Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome

@article{2418608,
   author = {Červeňák, Vladimír and Všianský, Vít and Cviková, Martina and Brichta, Jaroslav and Vinklárek, Jan and Štefela, Jakub and Haršány, Michal and Hajek, Michal and Herzig, Roman and Kouril, David and Barkova, Veronika and Filip, Pavel and Aulicky, Petr and Weiss, Viktor},
   article_location = {Lausanne},
   article_number = {June 2024},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006},
   keywords = {air embolism; cerebral embolism; cerebral stroke; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; neurological emergency},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1664-2295},
   journal = {Frontiers in Neurology},
   title = {Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome},
   url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006/full},
   volume = {15},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2418608
AU  - Červeňák, Vladimír - Všianský, Vít - Cviková, Martina - Brichta, Jaroslav - Vinklárek, Jan - Štefela, Jakub - Haršány, Michal - Hajek, Michal - Herzig, Roman - Kouril, David - Barkova, Veronika - Filip, Pavel - Aulicky, Petr - Weiss, Viktor
PY  - 2024
TI  - Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome
JF  - Frontiers in Neurology
VL  - 15
IS  - June 2024
SP  - 1-11
EP  - 1-11
PB  - Frontiers
SN  - 16642295
KW  - air embolism
KW  - cerebral embolism
KW  - cerebral stroke
KW  - hyperbaric oxygen therapy
KW  - neurological emergency
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006/full
N2  - Background Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is an uncommon medical emergency with a potentially fatal course. We have retrospectively analyzed a set of patients treated with CAE at our comprehensive stroke center and a hyperbaric medicine center. An overview of the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of CAE is provided.Results We retrospectively identified 11 patients with cerebral venous and arterial air emboli that highlight the diversity in etiologies, manifestations, and disease courses encountered clinically. Acute-onset stroke syndrome and a progressive impairment of consciousness were the two most common presentations in four patients each (36%). Two patients (18%) suffered from an acute-onset coma, and one (9%) was asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBTO), high-flow oxygen therapy without HBOT was started in two patients (18%), two patients (18%) were in critical care at the time of diagnosis and three (27%) received no additional treatment. CAE was fatal in five cases (46%), caused severe disability in two (18%), mild disability in three (27%), and a single patient had no lasting deficit (9%).Conclusion Cerebral air embolism is a dangerous condition that necessitates high clinical vigilance. Due to its diverse presentation, the diagnosis can be missed or delayed in critically ill patients and result in long-lasting or fatal neurological complications. Preventative measures and a proper diagnostic and treatment approach reduce CAE's incidence and impact.
ER  - 

ČERVEŇÁK, Vladimír, Vít VŠIANSKÝ, Martina CVIKOVÁ, Jaroslav BRICHTA, Jan VINKLÁREK, Jakub ŠTEFELA, Michal HARŠÁNY, Michal HAJEK, Roman HERZIG, David KOURIL, Veronika BARKOVA, Pavel FILIP, Petr AULICKY a Viktor WEISS. Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome. \textit{Frontiers in Neurology}. Lausanne: Frontiers, 2024, roč.~15, June 2024, s.~1-11. ISSN~1664-2295. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006.