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@article{710981,
author = {DavyandBowker, John and Clark, Ralph T. and Johnson, Richard K and Kokes, Jiri and Murphy, John F. and Zahrádková, Světlana},
article_number = {566},
keywords = {reference condition; physical typology; RIVPACS; SWEPAC(SRI); PERLA},
language = {eng},
issn = {0018-8158},
journal = {Hydrobiologia},
title = {A comparison of the European Water Framework Directive physical typology and RIVPACS-type models as alternative methods of establishing reference conditions for benthic macroinvertebrates},
volume = {Neuveden.},
year = {2006}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 710981
AU - Davy-Bowker, John - Clark, Ralph T. - Johnson, Richard K - Kokes, Jiri - Murphy, John F. - Zahrádková, Světlana
PY - 2006
TI - A comparison of the European Water Framework Directive physical typology and RIVPACS-type models as alternative methods of establishing reference conditions for benthic macroinvertebrates
JF - Hydrobiologia
VL - Neuveden.
IS - 566
SP - 91-105
EP - 91-105
SN - 00188158
KW - reference condition
KW - physical typology
KW - RIVPACS
KW - SWEPAC(SRI)
KW - PERLA
N2 - The EU Water Framework Directive requires European Union Member States to establish 'type-specific biological reference conditions' for streams and rivers. Types can be defined by using either a fixed typology (System-A), defined by ecoregions and categories of altitude, catchment area and geology, or by means of an alternative characterisation (System-B) that can use a variety of physical and chemical factors. Several European countries also have existing RIVPACS-type models that give site (rather than stream type) specific predictions of benthic macroinvertebrate communities. In this paper we compare the Water Framework Directive (WFD) System-A physical typology and three existing European multivariate RIVPACS-type models as alternative methods of establishing reference conditions. This work is carried out in Great Britain - using RIVPACS, Sweden - using SWEPAC(SRI) and the Czech Republic - using PERLA. We found that in all three countries, all seasons and season combinations, and for all biotic indices tested, RIVPACS-type models were more effective (lower standard deviations of O/E ratios) than models based solely on the WFD System-A variables or null models (based on a single expectation for all sites). We also investigated the explanatory power of whole groups of WFD System-A variables and RIVPACS-type model variables, and the explanatory power of individual variables. We found that variables used in the RIVPACS-type models were often better correlates of macroinvertebrate community variation than the WFD System-A variables. We conclude that this is primarily because while the latter use very broad categories of map-derived variables, the former are based on continuous variables selected for their ecological significance.
ER -
DAVY-BOWKER, John, Ralph T. CLARK, Richard K JOHNSON, Jiri KOKES, John F. MURPHY and Světlana ZAHRÁDKOVÁ. A comparison of the European Water Framework Directive physical typology and RIVPACS-type models as alternative methods of establishing reference conditions for benthic macroinvertebrates. \textit{Hydrobiologia}. 2006, Neuveden., No~566, p.~91-105. ISSN~0018-8158.
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