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@article{1394147,
author = {Willner, Wolfgang and JiménezandAlfaro González, Francisco De Borja and Agrillo, Emiliano and Biurrun, Idoia and Campos, Juan Antonio and Čarni, Andraž and Casella, Laura and Csiky, János and Ćušterevska, Renata and Didukh, Yakiv P. and Ewald, Jörg and Jandt, Ute and Jansen, Florian and Kacki, Zygmunt Walerian and Kavgaci, Ali and Lenoir, Jonathan and Marinšek, Aleksander and Onyshchenko, Viktor and Rodwell, John S. and Schaminée, Joop H. J. and Šibík, Jozef and Škvorc, Željko and Svenning, JensandChristian and Tsiripidis, Ioannis and Turtureanu, Pavel Dan and Tzonev, Rossen and Vassilev, Kiril and Venanzoni, Roberto and Wohlgemuth, Thomas and Chytrý, Milan},
article_location = {NJ USA},
article_number = {3},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12299},
keywords = {Beech forest; Europe; Fagetalia sylvaticae; Fagion sylvaticae; Fagus sylvatica; Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae; Syntaxonomy; TWINSPAN; Vegetation plot database},
language = {eng},
issn = {1402-2001},
journal = {Applied Vegetation Science},
title = {Classification of European beech forests: a Gordian Knot?},
url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avsc.12299/abstract},
volume = {20},
year = {2017}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1394147
AU - Willner, Wolfgang - Jiménez-Alfaro González, Francisco De Borja - Agrillo, Emiliano - Biurrun, Idoia - Campos, Juan Antonio - Čarni, Andraž - Casella, Laura - Csiky, János - Ćušterevska, Renata - Didukh, Yakiv P. - Ewald, Jörg - Jandt, Ute - Jansen, Florian - Kacki, Zygmunt Walerian - Kavgaci, Ali - Lenoir, Jonathan - Marinšek, Aleksander - Onyshchenko, Viktor - Rodwell, John S. - Schaminée, Joop H. J. - Šibík, Jozef - Škvorc, Željko - Svenning, Jens-Christian - Tsiripidis, Ioannis - Turtureanu, Pavel Dan - Tzonev, Rossen - Vassilev, Kiril - Venanzoni, Roberto - Wohlgemuth, Thomas - Chytrý, Milan
PY - 2017
TI - Classification of European beech forests: a Gordian Knot?
JF - Applied Vegetation Science
VL - 20
IS - 3
SP - 494-512
EP - 494-512
PB - Wiley
SN - 14022001
KW - Beech forest
KW - Europe
KW - Fagetalia sylvaticae
KW - Fagion sylvaticae
KW - Fagus sylvatica
KW - Luzulo-Fagion sylvaticae
KW - Syntaxonomy
KW - TWINSPAN
KW - Vegetation plot database
UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/avsc.12299/abstract
N2 - Questions: What are the main floristic patterns in European beech forests? Which classification at the alliance and suballiance level is the most convincing? - Location: Europe and Asia Minor. - Methods: We applied a TWINSPAN classification to a data set of 24605 releves covering the whole range of Fagus sylvatica forests and the western part of Fagus orientalis forests. We identified 24 operational phytosociological units' (OPUs), which were used for further analysis. The position of each OPU along the soil pH and temperature gradient was evaluated using Ellenberg Indicator Values. Fidelity of species to OPUs was calculated using the phi coefficient and constancy ratio. We compared alternative alliance concepts, corresponding to groups of OPUs, in terms of number and frequency of diagnostic species. We also established formal definitions for the various alliance concepts based on comparison of the total cover of the diagnostic species groups, and evaluated alternative geographical subdivisions of beech forests. - Results: The first and second division levels of TWINSPAN followed the temperature and soil pH gradients, while lower divisions were mainly geographical. We grouped the 22 OPUs of Fagus sylvatica forests into acidophytic, meso-basiphytic and thermo-basiphytic beech forests, and separated two OPUs of F.orientalis forests. However, a solution with only two ecologically defined alliances of F.sylvatica forests (acidophytic vs basiphytic) was clearly superior with regard to number and frequency of diagnostic species. In contrast, when comparing groupings with three to six geographical alliances of basiphytic beech forests, respectively, we did not find a strongly superior solution. - Conclusions: We propose to classify F.sylvatica forests into 15 suballiances - three acidophytic and 12 basiphytic ones. Separating these two groups at alliance or order level was clearly supported by our results. Concerning the grouping of the 12 basiphytic suballiances into ecological or geographical alliances, as advocated by many authors, we failed to find an optimal solution. Therefore, we propose a multi-dimensional classification of basiphytic beech forests, including both ecological and geographical groups as equally valid concepts which may be used alternatively depending on the purpose and context of the classification.
ER -
WILLNER, Wolfgang, Francisco De Borja JIMÉNEZ-ALFARO GONZÁLEZ, Emiliano AGRILLO, Idoia BIURRUN, Juan Antonio CAMPOS, Andraž ČARNI, Laura CASELLA, János CSIKY, Renata $\backslash$'CUŠTEREVSKA, Yakiv P. DIDUKH, Jörg EWALD, Ute JANDT, Florian JANSEN, Zygmunt Walerian KACKI, Ali KAVGACI, Jonathan LENOIR, Aleksander MARINŠEK, Viktor ONYSHCHENKO, John S. RODWELL, Joop H. J. SCHAMINÉE, Jozef ŠIBÍK, Željko ŠKVORC, Jens-Christian SVENNING, Ioannis TSIRIPIDIS, Pavel Dan TURTUREANU, Rossen TZONEV, Kiril VASSILEV, Roberto VENANZONI, Thomas WOHLGEMUTH a Milan CHYTRÝ. Classification of European beech forests: a Gordian Knot? \textit{Applied Vegetation Science}. NJ USA: Wiley, 2017, roč.~20, č.~3, s.~494-512. ISSN~1402-2001. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12299.
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