Genome size in Cyperaceae

BUREŠ, Petr, František ZEDEK, Petr ŠMARDA, Olga ROTREKLOVÁ and Ivana HRALOVÁ. Genome size in Cyperaceae. In The Comparative Biology of the Monocotyledons. 2008. ISBN 978-87-87772-03-7.

Basic information

• Original name: Genome size in Cyperaceae
• Name in Czech: Velikost genomu u šáchorovitých
• Authors: BUREŠ, Petr (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution), František ZEDEK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Petr ŠMARDA (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Olga ROTREKLOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Ivana HRALOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution).
• Edition: The Comparative Biology of the Monocotyledons, 2008.

Other information

• Original language: English
• Type of outcome: Conference abstract
• Field of Study: 10600 1.6 Biological sciences
• Country of publisher: Denmark
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14310/08:00024944
• Organization unit: Faculty of Science
• ISBN: 978-87-87772-03-7
• Keywords in English: base composition; Carex; chromosome size; Eleocharis; polyploidy
• Tags: base composition, Carex, chromosome size, Eleocharis, polyploidy
• Tags: International impact

Abstract

In Cyperaceae the detection of polyploidy is complicated by chromosomal fusion and fragmentation (symploidy and agmatoploidy) due to holokinetic nature of chromosomes. Studying karyotype and genome size in Cyperaceae, we combined molecular methods, flow cytometry, and chromosome counts in Carex and Eleocharis. These genera are contrasting in number of species, evolutionary centres, ecological diversification, but mainly in genome size and chromosome size variation, which is in Eleocharis one of the largest known among angiosperm genera (from 8.1 to 296 Mbp). We analysed the following genomic parameters: genome size, chromosome number, chromosome size, AT/GC composition, Ty3-gypsy and Ty1-copia retrotransposons diversity and amount. Evolutionary dynamics of these species-specific parameters mapped onto phylogeny based on molecular sequence markers (ITS, trnL-F) was used for the evaluation of the role of: polyploidy, agmatoploidy, symploidy, and retrotransposon amplification or removal.

Abstract (in Czech)

V čeledi Cyperaceae je detekce polyploidie komplikovaná chromosomálními fúzemi a fragmentacemi (symploidie a agmatoploidie) v důsledku holokineticé povahy chromosomů. Studujíc karyotyp velikost genomu u Cyperaceae, jsme kombinovali molekulární metody, flow cytometrii a počítání chromosomů u Carex a Eleocharis. Tyto rody kontrastují počtem druhů, evolučními centry, ekologickou diversifikací, ale hlavně variabilitou velikostí genomu a chromosomů, která je u Eleocharis jedna z největších mezi rody krytosemenných rostlin (od 8.1 do 296 Mbp). Analyzovali jsme genomické parametry: velikost genomu, počet chromosomů, velikost chromosomů, AT/GC poměr, Ty3-gypsy a Ty1-copia retrotransposonovou diversitu a množství. Evoluční dynamika těchto druhopvě specifických parametrů mapovaná na fylogenetické vztahy, vycházející ze sekvenčních markerů (ITS, trnL-F) byla použita pro zhodnocení role polyploidie, agmatoploidie, symploidie, a retrotransposonové aktivity.

Links

• GP206/08/P222, research and development project: Name: Evoluce GC obsahu a genomu trav

Investor: Czech Science Foundation, GC content and genome evolution of grasses

• LC06073, research and development project: Name: Centrum pro výzkum biodiverzity

Investor: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the CR, Biodiversity Research Center

• MSM0021622416, plan (intention): Name: Diverzita biotických společenstev a populací: kauzální analýza variability v prostoru a čase

Investor: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the CR, Diversity of Biotic Communities and Populations: Causal Analysis of variation in space and time