From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of
Space Debris as a Weapon

D 2024

From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon

BLECHOVÁ, Anna, Jakub HARAŠTA a František KASL

Základní údaje

Originální název

From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon

Autoři

BLECHOVÁ, Anna (203 Česká republika, garant, domácí), Jakub HARAŠTA (203 Česká republika, domácí) a František KASL (203 Česká republika, domácí)

Vydání

1. vyd. Tallinn, 2024 16th International Conference on Cyber Conflict: Over the Horizon, od s. 263-279, 17 s. 2024

Nakladatel

NATO CCDCOE Publications

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Stať ve sborníku

Obor

50501 Law

Stát vydavatele

Estonsko

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Forma vydání

tištěná verze "print"

Odkazy

Repozitář MU

Organizační jednotka

Právnická fakulta

ISBN

978-9916-9789-4-8

Klíčová slova anglicky

space debris; weapons; outer space; responsibility; liability; Article 36 of Aditional Protocol I

Štítky

rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 4. 11. 2024 11:06, JUDr. Mgr. Jakub Harašta, Ph.D.

Anotace

V originále

Outer space represents an emerging and rapidly evolving domain that, until now, has remained free from armed conflicts. However, the stark reality is that the prospect of an arms race in space is no longer confined to dystopian imagination. This change in the environmental factual circumstances is substantiated by NATO’s formal recognition of space as an operational domain and the renewed calls for a Treaty to Prevent an Arms Race in Space. Additionally, the symbolic characterization of space as the ‘final frontier’, as numerous scholars have described it, highlights the urgent need for analysis of the potential weaponization of the outer space domain. Various potential weapons could be deployed in outer space. However, the primary objective of this paper is to investigate whether space debris in the highly commercialized and overpopulated Low Earth Orbit (LEO) could be weaponized. The example we focus on relates to the Kessler Syndrome and space debris generated by the use of (cyber) weapons. The central message of this paper is that the potential triggering of Kessler Syndrome by creating space debris using space weapons should be considered an internationally wrongful act. Therefore, it should be taken into account during weapons reviews under Article 36 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (API). Moreover, the paper concludes that, in the context of the examined scenario and the rise of private entities within the space sector, it is also necessary to re-evaluate the legal framework regarding liability and responsibility in outer space as it relates to the triggering of the Kessler Syndrome.

Přiložené soubory

CyCon_2024_Blechova_Harasta_Kas1.pdf

Požádat o autorskou verzi souboru

Citovat

BLECHOVÁ, Anna, Jakub HARAŠTA a František KASL. From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon. In C. Kwan, L. Lindström, D. Giovannelli, K. Podinš, D. Štrucl. 2024 16th International Conference on Cyber Conflict: Over the Horizon. 1. vyd. Tallinn: NATO CCDCOE Publications, 2024, s. 263-279. ISBN 978-9916-9789-4-8.

@inproceedings{2405537,
   author = {Blechová, Anna and Harašta, Jakub and Kasl, František},
   address = {Tallinn},
   booktitle = {2024 16th International Conference on Cyber Conflict: Over the Horizon},
   edition = {1},
   editor = {C. Kwan, L. Lindström, D. Giovannelli, K. Podinš, D. Štrucl},
   keywords = {space debris; weapons; outer space; responsibility; liability; Article 36 of Aditional Protocol I},
   howpublished = {tištěná verze "print"},
   language = {eng},
   location = {Tallinn},
   isbn = {978-9916-9789-4-8},
   pages = {263-279},
   publisher = {NATO CCDCOE Publications},
   title = {From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon},
   url = {https://is.muni.cz/publication/2405537/cs},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2405537
AU  - Blechová, Anna - Harašta, Jakub - Kasl, František
PY  - 2024
TI  - From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon
PB  - NATO CCDCOE Publications
CY  - Tallinn
SN  - 9789916978948
KW  - space debris
KW  - weapons
KW  - outer space
KW  - responsibility
KW  - liability
KW  - Article 36 of Aditional Protocol I
UR  - https://is.muni.cz/publication/2405537/cs
N2  - Outer space represents an emerging and rapidly evolving domain that, until now, has remained free from armed conflicts. However, the stark reality is that the prospect of an arms race in space is no longer confined to dystopian imagination. This change in the environmental factual circumstances is substantiated by NATO’s formal recognition of space as an operational domain and the renewed calls for a Treaty to Prevent an Arms Race in Space. Additionally, the symbolic characterization of space as the ‘final frontier’, as numerous scholars have described it, highlights the urgent need for analysis of the potential weaponization of the outer space domain. Various potential weapons could be deployed in outer space. However, the primary objective of this paper is to investigate whether space debris in the highly commercialized and overpopulated Low Earth Orbit (LEO) could be weaponized. The example we focus on relates to the Kessler Syndrome and space debris generated by the use of (cyber) weapons. The central message of this paper is that the potential triggering of Kessler Syndrome by creating space debris using space weapons should be considered an internationally wrongful act. Therefore, it should be taken into account during weapons reviews under Article 36 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (API). Moreover, the paper concludes that, in the context of the examined scenario and the rise of private entities within the space sector, it is also necessary to re-evaluate the legal framework regarding liability and responsibility in outer space as it relates to the triggering of the Kessler Syndrome.
ER  -

BLECHOVÁ, Anna, Jakub HARAŠTA a František KASL. From Space Debris to Space Weaponry: A Legal Examination of Space Debris as a Weapon. In C. Kwan, L. Lindström, D. Giovannelli, K. Podinš, D. Štrucl. \textit{2024 16th International Conference on Cyber Conflict: Over the Horizon}. 1. vyd. Tallinn: NATO CCDCOE Publications, 2024, s.~263-279. ISBN~978-9916-9789-4-8.

Podrobný výpis o publikaci