2020
Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin: natural or anthropogenic origin?
WIEZIK, Maroš; Libor PETR; Vlasta JANKOVSKA; Petra HÁJKOVÁ; Eva JAMRICHOVÁ et al.Základní údaje
Originální název
Western-Carpathian mountain spruce woodlands at their southern margin: natural or anthropogenic origin?
Autoři
WIEZIK, Maroš; Libor PETR; Vlasta JANKOVSKA; Petra HÁJKOVÁ; Eva JAMRICHOVÁ; Richard HRIVNÁK; Michaela KORENÁ HILLAYOVA; Benjamín JARČUŠKA; František MÁLIŠ a Michal HÁJEK
Vydání
Preslia, Praha, Česká botanická společnost při AV ČR, 2020, 0032-7786
Další údaje
Jazyk
angličtina
Typ výsledku
Článek v odborném periodiku
Obor
10611 Plant sciences, botany
Stát vydavatele
Česká republika
Utajení
není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství
Odkazy
Impakt faktor
Impact factor: 4.167
Označené pro přenos do RIV
Ano
Kód RIV
RIV/00216224:14310/20:00114367
Organizační jednotka
Přírodovědecká fakulta
UT WoS
EID Scopus
Klíčová slova anglicky
Picea abies; pollen analysis; spruce forests; zonal woodlands; Western Carpathians
Příznaky
Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno
Změněno: 30. 11. 2020 11:52, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.
Anotace
V originále
Origin and dynamics of spruce woodlands in central Europe is an important topic due to the current disturbances triggered by bark beetle outbreaks and extreme climatic events. We focused on the Late Holocene development of spruce-dominated woodlands at their southern margin in the Western Carpathians. We analysed eight peat profiles along an altitudinal gradient of 730-1358 m a.s.l. and evaluated the pollen spectra separately for the period before and after the start of intense medieval or post-medieval human intervention in the landscape. We focused on the relative proportions of spruce, beech, fir and noble hardwood trees. Spatial variation in the proportions of beech and spruce exceeded the temporal variation, contrary to fir that declined generally. Proportion of spruce significantly increased over time but the effect differed among sites. Proportion of beech was highest at 800- 1000 m a.s.1., while that of spruce increased linearly with annual precipitation rather than altitude and reached the highest values on windward slopes and in wet valleys. Different dominant trees at the two highest altitude sites indicate that attitudinal gradient was less important in the area studied. Although foresters consider spruce woodland on the highest summits as naturally monodominant, we found an apparent admixture of fir, together with a small admixture of beech, in the period before human intervention. An exact reconstruction of the proportions of individual climax trees in past vegetation is, however, not yet possible. Based on macrofossils, spruce unlike beech, has occurred directly on peatlands. Local occurrence of spruce might increase its proportion in a pollen spectrum. Indeed, after anthropogenic deforestation, its proportion decreased. It increased again as late as the establishment of spruce monocultures either by natural succession on abandoned pastures or by forestry. In addition to the effect of local spruce occurrence, modern pollen spectra further demonstrate an over-representation of spruce relative to beech and fir pollen even in a mixed woodland on the highest summit site. We conclude that spruce is a major natural component of mountain woodlands even at its southern margin. Contrary to previous expectation, we demonstrate that the proportion of spruce was not associated with altitude but with mesoclimate and soil humidity. The natural spruce woodlands were mixed or existed as mosaics at all altitudes and the monodominant character of spruce woodlands in the area of summits is not natural.
Návaznosti
| GA17-05696S, projekt VaV |
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