Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have
contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of
grasslands in the White Carpathians

J 2020

Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians

FAJMONOVÁ, Zuzana; Petra HÁJKOVÁ a Michal HÁJEK

Základní údaje

Originální název

Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians

Název česky

Půdní vlhkost a prehistorická činnost člověka v krajině přispěly k neobvyklé druhové diverzitě trávníků v Bílých Karpatech

Autoři

FAJMONOVÁ, Zuzana; Petra HÁJKOVÁ a Michal HÁJEK

Vydání

Preslia, Praha, Czech Botanical Society, 2020, 0032-7786

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

10611 Plant sciences, botany

Stát vydavatele

Česká republika

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 4.167

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Ano

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14310/20:00114366

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Klíčová slova anglicky

Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati; forest-steppe; Neolithic settlement; semi-dry grasslands; soil moisture; species richness; White Carpathians

Štítky

14314020, rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 25. 11. 2020 10:41, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

The factors that determine the unique species richness and composition of some temperate grasslands arc poorly known. Uniqueness of the extraordinarily species-rich grasslands in the White Carpathian mountain range (Czech Republic, Slovakia). with many disjunct occurrences of species. have been previously attributed to intermittently wet deep soils. which facilitate the co-occurrence of steppe and wet-grassland species. and Holocene continuity of open land. resulted in large species pools. Based on a detailed investigation of 23 well-preserved regularly mown grasslands differing in their vegetation composition and species richness, we tested the relative importance of the hypothetical determinants of compositional variability within semi-dry grasslands. For the first time we included measurements of seasonal moisture at different soil depths and landscape differences in the intensity of the effect of prehistoric humans. Soil moisture was measured using the frequency-domain reflectometry based Profile Probe PR2 sensor at depths of 10, 20. 30, 40 and 60 cm in the soil, repeatedly every four weeks from April to November. Soil samples were taken from the same depths in order to determine soil basicity and nutrient content. As a proxy of the intensity of the effect of prehistoric human activities, mean distances between sampled localities and the five nearest Neolithic or Aeneolithic settlements were used. The species richness was best explained by mean soil moisture. which increased towards the most species-rich grasslands. whereas the distance from prehistoric settlements had no effect. Basicity, moisture and the distance from prehistoric settlements had significant conditional effects on species composition. There was a high frequency of species of intermittently wet soils, thermophilous oak forests and forest fringes in the most valuable grasslands. which are located mostly in the south-western part of the area where the soils were moister and closer to prehistoric settlements, but the seasonal variation in moisture was not high. We conclude that coexistence of species from different habitats is dependent on regular management and high soil moisture throughout the growing season. Due to intermediate moisture conditions that are tolerated by multiple ecological groups of species, many species may locally coexist and form a species-rich grassland community of unique species composition. In addition. prehistoric human activities contributed to landscape openness and helped maintain a forest-steppe species pool during the Holocene forest optimum. Our results indicate that although this historical determinant shapes predominantly the species composition pattern, the extraordinarily species-rich spots are determined rather by abiotic factors, such as intermediate moisture and biotic interactions resulting from the type and duration of management practices.

Návaznosti

GX19-28491X, projekt VaV

Název: Centrum pro evropské vegetační syntézy (CEVS) (Akronym: CEVS)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, Centrum pro evropské vegetační syntézy (CEVS)

Citovat

FAJMONOVÁ, Zuzana; Petra HÁJKOVÁ a Michal HÁJEK. Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians. Preslia. Praha: Czech Botanical Society, 2020, roč. 92, č. 1, s. 35-56. ISSN 0032-7786. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.035.

@article{1685337,
   author = {Fajmonová, Zuzana and Hájková, Petra and Hájek, Michal},
   article_location = {Praha},
   article_number = {1},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.035},
   keywords = {Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati; forest-steppe; Neolithic settlement; semi-dry grasslands; soil moisture; species richness; White Carpathians},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0032-7786},
   journal = {Preslia},
   title = {Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians},
   url = {http://www.preslia.cz/P201Fajmonova.pdf},
   volume = {92},
   year = {2020}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1685337
AU  - Fajmonová, Zuzana - Hájková, Petra - Hájek, Michal
PY  - 2020
TI  - Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians
JF  - Preslia
VL  - 92
IS  - 1
SP  - 35-56
EP  - 35-56
PB  - Czech Botanical Society
SN  - 00327786
KW  - Cirsio-Brachypodion pinnati
KW  - forest-steppe
KW  - Neolithic settlement
KW  - semi-dry grasslands
KW  - soil moisture
KW  - species richness
KW  - White Carpathians
UR  - http://www.preslia.cz/P201Fajmonova.pdf
L2  - http://www.preslia.cz/P201Fajmonova.pdf
N2  - The factors that determine the unique species richness and composition of some temperate grasslands arc poorly known. Uniqueness of the extraordinarily species-rich grasslands in the White Carpathian mountain range (Czech Republic, Slovakia). with many disjunct occurrences of species. have been previously attributed to intermittently wet deep soils. which facilitate the co-occurrence of steppe and wet-grassland species. and Holocene continuity of open land. resulted in large species pools. Based on a detailed investigation of 23 well-preserved regularly mown grasslands differing in their vegetation composition and species richness, we tested the relative importance of the hypothetical determinants of compositional variability within semi-dry grasslands. For the first time we included measurements of seasonal moisture at different soil depths and landscape differences in the intensity of the effect of prehistoric humans. Soil moisture was measured using the frequency-domain reflectometry based Profile Probe PR2 sensor at depths of 10, 20. 30, 40 and 60 cm in the soil, repeatedly every four weeks from April to November. Soil samples were taken from the same depths in order to determine soil basicity and nutrient content. As a proxy of the intensity of the effect of prehistoric human activities, mean distances between sampled localities and the five nearest Neolithic or Aeneolithic settlements were used. The species richness was best explained by mean soil moisture. which increased towards the most species-rich grasslands. whereas the distance from prehistoric settlements had no effect. Basicity, moisture and the distance from prehistoric settlements had significant conditional effects on species composition. There was a high frequency of species of intermittently wet soils, thermophilous oak forests and forest fringes in the most valuable grasslands. which are located mostly in the south-western part of the area where the soils were moister and closer to prehistoric settlements, but the seasonal variation in moisture was not high. We conclude that coexistence of species from different habitats is dependent on regular management and high soil moisture throughout the growing season. Due to intermediate moisture conditions that are tolerated by multiple ecological groups of species, many species may locally coexist and form a species-rich grassland community of unique species composition. In addition. prehistoric human activities contributed to landscape openness and helped maintain a forest-steppe species pool during the Holocene forest optimum. Our results indicate that although this historical determinant shapes predominantly the species composition pattern, the extraordinarily species-rich spots are determined rather by abiotic factors, such as intermediate moisture and biotic interactions resulting from the type and duration of management practices.
ER  -

FAJMONOVÁ, Zuzana; Petra HÁJKOVÁ a Michal HÁJEK. Soil moisture and a legacy of prehistoric human activities have contributed to the extraordinary plant species diversity of grasslands in the White Carpathians. \textit{Preslia}. Praha: Czech Botanical Society, 2020, roč.~92, č.~1, s.~35-56. ISSN~0032-7786. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.23855/preslia.2020.035.

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