aVLBC0321s Biochemistry I - seminar

Faculty of Medicine
autumn 2024
Extent and Intensity
0/4/0. 7 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
In-person direct teaching
Teacher(s)
doc. RNDr. Jiří Dostál, CSc. (seminar tutor)
RNDr. Hana Paulová, CSc. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Jiří Slanina, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
prof. RNDr. Eva Táborská, CSc. (seminar tutor)
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Iva Audy (assistant)
MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D. (assistant)
Mgr. Marie Tomandlová, Ph.D. (assistant)
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Josef Tomandl, Ph.D.
Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: MUDr. Michaela Králíková, Ph.D.
Supplier department: Department of Biochemistry – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Timetable of Seminar Groups
aVLBC0321s/30: Tue 12:00–13:40 A16/213, Thu 15:00–16:40 A16/213, H. Paulová, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/31: Tue 12:00–13:40 A16/213, Thu 15:00–16:40 A16/213, H. Paulová, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/32: Mon 8:00–9:40 A16/215, Wed 10:00–11:40 A16/215, J. Dostál, J. Slanina
aVLBC0321s/33: Mon 8:00–9:40 A16/215, Wed 10:00–11:40 A16/215, J. Dostál, J. Slanina
aVLBC0321s/34: Tue 14:00–15:40 A16/213, Fri 14:00–15:40 A16/213, E. Táborská, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/35: Tue 14:00–15:40 A16/213, Fri 14:00–15:40 A16/213, E. Táborská, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/36: Mon 8:00–9:40 A16/213, Thu 8:00–9:40 A16/215, H. Paulová, J. Tomandl
aVLBC0321s/37: Mon 8:00–9:40 A16/213, Thu 8:00–9:40 A16/215, H. Paulová, J. Tomandl
Prerequisites (in Czech)
aVLBI0222p Medical Biology II - lect. && aVLBF011p Biophysics -lect.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course is to practice basic metabolic processes and pathways occurring at the cellular level.
Understanding these processes is the basis for understanding metabolism at the tissue and organ level, which is the focus of the follow-up course Biochemistry II.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course, students will:
- understand the meaning of basic chemical terms (pH, osmolality, electrolyte, buffer, etc.) and apply this knowledge when describing the properties of body fluids.
- discuss the properties and function of enzymes
- describe basic catabolic and anabolic pathways of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism and their relationships.
- understand the principles of energy production, utilization and deposition at the cellular level.
- explain the function of cell membranes and the principle of compartmentalization at the cellular level, and the transport processes on the membrane.
- describe protein synthesis, starting with replication, transcription, translation, and post-translational modifications. Understand the relationship between protein structure and function.
- explain the function of hemoglobin in oxygen transport and maintaining acid-base balance.
- discuss the principles of some diseases at the molecular level.
Syllabus
  • Introduction to biochemistry. Electrolytes, ion activity, osmolarity, osmolality, tonicity, oncotic pressure.
  • Acid-base reactions, weak acids/bases. Buffers, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. Properties of organic compounds (alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives).
  • Introduction to bioenergetics, Gibbs energy. High-energy compounds. Redox reaction.
  • Enzymes – activity, enzyme kinetics, enzyme kinetic parameters, enzyme inhibition.
  • Enzyme cofactors – main features of structure, functions, and relationship to vitamins.
  • Citrate cycle, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation.
  • Structure and properties of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates in nutrition. Carbohydrate digestion. Glucose transport into cells.
  • Glycolysis. Gluconeogenesis.
  • Glycogen metabolism. Pentose phosphate pathway. Metabolism of fructose and galactose.
  • Structure and properties of lipids. Surfactants. Cell membranes, membrane transport.
  • Lipids in nutrition. Digestion of lipids. Lipids in nutrition. Breakdown of fatty acids. Metabolism of ketone bodies.
  • Synthesis, elongation and desaturation of fatty acids.
  • Cholesterol metabolism. Bile acid metabolism.
  • Metabolism of triacylglycerols, phospholipids.
  • Lipid peroxidation. Eicosanoids. Lipophilic vitamins. Reactive oxygen species.
  • Structure and function of hemoglobin
  • Structure and properties of amino acids, peptides, proteins. Protein digestion. Overview of protein metabolism.
  • General features of conversion amino acids. Urea synthesis.
  • Catabolism of amino acids. Synthesis of non-essential amino acids, reversible transformations.
  • Conversions of amino acids into specialized products. Heme synthesis.
  • Structure and significance of bases/nucleotides. Uric acid. Common features of nucleotide biosynthesis.
  • Metabolism of purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. The importance of tetrahydrofolate and vitamin B12.
  • Structure of DNA, RNA, replication, transcription, protein synthesis, post-translational modification of proteins.
Literature
    required literature
  • Interactive Syllabus of the course in IS MU.
  • RODWELL, Victor W., David A. BENDER, Kathleen M. BOTHAM, Peter J. KENNELLY and P. Anthony WEIL. Harper's illustrated biochemistry. Thirty-first edition. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018, x, 789. ISBN 9781260288421. info
  • Essentials of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry (Ed. Dostál J.). Download: https://portal.med.muni.cz/article-623-essentials-of-medical-chemistry-and-biochemistry.html
    recommended literature
  • LIEBERMAN, Michael and Alisa PEET. Marks' basic medical biochemistry : a clinical approach. Illustrated by Matthew Chansky. 5th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018, xii, 1051. ISBN 9781496387721. info
  • VASUDEVAN, D. M., S. SREEKUMARI and Kannan VAIDYANATHAN. Textbook of biochemistry for medical students. Eighth edition. New Delhi: Jaypee The Health Sciences Publisher, 2016, xvi, 718. ISBN 9789385999741. info
  • KOOLMAN, Jan and Klaus-Heinrich ROEHM. Color Atlas of Biochemistry. 3rd ed. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2013. ISBN 978-3-13-100373-7. info
Teaching methods
Active work in seminars, problem solving, discussions.
Assessment methods
Credit. Conditions for giving the course-unit credit:
1) completion of all seminars and 2) completion of in-term tests.
Failure to meet the requirements of in-term tests requires a resit test, which may be repeated only once.
Detailed conditions are published in Study materials posted under the course/Interactive Syllabus.
Language of instruction
English
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 60.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Autumn 2016, Autumn 2017, autumn 2018, autumn 2019, autumn 2020, autumn 2021, autumn 2022, autumn 2023.
  • Enrolment Statistics (recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/autumn2024/aVLBC0321s