Mechanisms and incidence of torsades de pointes tachycardia

NOVOTNÝ, Tomáš. Mechanisms and incidence of torsades de pointes tachycardia. In Marek Malík. Sex and Cardiac Electrophysiology: Differences in Cardiac Electrical Disorders Between Men and Women. 1st edition. Neuveden: Academic Press, 2020, s. 303-308. ISBN 978-0-12-817728-0. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817728-0.00026-7.

Základní údaje

• Originální název: Mechanisms and incidence of torsades de pointes tachycardia
• Autoři: NOVOTNÝ, Tomáš (203 Česká republika, garant, domácí).
• Vydání: 1st edition. Neuveden, Sex and Cardiac Electrophysiology: Differences in Cardiac Electrical Disorders Between Men and Women, od s. 303-308, 6 s. 2020.
• Nakladatel: Academic Press

Další údaje

• Originální jazyk: angličtina
• Typ výsledku: Kapitola resp. kapitoly v odborné knize
• Obor: 30201 Cardiac and Cardiovascular systems
• Stát vydavatele: Velká Británie a Severní Irsko
• Utajení: není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství
• Forma vydání: tištěná verze "print"
• WWW: URL
• Kód RIV: RIV/00216224:14110/20:00118093
• Organizační jednotka: Lékařská fakulta
• ISBN: 978-0-12-817728-0
• Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-817728-0.00026-7
• Klíčová slova anglicky: Afterdepolarization; Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; Re-entry; Sex differences; Torsades de pointes
• Štítky: rivok, topvydavatel
• Příznaky: Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Anotace

Torsades de pointes (TdP) is a specific polymorphic ventricular tachycardia related to specific condition – QT interval prolongation in majority of cases. Mechanisms of TdP initiation and perpetuation are still not fully understood and are discussed in detail in this article. TdP is initiated by early afterdepolarizations (EADs). The L-type Ca current (ICa,L) and the Na–Ca exchange current (INCX) are the major currents with potential to create EADs. Density and activity of these currents are influenced by sex hormones which may thus contribute to sex differences in the susceptibility to triggered activity. Female sex was confirmed as an independent risk factor for TdP. In patients with acquired atrioventricular block females developed TdP at QT intervals shorter than males. Thus, there must be other sex specific factors that increase the risk of arrhythmias. In other words, the effect of sex goes beyond the action potential duration. The incidence of TdP is difficult to estimate due to differences in the methodology of a particular study. Nevetheless, it is clearly higher in women.