Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries
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SCHINDLER, Simon; Carolin SCHUSTER; Maria I T OLSSON; Laura FROEHLICH; Ann-Kathrin HÜBNER; Katharina BLOCK; Colette VAN LAAR; Toni SCHMANDER; Loes MEEUSSEN; Sanne VAN GROOTEL; Alyssa CROFT; Molly Shuyi SUN; Lianne AARNTZEN; Mare AINSAAR; Magdalena ADAMUS ORCID; Joel ANDERSON; Ciara ATKINSON; Mohamad AVICENNA; Przemysław BĄBEL; Markus BARTH; Tessa M BENSON-GREENWALD; Jacques BERENT; Hilary B BERGSIEKER; Monica BIERNAT; Andreea G BÎRNEANU; Blerta BODINAKU; Janine BOSAK; Jennifer BOSSON; Marija BRANKOVIĆ; Julius BURKAUSKAS; Vladimíra KURINCOVÁ ČAVOJOVÁ; Sapna CHERYAN; Eunsoo CHOI; Incheol CHOI; Carlos C CONTRERAS-IBÁÑEZ; Andrew COOGAN; Ivan DANYLIUK; Ilan DAR-NIMROD; Nilanjana DASGUPTA; Soledad de LEMUS; Thierry DEVOS; Marwan DIAB; Amanda B DIEKMAN; Maria EFREMOVA; Léïla EISNER; Anja ELLER; Rasa ERENTAITE; Denisa FEDÁKOVÁ; Renata FRANC; Leire GARTZIA; Alin GAVRELIUC; Dana GAVRELIUC; Julija GECAITE-STONCIENE; Adriana L GERMANO; Ilaria GIOVANNELLI; Renzo Gismondi DIAZ; Lyudmila GITIKHMAYEVA; Abiy Menkir GIZAW; Biljana GJONESKA; Omar Martínez GONZÁLEZ; Roberto GONZÁLEZ; Isaac David GRIJALVA; Derya GÜNGÖR; Marie Gustafsson SENDÉN; William HALL; Charles HARB; Bushra HASSAN; Tabea HÄSSLER; Diala R HAWI; Levke HENNINGSEN; Annedore HOPPE; Keiko ISHII; Ivana JAKŠIĆ; Alba JASINI; Jurgita JURKEVIČIENĖ; Kaltrina KELMENDI; Teri A KIRBY; Yoko KITAKAJI; Natasza KOSAKOWSKA-BEREZECKA; Inna KOZYTSKA; Clara KULICH; Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ ORCID; Filiz KUNUROGLU; Christina Lapytskaia AIDY; Albert LEE; Anna LINDQVIST; Wilson LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ; Liany LUZVINDA; Edona MALOKU; Fridanna MARICCHIOLO; Delphine MARTINOT; Rita Anne MCNAMARA; Alyson MEISTER; Tizita Lemma MELKA; Narseta MICKUVIENE; María Isabel MIRANDA-ORREGO; Thadeus MKAMWA; James MORANDINI; Thomas MORTON; David MRISHO; Jana NIKITIN; Sabine OTTEN; Maria Giuseppina PACILLI; Elizabeth PAGE-GOULD; Ana PERANDRÉS; Jon PIZARRO; Nada POP-JORDANOVA; Joanna PYRKOSZ-PACYNA; Sameir QUTA; TamilSelvan RAMIS; Nitya RANI; Sandrine REDERSDORFF; Isabelle RÉGNER; Emma A RENSTRÖM; Adrian RIVERA-RODRIGUEZ; Sánchez Tania Esmeralda ROCHA; Tatiana RYABICHENKO; Rim SAAB; Kiriko SAKATA; Adil SAMEKIN; Tracy SÁNCHEZ-PACHECHO; Carolin SCHEIFELE; Marion K SCHULMEYER; Sabine SCZESNY; David SIRLOPÚ; Vanessa SMITH-CASTRO; Kadri SOO; Federica SPACCATINI; Jennifer R STEELE; Melanie C STEFFENS; Ines SUCIC; Joseph VANDELLO; Laura Maria VELÁSQUEZ-DÍAZ; Melissa VINK; Eva VIVES; Turuwark Zalalam WARKINEH; Iris ŽEŽELJ; Xiaoxiao ZHANG; Xian ZHAO; Sarah E MARTINY; Yasin KOC a Oemer Erdem KOCAK
Vydání
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, HOBOKEN, WILEY, 2025, 0144-6665
In the present work, we addressed the relationship between parental leave policies and social norms. Using a pre-registered, cross-national approach, we examined the relationship between parental leave policies and the perception of social norms for the gender division of childcare. In this study, 19,259 students (11,924 women) from 48 countries indicated the degree to which they believe childcare is (descriptive norm) and should be (prescriptive norm) equally divided among mothers and fathers. Policies were primarily operationalized as the existence of parental leave options in the respective country. The descriptive and prescriptive norms of equal division of childcare were stronger when parental leave was available in a country – also when controlling for potential confounding variables. Moreover, analyses of time since policy change suggested that policy change may initially affect prescriptive norms and then descriptive norms at a later point. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of the data, drawing causal inferences is difficult.
