Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals
extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria

J 2018

Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria

VEERAMAH, KR; A ROTT; M GROSS; Dorp L VAN; S LOPEZ et al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria

Autoři

Vydání

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, WASHINGTON, NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2018, 0027-8424

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 9.580

Označené pro přenos do RIV

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719880115

UT WoS

000428382400077

Klíčová slova anglicky

paleogenomics; demographic inference; population genetics; Early Medieval; Migration Period

Změněno: 6. 1. 2021 12:21, Zuzana Hofmanová, Dr. rer. nat.

Anotace

V originále

Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while genetic analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves of immigration from outside the continent during periods of cultural change. However, population-level genome data that could shed light on the demographic processes occurring during the intervening periods have been absent. Therefore, we generated genomic data from 41 individuals dating mostly to the late 5th/early 6th century AD from present-day Bavaria in southern Germany, including 11 whole genomes (mean depth 5.56x). In addition we developed a capture array to sequence neutral regions spanning a total of 5 Mb and 486 functional polymorphic sites to high depth (mean 72x) in all individuals. Our data indicate that while men generally had ancestry that closely resembles modern northern and central Europeans, women exhibit a very high genetic heterogeneity; this includes signals of genetic ancestry ranging from western Europe to East Asia. Particularly striking are women with artificial skull deformations; the analysis of their collective genetic ancestry suggests an origin in southeastern Europe. In addition, functional variants indicate that they also differed in visible characteristics. This example of female-biased migration indicates that complex demographic processes during the Early Medieval period may have contributed in an unexpected way to shape the modern European genetic landscape. Examination of the panel of functional loci also revealed that many alleles associated with recent positive selection were already at modern-like frequencies in European populations similar to 1,500 years ago.

Citovat

VEERAMAH, KR; A ROTT; M GROSS; Dorp L VAN; S LOPEZ; K KIRSANOW; C SELL; J BLOCHER; D WEGMANN; V LINK; Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ; J PETERS; B TRAUTMANN; A GAIRHOS; J HABERSTROH; B PAFFGEN; G HELLENTHAL; B HAAS-GEBHARD; M HARBECK a J BURGER. Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2018, roč. 115, č. 13, s. 3494-3499. ISSN 0027-8424. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719880115.

@article{1720256,
   author = {Veeramah, KR and Rott, A and Gross, M and van, Dorp L and Lopez, S and Kirsanow, K and Sell, C and Blocher, J and Wegmann, D and Link, V and Hofmanová, Zuzana and Peters, J and Trautmann, B and Gairhos, A and Haberstroh, J and Paffgen, B and Hellenthal, G and HaasandGebhard, B and Harbeck, M and Burger, J},
   article_location = {WASHINGTON},
   article_number = {13},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719880115},
   keywords = {paleogenomics; demographic inference; population genetics; Early Medieval; Migration Period},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0027-8424},
   journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
   title = {Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria},
   volume = {115},
   year = {2018}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1720256
AU  - Veeramah, KR - Rott, A - Gross, M - van, Dorp L - Lopez, S - Kirsanow, K - Sell, C - Blocher, J - Wegmann, D - Link, V - Hofmanová, Zuzana - Peters, J - Trautmann, B - Gairhos, A - Haberstroh, J - Paffgen, B - Hellenthal, G - Haas-Gebhard, B - Harbeck, M - Burger, J
PY  - 2018
TI  - Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria
JF  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
VL  - 115
IS  - 13
SP  - 3494-3499
EP  - 3494-3499
PB  - NATL ACAD SCIENCES
SN  - 00278424
KW  - paleogenomics
KW  - demographic inference
KW  - population genetics
KW  - Early Medieval
KW  - Migration Period
N2  - Modern European genetic structure demonstrates strong correlations with geography, while genetic analysis of prehistoric humans has indicated at least two major waves of immigration from outside the continent during periods of cultural change. However, population-level genome data that could shed light on the demographic processes occurring during the intervening periods have been absent. Therefore, we generated genomic data from 41 individuals dating mostly to the late 5th/early 6th century AD from present-day Bavaria in southern Germany, including 11 whole genomes (mean depth 5.56x). In addition we developed a capture array to sequence neutral regions spanning a total of 5 Mb and 486 functional polymorphic sites to high depth (mean 72x) in all individuals. Our data indicate that while men generally had ancestry that closely resembles modern northern and central Europeans, women exhibit a very high genetic heterogeneity; this includes signals of genetic ancestry ranging from western Europe to East Asia. Particularly striking are women with artificial skull deformations; the analysis of their collective genetic ancestry suggests an origin in southeastern Europe. In addition, functional variants indicate that they also differed in visible characteristics. This example of female-biased migration indicates that complex demographic processes during the Early Medieval period may have contributed in an unexpected way to shape the modern European genetic landscape. Examination of the panel of functional loci also revealed that many alleles associated with recent positive selection were already at modern-like frequencies in European populations similar to 1,500 years ago.
ER  -

VEERAMAH, KR; A ROTT; M GROSS; Dorp L VAN; S LOPEZ; K KIRSANOW; C SELL; J BLOCHER; D WEGMANN; V LINK; Zuzana HOFMANOVÁ; J PETERS; B TRAUTMANN; A GAIRHOS; J HABERSTROH; B PAFFGEN; G HELLENTHAL; B HAAS-GEBHARD; M HARBECK a J BURGER. Population genomic analysis of elongated skulls reveals extensive female-biased immigration in Early Medieval Bavaria. \textit{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2018, roč.~115, č.~13, s.~3494-3499. ISSN~0027-8424. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719880115.

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