The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint
Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance

J 2024

The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance

GREGOROVÁ, Růžena a Dana STEHLÍKOVÁ

Základní údaje

Originální název

The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance

Název česky

Ropuší kámen (zub rodu Scheenstia) na relikviáři sv. Maura na zámku v Bečově nad Teplou (ČR) a jeho význam

Autoři

GREGOROVÁ, Růžena a Dana STEHLÍKOVÁ

Vydání

Revue de Paleobiologie, Route de Malagnou, 2024, 0253-6730

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10732333

Klíčová slova česky

ropuší zub; kameny organického původu; gemologie; fosilní rybí zub; Scheenstia; relikvář sv. Maura; cášská koruna; zámek Bečov nad Teplou; opatství Florennes; středověké encyklopedie

Klíčová slova anglicky

Toad stone; organic gem; gemology; fossil fish tooth; Scheenstia; reliquary of Saint Maurus; Aachen crown; Bečov nad Teplou Castle; Florennes Abbey; medieval encyclopedias

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 15. 3. 2024 20:29, doc. Mgr. Dana Stehlíková, Ph.D.

Anotace

V originále

The paper deals with the oldest evidence of the use of the Scheenstia tooth (Mesozoic lepisosteiform fish) as part of the gem decoration on the early 13th-century reliquary of St. Maurus kept at Bečov nad Teplou Castle (Czech Republic). Since the Middle Ages, these teeth have been thought to be toad stones found in the heads of toads. Until the discovery of the toad stone on the reliquary of St. Maurus, no tangible evidence relating to this stone from this period was known. The discovery of a fossil tooth on such an important sacred art object was preceded by a similar discovery of two teeth on the imperial crown dated to the 14th century and held in the Aachen Cathedral Treasury. Color variations of about 500 pieces of teeth from more than 24 European localities were studied to find out how the color of teeth differs both within one locality and between individual localities. The goal was to understand whether it is possible to determine the provenance of teeth set as part of gem decoration in the Reliquary of St. Maurus and in the crown on the bust of Charlemagne in Aachen. In addition, a comparison of the colors of toad stones from the most important medieval sources with fossil Scheenstia teeth is discussed. Not all toad stones described in medieval literature can be identified with fossil teeth.

Citovat

GREGOROVÁ, Růžena a Dana STEHLÍKOVÁ. The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance. Revue de Paleobiologie. Route de Malagnou, 2024, roč. 43, č. 1, s. 35-43. ISSN 0253-6730. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10732333.

@article{2384478,
   author = {Gregorová, Růžena and Stehlíková, Dana},
   article_number = {1},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10732333},
   keywords = {Toad stone; organic gem; gemology; fossil fish tooth; Scheenstia; reliquary of Saint Maurus; Aachen crown; Bečov nad Teplou Castle; Florennes Abbey; medieval encyclopedias},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0253-6730},
   journal = {Revue de Paleobiologie},
   title = {The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance},
   volume = {43},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2384478
AU  - Gregorová, Růžena - Stehlíková, Dana
PY  - 2024
TI  - The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance
JF  - Revue de Paleobiologie
VL  - 43
IS  - 1
SP  - 35-43
EP  - 35-43
PB  - Route de Malagnou
SN  - 02536730
KW  - Toad stone
KW  - organic gem
KW  - gemology
KW  - fossil fish tooth
KW  - Scheenstia
KW  - reliquary of Saint Maurus
KW  - Aachen crown
KW  - Bečov nad Teplou Castle
KW  - Florennes Abbey
KW  - medieval encyclopedias
N2  - The paper deals with the oldest evidence of the use of the Scheenstia tooth (Mesozoic lepisosteiform fish) as part of the gem decoration on the early 13th-century reliquary of St. Maurus kept at Bečov nad Teplou Castle (Czech Republic). Since the Middle Ages, these teeth have been thought to be toad stones found in the heads of toads. Until the discovery of the toad stone on the reliquary of St. Maurus, no tangible evidence relating to this stone from this period was known. The discovery of a fossil tooth on such an important sacred art object was preceded by a similar discovery of two teeth on the imperial crown dated to the 14th century and held in the Aachen Cathedral Treasury. Color variations of about 500 pieces of teeth from more than 24 European localities were studied to find out how the color of teeth differs both within one locality and between individual localities. The goal was to understand whether it is possible to determine the provenance of teeth set as part of gem decoration in the Reliquary of St. Maurus and in the crown on the bust of Charlemagne in Aachen. In addition, a comparison of the colors of toad stones from the most important medieval sources with fossil Scheenstia teeth is discussed. Not all toad stones described in medieval literature can be identified with fossil teeth.
ER  -

GREGOROVÁ, Růžena a Dana STEHLÍKOVÁ. The toad stone (Scheenstia tooth) on the reliquary of Saint Maurus at Bečov Castle (Czech Republic) and its significance. \textit{Revue de Paleobiologie}. Route de Malagnou, 2024, roč.~43, č.~1, s.~35-43. ISSN~0253-6730. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10732333.

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