Návaznosti
MUNI/A/1622/2024, interní kód MU
Název: Religiozita, kauzalita, a behaviorální vzorce
Investor: Masarykova univerzita, Religiozita, kauzalita, a behaviorální vzorce
SCHINDLER, Simon; Carolin SCHUSTER; Maria I T OLSSON; Laura FROEHLICH; Ann-Kathrin HÜBNER; Katharina BLOCK; Colette VAN LAAR; Toni SCHMANDER; Loes MEEUSSEN; Sanne VAN GROOTEL; Alyssa CROFT; Molly Shuyi SUN; Lianne AARNTZEN; Mare AINSAAR; Magdalena ADAMUS; Joel ANDERSON; Ciara ATKINSON; Mohamad AVICENNA; Przemysław BĄBEL; Markus BARTH; Tessa M BENSON-GREENWALD; Jacques BERENT; Hilary B BERGSIEKER; Monica BIERNAT; Andreea G BÎRNEANU; Blerta BODINAKU; Janine BOSAK; Jennifer BOSSON; Marija BRANKOVIĆ; Julius BURKAUSKAS; Vladimíra KURINCOVÁ ČAVOJOVÁ; Sapna CHERYAN; Eunsoo CHOI; Incheol CHOI; Carlos C CONTRERAS-IBÁÑEZ; Andrew COOGAN; Ivan DANYLIUK; Ilan DAR-NIMROD; Nilanjana DASGUPTA; Soledad de LEMUS; Thierry DEVOS; Marwan DIAB; Amanda B DIEKMAN; Maria EFREMOVA; Léïla EISNER; Anja ELLER; Rasa ERENTAITE; Denisa FEDÁKOVÁ; Renata FRANC; Leire GARTZIA; Alin GAVRELIUC; Dana GAVRELIUC; Julija GECAITE-STONCIENE; Adriana L GERMANO; Ilaria GIOVANNELLI; Renzo Gismondi DIAZ; Lyudmila GITIKHMAYEVA; Abiy Menkir GIZAW; Biljana GJONESKA; Omar Martínez GONZÁLEZ; Roberto GONZÁLEZ; Isaac David GRIJALVA; Derya GÜNGÖR; Marie Gustafsson SENDÉN; William HALL; Charles HARB; Bushra HASSAN; Tabea HÄSSLER; Diala R HAWI; Levke HENNINGSEN; Annedore HOPPE; Keiko ISHII; Ivana JAKŠIĆ; Alba JASINI; Jurgita JURKEVIČIENĖ; Kaltrina KELMENDI; Teri A KIRBY; Yoko KITAKAJI; Natasza KOSAKOWSKA-BEREZECKA; Inna KOZYTSKA; Clara KULICH; Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ; Filiz KUNUROGLU; Christina Lapytskaia AIDY; Albert LEE; Anna LINDQVIST; Wilson LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ; Liany LUZVINDA; Edona MALOKU; Fridanna MARICCHIOLO; Delphine MARTINOT; Rita Anne MCNAMARA; Alyson MEISTER; Tizita Lemma MELKA; Narseta MICKUVIENE; María Isabel MIRANDA-ORREGO; Thadeus MKAMWA; James MORANDINI; Thomas MORTON; David MRISHO; Jana NIKITIN; Sabine OTTEN; Maria Giuseppina PACILLI; Elizabeth PAGE-GOULD; Ana PERANDRÉS; Jon PIZARRO; Nada POP-JORDANOVA; Joanna PYRKOSZ-PACYNA; Sameir QUTA; TamilSelvan RAMIS; Nitya RANI; Sandrine REDERSDORFF; Isabelle RÉGNER; Emma A RENSTRÖM; Adrian RIVERA-RODRIGUEZ; Sánchez Tania Esmeralda ROCHA; Tatiana RYABICHENKO; Rim SAAB; Kiriko SAKATA; Adil SAMEKIN; Tracy SÁNCHEZ-PACHECHO; Carolin SCHEIFELE; Marion K SCHULMEYER; Sabine SCZESNY; David SIRLOPÚ; Vanessa SMITH-CASTRO; Kadri SOO; Federica SPACCATINI; Jennifer R STEELE; Melanie C STEFFENS; Ines SUCIC; Joseph VANDELLO; Laura Maria VELÁSQUEZ-DÍAZ; Melissa VINK; Eva VIVES; Turuwark Zalalam WARKINEH; Iris ŽEŽELJ; Xiaoxiao ZHANG; Xian ZHAO; Sarah E MARTINY; Yasin KOC a Oemer Erdem KOCAK. Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. HOBOKEN: WILEY, 2025, roč. 64, č. 2, s. 1-24. ISSN 0144-6665. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12806.
