The evolution of global religions

k 2019

The evolution of global religions

EJOVA, Anastasia, Oliver SHEEHAN, Simon J GREENHILL, Jakub CIGÁN, Silvie KOTHEROVÁ et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

The evolution of global religions

Název česky

Evoluce světových náboženství

Autoři

EJOVA, Anastasia (36 Austrálie, garant), Oliver SHEEHAN, Simon J GREENHILL, Jakub CIGÁN (203 Česká republika, domácí), Silvie KOTHEROVÁ (203 Česká republika), Jan KRÁTKÝ (203 Česká republika, domácí), Radek KUNDT (203 Česká republika, domácí), Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ (203 Česká republika, domácí), Joseph WATTS, Remco BOUCKAERT, Quentin D. ATKINSON, Joseph BULBULIA a Russell D. GRAY

Vydání

17th Annual Conference of the European Association for the Study of Religions (EASR), 25.-29. 06. 2019 , Tartu, Estonia, 2019

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Prezentace na konferencích

Obor

60304 Religious studies

Stát vydavatele

Estonsko

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14210/19:00112024

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

Klíčová slova česky

světové náboženství; religionistika; komparativní fylogenetika; kulturní evoluce

Klíčová slova anglicky

global religions; scientific study of religion; comparative phylogenetics; cultural evolution

Štítky

rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 12. 3. 2020 09:06, Mgr. Monika Kellnerová

Anotace

V originále

While accounting for the religious beliefs of about 80% of the world’s population, the five dominant global religions - Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism - are divided into hundreds of sects. What processes produced this unity amidst fragmentation over time? To date, historians have focused on describing patterns of cross-national unity and fragmentation over time within each global religion separately. However, to understand the mechanisms fostering unity across religious lines in the modern globalised world, it is necessary to identify any processes of unification common to multiple world religions. Using computational methods developed in biology, we compare world religions in terms of patterns of schism (fragmentation) over time – patterns represented as evolutionary trees (phylogenies). In Buddhism, pre-Reformation Christianity and Islam, we observe early diversity reined in by empires that sponsored the religions as ideologies of state. In Protestant Christianity and Hinduism, we observe consistent unbridled diversity of belief, attributable to the fact that sponsoring empires subscribed to ideologies that placed only loose constraints on belief content. The ideals guiding Protestant European colonial empires and various Hindu empires– modern capitalism and the caste system, respectively – have been argued to be economic. However, these ideals also had a grounding in religious ethics; specifically, in the motivation to be a trustworthy “tool of the divine will” under Protestantism, and in the motivation to maintain purity under Hinduism. In evidence of a gradual movement towards global ethical and economic unification, we observe increasing diversity of belief loosely constrained by Protestant ethics and capitalist institutions in post-19th century Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as post-17th century Judaism. Overall, our findings demonstrate how systematic approaches from natural science can combine with historical inquiry to suggest that ideological unity amidst diversity is possible under a higher order ideology combining ethical and economic principles.

Návaznosti

EE2.3.20.0048, projekt VaV

Název: Laboratoř pro experimentální výzkum náboženství

MUNI/A/1053/2018, interní kód MU

Název: Nové výzkumné metody v religionistickém výzkumu (Akronym: NOVYMREV)

Investor: Masarykova univerzita, Nové výzkumné metody v religionistickém výzkumu, DO R. 2020_Kategorie A - Specifický výzkum - Studentské výzkumné projekty

Citovat

EJOVA, Anastasia, Oliver SHEEHAN, Simon J GREENHILL, Jakub CIGÁN, Silvie KOTHEROVÁ, Jan KRÁTKÝ, Radek KUNDT, Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ, Joseph WATTS, Remco BOUCKAERT, Quentin D. ATKINSON, Joseph BULBULIA a Russell D. GRAY. The evolution of global religions. In 17th Annual Conference of the European Association for the Study of Religions (EASR), 25.-29. 06. 2019 , Tartu, Estonia. 2019.

@proceedings{1598968,
   author = {Ejova, Anastasia and Sheehan, Oliver and Greenhill, Simon J and Cigán, Jakub and Kotherová, Silvie and Krátký, Jan and Kundt, Radek and Kundtová Klocová, Eva and Watts, Joseph and Bouckaert, Remco and Atkinson, Quentin D. and Bulbulia, Joseph and Gray, Russell D.},
   booktitle = {17th Annual Conference of the European Association for the Study of Religions (EASR), 25.-29. 06. 2019 , Tartu, Estonia},
   keywords = {global religions; scientific study of religion; comparative phylogenetics; cultural evolution},
   language = {eng},
   title = {The evolution of global religions},
   url = {https://easr2019.org/program/},
   year = {2019}
}

TY  - CONF
ID  - 1598968
AU  - Ejova, Anastasia - Sheehan, Oliver - Greenhill, Simon J - Cigán, Jakub - Kotherová, Silvie - Krátký, Jan - Kundt, Radek - Kundtová Klocová, Eva - Watts, Joseph - Bouckaert, Remco - Atkinson, Quentin D. - Bulbulia, Joseph - Gray, Russell D.
PY  - 2019
TI  - The evolution of global religions
KW  - global religions
KW  - scientific study of religion
KW  - comparative phylogenetics
KW  - cultural evolution
UR  - https://easr2019.org/program/
L2  - https://easr2019.org/program/
N2  - While accounting for the religious beliefs of about 80% of the world’s population, the five dominant global religions - Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism - are divided into hundreds of sects. What processes produced this unity amidst fragmentation over time? To date, historians have focused on describing patterns of cross-national unity and fragmentation over time within each global religion separately. However, to understand the mechanisms fostering unity across religious lines in the modern globalised world, it is necessary to identify any processes of unification common to multiple world religions. Using computational methods developed in biology, we compare world religions in terms of patterns of schism (fragmentation) over time – patterns represented as evolutionary trees (phylogenies). In Buddhism, pre-Reformation Christianity and Islam, we observe early diversity reined in by empires that sponsored the religions as ideologies of state. In Protestant Christianity and Hinduism, we observe consistent unbridled diversity of belief, attributable to the fact that sponsoring empires subscribed to ideologies that placed only loose constraints on belief content. The ideals guiding Protestant European colonial empires and various Hindu empires– modern capitalism and the caste system, respectively – have been argued to be economic. However, these ideals also had a grounding in religious ethics; specifically, in the motivation to be a trustworthy “tool of the divine will” under Protestantism, and in the motivation to maintain purity under Hinduism. In evidence of a gradual movement towards global ethical and economic unification, we observe increasing diversity of belief loosely constrained by Protestant ethics and capitalist institutions in post-19th century Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as post-17th century Judaism. Overall, our findings demonstrate how systematic approaches from natural science can combine with historical inquiry to suggest that ideological unity amidst diversity is possible under a higher order ideology combining ethical and economic principles.
ER  -

EJOVA, Anastasia, Oliver SHEEHAN, Simon J GREENHILL, Jakub CIGÁN, Silvie KOTHEROVÁ, Jan KRÁTKÝ, Radek KUNDT, Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ, Joseph WATTS, Remco BOUCKAERT, Quentin D. ATKINSON, Joseph BULBULIA a Russell D. GRAY. The evolution of global religions. In \textit{17th Annual Conference of the European Association for the Study of Religions (EASR), 25.-29. 06. 2019 , Tartu, Estonia}. 2019.

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