This bachelor thesis will deal with the Scottish way towards current situation when a referendum about Scottish independence has been approved and is planned for the year 2014. On the base of historical events and historical development the thesis will focus on the reasons of nowadays situation. It will mainly deal with the modern development in the second half of the twentieth century and the current situation. The main aim of the thesis is to provide an overall development of relations between Scotland and England, analyse the political representation of the idea of Scottish autonomy/independence, and explore important milestones in the relation between Scotland and the UK. The thesis will deal with very up-to-date question of the referendum in 2014. Content: 1) The Outline of Historical Development till 1707 - 1945 2) Development in the years 1945 - 1999 2.1. Scottish party system - Scottish National Party 3) From Devolution to Referendum 3.1. Devolution and its effect 3.2. The discussion about referendum 4) Current situation