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@article{2213957,
author = {Khan, Hiba and Garg, Aakriti and Yasmeen, Yasmeen and Agarwal, Nidhi B. and Yadav, Deepak Kumar and Ashif Khan, Mohd and Hussain, Mohammad Salman},
article_location = {CLARE},
article_number = {October 2022},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114777},
keywords = {Death; Epidemiology; Insomnia; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; Suicide; Zolpidem},
language = {eng},
issn = {0165-1781},
journal = {Psychiatry Research},
title = {Zolpidem use and risk of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178122003717},
volume = {316},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 2213957
AU - Khan, Hiba - Garg, Aakriti - Yasmeen, Yasmeen - Agarwal, Nidhi B. - Yadav, Deepak Kumar - Ashif Khan, Mohd - Hussain, Mohammad Salman
PY - 2022
TI - Zolpidem use and risk of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis
JF - Psychiatry Research
VL - 316
IS - October 2022
SP - 1-8
EP - 1-8
PB - ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
SN - 01651781
KW - Death
KW - Epidemiology
KW - Insomnia
KW - Systematic review
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Suicide
KW - Zolpidem
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178122003717
N2 - Introduction Zolpidem is one of the most commonly prescribed nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drugs for insomnia. Published epidemiological studies linked zolpidem with the risk of suicide. However, to date, no meta-analysis investigated this association. Hence, we systematically reviewed and meta-analysed the current evidence from real-world studies reporting the risk of suicide with the use of zolpidem. Methods Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception till June 2021 for real-world evidence studies reporting the risk of suicide with the use of zolpidem. The quality assessment of included studies was assessed using the New-Castle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Random-effect meta-analysis was performed using a generic inverse variance method. Results This meta-analysis was based on four studies with 344,753 participants, of which 42,279 were zolpidem users. The methodological quality of all the included studies was of high quality. A significantly increased risk of suicide or suicide attempt was found in zolpidem users compared to non-users, with a pooled relative risk of 1.88 (95% CI: 1.54 – 2.30). Furthermore, an increased risk of suicidal death was observed in zolpidem users compared to non-users, with a pooled relative risk of 1.82 (95% CI: 1.43 – 2.30). Dose-response analysis also revealed a significantly increased risk of suicide in patients receiving ≥ 180cDDD (cumulative defined daily doses) of zolpidem (124 times), followed by 90–179cDDD (113 times) and <90cDDD (93 times) of zolpidem compared to non-users. Conclusion In conclusion, zolpidem use was associated with an increased risk of suicide or suicide attempt and suicidal death. Therefore, careful prescribing practices must be followed by considering the risk-benefit profile.
ER -
KHAN, Hiba, Aakriti GARG, Yasmeen YASMEEN, Nidhi B. AGARWAL, Deepak Kumar YADAV, Mohd ASHIF KHAN and Mohammad Salman HUSSAIN. Zolpidem use and risk of suicide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. \textit{Psychiatry Research}. CLARE: ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, 2022, vol.~316, October 2022, p.~1-8. ISSN~0165-1781. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114777.
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