PřF:C5440 Separation Methods - Course Information
C5440 Separation Methods
Faculty of ScienceAutumn 2024
- Extent and Intensity
- 1/0/0. 1 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Recommended Type of Completion: zk (examination). Other types of completion: k (colloquium).
- Teacher(s)
- doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc. (lecturer)
- Guaranteed by
- doc. RNDr. Ctibor Mazal, CSc.
Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science
Supplier department: Department of Chemistry – Chemistry Section – Faculty of Science - Timetable
- Wed 10:00–10:50 A08/309
- Course Enrolment Limitations
- The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
- fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
- there are 11 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
- Course objectives
- Main objectives can be summarized as follows: Fundamentals and practice of basic separation methods used in organic chemistry (crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction, etc.) with focus on chromatographic methods; membrane separation processes and electromigration methods are mentioned as well.
- Learning outcomes
- After accomplishing the course students will be able:
- to understand and explain principles of the separation methods frequently used in organic chemistry in particular (e.g. GC, LC, HPLC, TLC and their modifications, crystallization, distillation, sublimation, extraction and electromigration methods);
- to choose appropriate separation method for solution of common analytical or preparative problems;
- to apply the knowledge obtained for setting basic parameters of the mentioned methods for development of simple procedures for sample separation. - Syllabus
- 1. Chromatography. Introduction, general theory and concepts. Main theoretical models. Retention equation, plate theory and kinetic theory. Elution ratio and resolution.
- 2. Gas chromatography. Van Deemter equation. GC techniques, block scheme of GC instruments. Carrier gas, sample injection, chomatographic columns, stationary phase. Enantioselective GC.
- 3. Main methods of GC detection. Flame Ionization Detector (FID), Thermal conductivity detector (TCD), Electron Capture Detector (ECD), GC-MS coupling.
- 4. Gas chromatography. Qualitative analysis, information from elution data, retention indexes (Kovats etc.). Selective detection. Quantitative analysis, calibration methods.
- 5. Liquid chromatography. Basic principles. Column chromatography, flash chromatography - main techniques, column preparation, detection, stationary phases. Planar chromatography - paper chromatography and TLC.
- 6. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Block scheme of HPLC instrument. Mobile phase, pumps, degassing, gradient elution. Sample injection, HPLC columns, stationary phases. Enantioselective HPLC. HPLC detection - UV-Vis and fluorescence detectors, refractive index detector, evaporative light scattering detector. Chiroptical detection.
- 7. Ion exchange, gel permeation (size exclusion) and affinity chromatography. Ionexchangers and ion equilibria in IEC. Stationary phases and retention in SEC (GPC). Basic principles of affinity chromatography.
- 8. Sample preparation in chromatographic analysis. Derivatisation methods.
- 9. Extraction. Countercurrent extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction. MW assisted extraction.
- 10. Distillation. Basic principles. Rectification. Plate theory, distillation columns. Vacuum distillation, molecular distillation. Steam distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation.
- 11. Crystallisation. Crystallisation from solution - nucleation and crystal growth. Crystallisation from melt. Resolution by means of crystallisation.
- 12. Sublimation. Sublimation techniques - gradient sublimation, lyophylization.
- 13. Electromigration separation methods. Basic principles, ion mobility, transport processes. Tiselius electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis. Isotachophoresis. SDS-PAGE.
- 14. Membrane permeation separation. Dialysis. Osmosis. Reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration.
- Literature
- SOJÁK, Ladislav. Separačné metódy v organickej chémii. 1. vyd. Bratislava: Univerzita Komenského, 1985, 240 s. info
- CHURÁČEK, Jaroslav. Analytická separace látek. 1. vyd. Praha: Státní nakladatelství technické literatury, 1990, 384 s. ISBN 80-03-00569-8. info
- POOLE, Colin F. and Salwa K. POOLE. Chromatography today. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1991, 1026 s. ISBN 0-444-89161-7. info
- Kolektiv., Moderní separační metody, ČSAV Praha 1988.
- Teaching methods
- Lectures
- Assessment methods
- Oral exam
- Language of instruction
- Czech
- Follow-Up Courses
- Further Comments
- The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is taught annually.
- Enrolment Statistics (recent)
- Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/autumn2024/C5440