@article{2445787, author = {Schindler, Simon and Schuster, Carolin and Olsson, Maria I T and Froehlich, Laura and Hübner, AnnandKathrin and Block, Katharina and Van Laar, Colette and Schmander, Toni and Meeussen, Loes and van Grootel, Sanne and Croft, Alyssa and Sun, Molly Shuyi and Aarntzen, Lianne and Ainsaar, Mare and Adamus, Magdalena and Anderson, Joel and Atkinson, Ciara and Avicenna, Mohamad and Bąbel, Przemysław and Barth, Markus and BensonandGreenwald, Tessa M and Berent, Jacques and Bergsieker, Hilary B and Biernat, Monica and Bîrneanu, Andreea G and Bodinaku, Blerta and Bosak, Janine and Bosson, Jennifer and Branković, Marija and Burkauskas, Julius and Kurincová Čavojová, Vladimíra and Cheryan, Sapna and Choi, Eunsoo and Choi, Incheol and ContrerasandIbáñez, Carlos C and Coogan, Andrew and Danyliuk, Ivan and DarandNimrod, Ilan and Dasgupta, Nilanjana and Lemus, Soledad de and Devos, Thierry and Diab, Marwan and Diekman, Amanda B and Efremova, Maria and Eisner, Léïla and Eller, Anja and Erentaite, Rasa and Fedáková, Denisa and Franc, Renata and Gartzia, Leire and Gavreliuc, Alin and Gavreliuc, Dana and GecaiteandStonciene, Julija and Germano, Adriana L and Giovannelli, Ilaria and Diaz, Renzo Gismondi and Gitikhmayeva, Lyudmila and Gizaw, Abiy Menkir and Gjoneska, Biljana and González, Omar Martínez and González, Roberto and Grijalva, Isaac David and Güngör, Derya and Sendén, Marie Gustafsson and Hall, William and Harb, Charles and Hassan, Bushra and Hässler, Tabea and Hawi, Diala R and Henningsen, Levke and Hoppe, Annedore and Ishii, Keiko and Jakšić, Ivana and Jasini, Alba and Jurkevičienė, Jurgita and Kelmendi, Kaltrina and Kirby, Teri A and Kitakaji, Yoko and KosakowskaandBerezecka, Natasza and Kozytska, Inna and Kulich, Clara and Kundtová Klocová, Eva and Kunuroglu, Filiz and Aidy, Christina Lapytskaia and Lee, Albert and Lindqvist, Anna and LópezandLópez, Wilson and Luzvinda, Liany and Maloku, Edona and Maricchiolo, Fridanna and Martinot, Delphine and McNamara, Rita Anne and Meister, Alyson and Melka, Tizita Lemma and Mickuviene, Narseta and MirandaandOrrego, María Isabel and Mkamwa, Thadeus and Morandini, James and Morton, Thomas and Mrisho, David and Nikitin, Jana and Otten, Sabine and Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina and PageandGould, Elizabeth and Perandrés, Ana and Pizarro, Jon and PopandJordanova, Nada and PyrkoszandPacyna, Joanna and Quta, Sameir and Ramis, TamilSelvan and Rani, Nitya and Redersdorff, Sandrine and Régner, Isabelle and Renström, Emma A and RiveraandRodriguez, Adrian and Rocha, Sánchez Tania Esmeralda and Ryabichenko, Tatiana and Saab, Rim and Sakata, Kiriko and Samekin, Adil and SánchezandPachecho, Tracy and Scheifele, Carolin and Schulmeyer, Marion K and Sczesny, Sabine and Sirlopú, David and SmithandCastro, Vanessa and Soo, Kadri and Spaccatini, Federica and Steele, Jennifer R and Steffens, Melanie C and Sucic, Ines and Vandello, Joseph and VelásquezandDíaz, Laura Maria and Vink, Melissa and Vives, Eva and Warkineh, Turuwark Zalalam and Žeželj, Iris and Zhang, Xiaoxiao and Zhao, Xian and Martiny, Sarah E and Koc, Yasin and Kocak, Oemer Erdem}, article_location = {HOBOKEN}, article_number = {2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12806}, keywords = {childcare; gender inequality; parental leave; policy; social norms}, language = {eng}, issn = {0144-6665}, journal = {BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}, title = {Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12806}, volume = {64}, year = {2025} }
