Ochrana a podpora zdraví III - cvičení

Vaccinology

AIMS OF THE LESSON

understand the importance of vaccination for the prevention of infectious diseases,
to get acquainted with the history of vaccination and vaccine development,
know the principle of passive and active immunization of the organism,
know the possibilities of using passive immunization in post-exposure prophylaxis of infectious diseases,
be able to define collective immunity and know the factors influencing its threshold,
know the currently used types of vaccines and basic characteristics,
acquire basic knowledge about the composition of vaccines,
know the general and relative contraindications of vaccination,
to get acquainted with possible side effects of vaccines and the system of their reporting,
know the correct vaccination technique,
be able to orientate in schemes of vaccination,
know the basic epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases preventable by vaccination,
get acquainted with the immunization program for children and adults,
understand the importance of WHO immunization programs for public health.

SYLLABUS

Importance of vaccination
Composition of vaccine
Classification of vaccines
Immune response to vaccines
Vaccination contraindications
Side effects of immunization
Principles of right vaccination
Vaccine-preventable infections
Vaccination programs

INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC

The issue of vaccination is currently a very attractive topic not only from the point of view of the public, but also from experts. The benefits of this preventive method have been appreciated for many years, and efforts to challenge it have not been well received. In recent decades, however, we have witnessed a growing distrust of this method, which has grown into a societal phenomenon - the anti-vaccination movement. We are already perceiving the consequences of this situation in the form of recurrent infections and new outbreaks, which, according to the original WHO assumptions, should have been eradicated in recent years. The justification for the education of health professionals and especially doctors in this issue is obvious. It is necessary to be able to react and argue in the direction of a positive attitude not only of the public, but also of health professionals.

Caricature from 1812 - First "anti waxxers" warned against the transformation of vaccinated persons (by cowpox virus) into a cow.

SELF - PREPARATION TASKS AND REQUIREMENTS

The student registers for the task in the List of Topics for his seminar group and after its preparation in the form of a presentation inserts it by 10.00 am on the day of teaching the lesson in the relevant Homework Vault for this lesson (teaching day). The link to the Homework Vault is below.

It is possible to use the study materials below to process the tasks.

TASKS AND REQUIREMENTS

Aluminium salts and mercury compounds in vaccines - form and quantity, reasons for use, side effects, controversy.
Vaccination of pregnant women - recommended and contraindicated vaccines during pregnancy, reasons.
Epidemiological characteristics of polio and measles - sources, way of transmission, susceptibility, main symptoms and frequent complićations, current epidemiological situation and risk, prevention.
Immunization program for children in your country - mandatory or recommended, an overview of vaccines, type of used vaccines, age of children and intervals between doses.
Vaccination of healthcare workers - overview of recommended or mandatory vaccines and the reasons for their use.

5. The Task for the Lesson: FRIDAY

INFORMATION FROM THE LECTURER

The lesson is composed of the teacher's explanation and presentation of students' tasks, supplemented by discussion and practical practice of argumentation to support vaccination.

STUDY MATERIALS AND HOW TO USE THEM

The presentation below is intended for preparation for the lesson and is a syllabus for preparation for the final test. Summarizes basic information from general vaccinology. To completely achieve the objectives of the lesson, we recommend using the recommended literature listed in the IS of the course and additional study materials below. In particular, it is necessary to study the epidemiological characteristics of infections preventable by vaccination and vaccination for travelers. The latter two issues form questions for the state exam.

Study texts and other materials can also be used to prepare tasks for the lesson.