IC019 “Green Chemistry”: Reactions for the Renewables Refinery of the Future

Přírodovědecká fakulta
podzim 2007
Rozsah
0/0. 1 kr. Ukončení: k.
Vyučující
Prof. James Jackson (přednášející), prof. RNDr. Petr Klán, Ph.D. (zástupce)
Garance
prof. RNDr. Petr Klán, Ph.D.
Ústav chemie – Chemická sekce – Přírodovědecká fakulta
Kontaktní osoba: prof. RNDr. Petr Klán, Ph.D.
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je otevřen studentům libovolného oboru.
Cíle předmětu
Chemical manufacturing is among the largest components of the global economy, providing fuels, polymers, coatings, lubricants, personal care goods, medicines, and many other products used across the world. The majority of this production is based on fossil starting materials, mainly petroleum. Indeed, the very fields of organic chemistry and chemical engineering have grown up in a unique age of history-the century of the hydrocarbon. As a result, the way the majority of people live has hugely changed, mostly for the good. But as fossil resources become rarer and more expensive, and the costs of loading the atmosphere with CO2 become more evident, a whole new suite of chemical pathways will be needed to enable the world to shift its chemical and energy industries to a renewable, carbon-neutral basis. This course will offer an overview of current and emerging processes for sustainable development of bulk, specialty, and fine chemical products. Using a case-history approach, traditional petroleum-based pathways and new, “green” routes will be compared, considering key issues such as atom economy, energy analysis, catalysis/biocatalysis trade-offs, solvent and waste-stream issues, economics, environmental/regulatory concerns, infrastructure and societal driving forces. The challenge of renewable materials (“biomass”) is huge, as they comprise a chemically and structurally heterogeneous set of feedstocks ranging from grass clippings and wood chips, to crop-derived grains and oilseeds, to animal products and sewage-all quite different (nonvolatile and hydrophilic) relative to petroleum hydrocarbons. Particular attention will be given to the critical need for creativity-wide-ranging basic science and engineering studies to develop new general, robust, energy-efficient, clean, and large-scale conversion pathways appropriate to this diverse chemical character. Short class presentation assignments to be developed through discussions during course.
Osnova
  • * Background and overview - The "12 principles of green chemistry" - History and current practices in fossil-based fuels and chemicals production - Before oil--history of bio-based energy and chemicals industries * Drivers for change - Chemical pollution effects and case histories--chronic and acute - Limits of fossil resources - Greenhouse gases and their history * Fuels from renewables-based feedstocks - Carbohydrate (glucose and other sugar) sources - Starch crops - Cellulosic biomass - Ethanol production and energetics - Biogenic hydrocarbons - Oil crops and biodiesel - Terpenes - Global inventories and production capacities * Non-fuel products - Drivers, challenges and opportunities for fine and commodity chemicals production - Biomass fractions for conversion to chemicals - Carbohydrate-based - Oils-based - Proteinaceous * Current models for the Biomass Refinery - Paper mill - Sewage treatment plant - Municipal incinerator with cogeneration
Literatura
  • Anastas, Paul T. and John C. Warner “Green Chemistry: Theory And Practice” Oxford University Press, 1998.
  • Anastas, Paul T. and Kirchoff, Mary M., “Origins, Current Status, and Future Challenges of Green Chemistry” Accts. Chem. Res. 2002, 35, 686-694.
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Další komentáře
Předmět je dovoleno ukončit i mimo zkouškové období.
Předmět je vyučován jednorázově.
Poznámka k periodicitě výuky: 12.-14. 11. 2007.
Výuka probíhá blokově.
  • Statistika zápisu (nejnovější)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/predmet/sci/podzim2007/IC019