Další formáty:
BibTeX
LaTeX
RIS
@article{1074287,
author = {Brázdil, Rudolf and Chromá, Kateřina and Dobrovolný, Petr and Černoch, Zbyněk},
article_location = {Amsterdam},
article_number = {November},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.019},
keywords = {tornado;spatio-temporal fluctuations;impacts;documentary data;Czech Lands},
language = {eng},
issn = {0169-8095},
journal = {Atmospheric Research},
title = {The tornado history of the Czech Lands, AD 1119-2010},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169809512001949},
volume = {118},
year = {2012}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1074287
AU - Brázdil, Rudolf - Chromá, Kateřina - Dobrovolný, Petr - Černoch, Zbyněk
PY - 2012
TI - The tornado history of the Czech Lands, AD 1119-2010
JF - Atmospheric Research
VL - 118
IS - November
SP - 193-204
EP - 193-204
PB - ELSEVIER
SN - 01698095
KW - tornado;spatio-temporal fluctuations;impacts;documentary data;Czech Lands
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169809512001949
N2 - Documentary evidence is employed to present the history of tornadoes in the Czech Lands (recently Czech Republic) in AD 1119-2010. Based on contemporaneous descriptions of events, tornadoes are categorised as proven or probable. They are analysed collectively in terms of their spatio-temporal changes, annual variation, specific features, and impacts according to the Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale. The first documented tornado, on 30 July 1119, did great damage to Vyšehrad Castle in Prague (EF3). Only three other tornadoes were recorded before AD 1500. In the following three centuries, the number fluctuated between 11 and 16 events per century. Documented tornado frequency increased significantly from the 19th century onwards, reaching peaks in 1931-1940 (44 tornadoes) and particularly in 2001-2010 (56 tornadoes); this rise, however, reflects the availability of relevant sources as well as increased social awareness and advances in communication technology. A total of 264 tornado days and 307 tornadoes were documented for the Czech Lands in 1119-2010. Although they are relatively homogeneously extended over the territory of the Czech Republic, tornadoes tend to occur more frequently at lower and medium altitudes. The highest frequency of tornadoes is recorded for the summer half-year (mainly from June to August), although they may develop between March and October. Probable tornadoes have also been recorded in the winter months. The strongest tornadoes in the Czech Lands may be classified as EF3, largely with significant damage to buildings and trees, but 13 related deaths have also been recorded. The paper presents not only a new chronology and climatology for Czech tornadoes but is also an important contribution to the study of tornadoes in Europe.
ER -
BRÁZDIL, Rudolf, Kateřina CHROMÁ, Petr DOBROVOLNÝ a Zbyněk ČERNOCH. The tornado history of the Czech Lands, AD 1119-2010. \textit{Atmospheric Research}. Amsterdam: ELSEVIER, roč.~118, November, s.~193-204. ISSN~0169-8095. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.06.019. 2012.
|
