Bi9020 Evolutionary and comparative plant cytogenetics

Faculty of Science
Autumn 2007 - for the purpose of the accreditation
Extent and Intensity
2/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. Mgr. Martin Lysák, Ph.D., DSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Jiří Fajkus, CSc.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Contact Person: prof. Mgr. Martin Lysák, Ph.D., DSc.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
there are 7 fields of study the course is directly associated with, display
Syllabus (in Czech)
  • 1. Sto let rostlinne cytogenetiky. Morganismus versus lysenkismus. Odhaleni role chromosomu a DNA molekuly. Vzestup a pad cytotaxonomie rostlin. Molekularni cytogenetika a fylogenomika. 2. Velikost genomu rostlin. Paradox a enigma C-hodnoty. Evolucni role a biologicky vyznam nekodujici DNA (retroelementy, tandemove repetice aj.). Genomova obezita a co s ni. Velikost genomu ve vztahu k fyziologii, ekogeografii a fylogenezi rostlin. Evoluce velikosti genomu. 3. Chromatin a jeho typy. Heterochromatin a repetitivni DNA. Heterochromatin a chromosomy. Modifikace chromatinu, epigenetika. 4. Struktura a morfologie chromosomů; modely. Typy chromosomu (autosomy, B chromosomy, pohlavni chromosomy). Pocet chromosomu, cisla n a x evolucni analyza. Karyotyp a jeho evoluce. Cytotaxonomie ve vztahu k fylogenezi rostlin. 5. Genove duplikace, duplikace velkych useku DNA. Genomove duplikace: polyploidie a paleopolyploidie. Typy polyploidie. Hybridizace, polyploidie a speciace. Diploidizace. Apomixe. Polyploidní komplexy. 6. Meiosa a jeji prubeh. Geneticka rekombinace, crossing-over. Chromosomove mutace (translokace, inverze, delece aj.). Fixace chromosomovych mutaci a jejich evolucni role. Permanentni heterozygoti. Aneuploidie. Meiosa u polyploidu. 7. Definice druhu. Role karyotypovych a chromosomovych zmen ve speciaci. Chromosomove mutace a reprodukcni bariery. Rekombinacni speciace. 8. Geneticke a fyzicke mapovani genomu. Genomova a chromosomalni kolinearita a syntenie. Sekvenovani rostlinnych genomu. Komparativni fylogenomika rostlin. 9. Cytogenetika a molekularni fylogeneze rostlin. Budoucnost a perspektivy rostlinne cytogenetiky. Evolucni cytogenetika v ere post-genomiky.
Language of instruction
English
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2010 - only for the accreditation, Autumn 2006, Autumn 2007, Autumn 2008, Autumn 2009, Autumn 2010, Autumn 2011, Autumn 2011 - acreditation, Autumn 2012.