Bi8021 Genetics of Microorganisms

Faculty of Science
Spring 2009
Extent and Intensity
2/0. 2 credit(s) (fasci plus compl plus > 4). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Alena Španová, CSc. (lecturer)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Alena Španová, CSc.
Department of Experimental Biology – Biology Section – Faculty of Science
Timetable
Tue 12:00–13:50 Bpt,01013
Prerequisites
The course is for students which are interested in informations about the genetic analysis of microorganisms. The prerequisits are courses from Molecular biology (Bi4020) and General microbiology (Bi4090).
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is also offered to the students of the fields other than those the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Genetics and principles of classical and reversion genetics. Genetic terminology (mutants, genotypes, phenotypes). Genomes of bacteria, archea and eukaryotic microorganisms. Transfer of genes between bakteria (conjugation, transduction and transformation). Phage mutants and constrution of phage genetic map. Natural transformation and DNA transfer into cells during transformation. Characterisation of restriction modification systems. Mobile genetic elements and transposition. Regulation of gene expression in prokaryots (levels of regulation, enzymatic induction and repression, catabolic repression, negative and positive regulation of operon, attenuation, classification of regulators). New era in genetics - sequencing. Bioinformatics and proteomics.
At the end of this course, student should be able to understand genetic terminology and genetic maps, explain different types of natural gene transfer among microorganisms and thein importace and understand principles of regulation of gene expression u procaryot.
Syllabus
  • Definition of genetics of microorganisms. The impact of bacterial genetics for molecular biology. Genomes of domains Bacteria, Archea and Eucarya. Classical and reversion genetics.
  • Main characteristics of bacteria suitable for genetic analysis. Genetic terminology.
  • Mutations and mutant isolation. Phenotypes used in bacterial genetics.
  • Use of bacterial mutants – Ames test and SOS Chromotest.
  • Replication, transcription and translation of archeal genomes.
  • Transfer of genes between microorganisms. Plasmids, F plasmids and mechanism of conjugation. Hfr strains and transfer of chromosomal genes.
  • Interrupted and noninterrupted conjugation and construction of genetic maps. F‘ and R‘ plasmids, mobilised plasmids. General recombination during conjugation.
  • Virulent and temperate bacteriophages. General transduction. Bacteriophage lambda, its lifecycle.
  • Specialised transduction. Phage mutants and constrution of phage genetic map.
  • Natural transformation and its importace. Different kinds of DNA transfer into cells during transformation.
  • Restriction and modification of DNA, characterisation of restriction modification systems.
  • Transposition. IS elements and transposons, their structure and importance in gene transfer. Conjugative transposons.
  • Regulation of gene expression in prokaryots. Levels of regulation. Enzymatic induction, enzymatic repression, catabolic repression. Negative and positive regulation of operon.
  • Attenuation. Other kinds of regulation of gene expression in bacteria. Classification of regulators.
  • New era in genetics - sequencing. Bioinformatics and proteomics.
Literature
  • Rosypal, S. Introduction into molecular biology (Úvod do molekulární biologie). Brno : Prof. RNDr. Stanislav Rosypal, DrSc., Brno, 2006. 290 s. ISBN 80-902562-5-2.
  • Trun N., Trempy J., Fundamentals Bacterial Genetics, Blackwell Science Ltd 2003, ISBN 978-0632044481
Assessment methods
The course is enclosed by test and oral exam.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2008 - for the purpose of the accreditation, Spring 2011 - only for the accreditation, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, spring 2012 - acreditation.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2009, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/sci/spring2009/Bi8021