presents a case where the secondary ice formed inside the FCS plays a critical role. We microscoped the structures of ice-cast FCS with an environmental scanning electron microscope and applied the aggregation-sensitive spectroscopic probe methylene blue to determine how the microstructure affects the mo-lecular arrangement. We show that slow cooling at-50 degrees C produces large salt crystals with a small specific surface, resulting in a high degree of molecular aggregation within the FCS. In contrast, fast liquid nitrogen cooling yields an ultrafine structure of salt crystals having a large specific surface area and, therefore, inducing smaller aggregation. The study highlights a critical role of secondary ice in solute aggregation and introduces methylene blue as a molecular probe to investigate freezing behaviour of aqueous systems with crystalline solute. ER -
VESELÝ, Lukáš, Kamila ZAVACKA, Radim ŠTŮSEK, Martin OLBERT, Vilem NEDELA, Evgenyi SHALAEV a Dominik HEGER. Impact of secondary ice in a frozen NaCl freeze-concentrated solution on the extent of methylene blue aggregation. \textit{International Journal of Pharmaceutics}. AMSTERDAM: ELSEVIER, 2024, roč.~650, JAN, s.~123691-123700. ISSN~0378-5173. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123691.
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