TY - JOUR ID - 2445787 AU - Schindler, Simon - Schuster, Carolin - Olsson, Maria I T - Froehlich, Laura - Hübner, Ann-Kathrin - Block, Katharina - Van Laar, Colette - Schmander, Toni - Meeussen, Loes - van Grootel, Sanne - Croft, Alyssa - Sun, Molly Shuyi - Aarntzen, Lianne - Ainsaar, Mare - Adamus, Magdalena - Anderson, Joel - Atkinson, Ciara - Avicenna, Mohamad - Bąbel, Przemysław - Barth, Markus - Benson-Greenwald, Tessa M - Berent, Jacques - Bergsieker, Hilary B - Biernat, Monica - Bîrneanu, Andreea G - Bodinaku, Blerta - Bosak, Janine - Bosson, Jennifer - Branković, Marija - Burkauskas, Julius - Kurincová Čavojová, Vladimíra - Cheryan, Sapna - Choi, Eunsoo - Choi, Incheol - Contreras-Ibáñez, Carlos C - Coogan, Andrew - Danyliuk, Ivan - Dar-Nimrod, Ilan - Dasgupta, Nilanjana - Lemus, Soledad de - Devos, Thierry - Diab, Marwan - Diekman, Amanda B - Efremova, Maria - Eisner, Léïla - Eller, Anja - Erentaite, Rasa - Fedáková, Denisa - Franc, Renata - Gartzia, Leire - Gavreliuc, Alin - Gavreliuc, Dana - Gecaite-Stonciene, Julija - Germano, Adriana L - Giovannelli, Ilaria - Diaz, Renzo Gismondi - Gitikhmayeva, Lyudmila - Gizaw, Abiy Menkir - Gjoneska, Biljana - González, Omar Martínez - González, Roberto - Grijalva, Isaac David - Güngör, Derya - Sendén, Marie Gustafsson - Hall, William - Harb, Charles - Hassan, Bushra - Hässler, Tabea - Hawi, Diala R - Henningsen, Levke - Hoppe, Annedore - Ishii, Keiko - Jakšić, Ivana - Jasini, Alba - Jurkevičienė, Jurgita - Kelmendi, Kaltrina - Kirby, Teri A - Kitakaji, Yoko - Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza - Kozytska, Inna - Kulich, Clara - Kundtová Klocová, Eva - Kunuroglu, Filiz - Aidy, Christina Lapytskaia - Lee, Albert - Lindqvist, Anna - López-López, Wilson - Luzvinda, Liany - Maloku, Edona - Maricchiolo, Fridanna - Martinot, Delphine - McNamara, Rita Anne - Meister, Alyson - Melka, Tizita Lemma - Mickuviene, Narseta - Miranda-Orrego, María Isabel - Mkamwa, Thadeus - Morandini, James - Morton, Thomas - Mrisho, David - Nikitin, Jana - Otten, Sabine - Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina - Page-Gould, Elizabeth - Perandrés, Ana - Pizarro, Jon - Pop-Jordanova, Nada - Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna - Quta, Sameir - Ramis, TamilSelvan - Rani, Nitya - Redersdorff, Sandrine - Régner, Isabelle - Renström, Emma A - Rivera-Rodriguez, Adrian - Rocha, Sánchez Tania Esmeralda - Ryabichenko, Tatiana - Saab, Rim - Sakata, Kiriko - Samekin, Adil - Sánchez-Pachecho, Tracy - Scheifele, Carolin - Schulmeyer, Marion K - Sczesny, Sabine - Sirlopú, David - Smith-Castro, Vanessa - Soo, Kadri - Spaccatini, Federica - Steele, Jennifer R - Steffens, Melanie C - Sucic, Ines - Vandello, Joseph - Velásquez-Díaz, Laura Maria - Vink, Melissa - Vives, Eva - Warkineh, Turuwark Zalalam - Žeželj, Iris - Zhang, Xiaoxiao - Zhao, Xian - Martiny, Sarah E - Koc, Yasin - Kocak, Oemer Erdem PY - 2025 TI - Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries JF - BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY VL - 64 IS - 2 SP - 1-24 EP - 1-24 PB - WILEY SN - 01446665 KW - childcare KW - gender inequality KW - parental leave KW - policy KW - social norms UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12806 N2 - In the present work, we addressed the relationship between parental leave policies and social norms. Using a pre-registered, cross-national approach, we examined the relationship between parental leave policies and the perception of social norms for the gender division of childcare. In this study, 19,259 students (11,924 women) from 48 countries indicated the degree to which they believe childcare is (descriptive norm) and should be (prescriptive norm) equally divided among mothers and fathers. Policies were primarily operationalized as the existence of parental leave options in the respective country. The descriptive and prescriptive norms of equal division of childcare were stronger when parental leave was available in a country – also when controlling for potential confounding variables. Moreover, analyses of time since policy change suggested that policy change may initially affect prescriptive norms and then descriptive norms at a later point. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of the data, drawing causal inferences is difficult. ER -
SCHINDLER, Simon; Carolin SCHUSTER; Maria I T OLSSON; Laura FROEHLICH; Ann-Kathrin HÜBNER; Katharina BLOCK; Colette VAN LAAR; Toni SCHMANDER; Loes MEEUSSEN; Sanne VAN GROOTEL; Alyssa CROFT; Molly Shuyi SUN; Lianne AARNTZEN; Mare AINSAAR; Magdalena ADAMUS; Joel ANDERSON; Ciara ATKINSON; Mohamad AVICENNA; Przemysław BĄBEL; Markus BARTH; Tessa M BENSON-GREENWALD; Jacques BERENT; Hilary B BERGSIEKER; Monica BIERNAT; Andreea G B$\backslash$\^{}$\backslash$I$\{\}$RNEANU; Blerta BODINAKU; Janine BOSAK; Jennifer BOSSON; Marija BRANKOVI$\backslash$'C; Julius BURKAUSKAS; Vladimíra KURINCOVÁ ČAVOJOVÁ; Sapna CHERYAN; Eunsoo CHOI; Incheol CHOI; Carlos C CONTRERAS-IBÁÑEZ; Andrew COOGAN; Ivan DANYLIUK; Ilan DAR-NIMROD; Nilanjana DASGUPTA; Soledad de LEMUS; Thierry DEVOS; Marwan DIAB; Amanda B DIEKMAN; Maria EFREMOVA; Léïla EISNER; Anja ELLER; Rasa ERENTAITE; Denisa FEDÁKOVÁ; Renata FRANC; Leire GARTZIA; Alin GAVRELIUC; Dana GAVRELIUC; Julija GECAITE-STONCIENE; Adriana L GERMANO; Ilaria GIOVANNELLI; Renzo Gismondi DIAZ; Lyudmila GITIKHMAYEVA; Abiy Menkir GIZAW; Biljana GJONESKA; Omar Martínez GONZÁLEZ; Roberto GONZÁLEZ; Isaac David GRIJALVA; Derya GÜNGÖR; Marie Gustafsson SENDÉN; William HALL; Charles HARB; Bushra HASSAN; Tabea HÄSSLER; Diala R HAWI; Levke HENNINGSEN; Annedore HOPPE; Keiko ISHII; Ivana JAKŠI$\backslash$'C; Alba JASINI; Jurgita JURKEVIČIENĖ; Kaltrina KELMENDI; Teri A KIRBY; Yoko KITAKAJI; Natasza KOSAKOWSKA-BEREZECKA; Inna KOZYTSKA; Clara KULICH; Eva KUNDTOVÁ KLOCOVÁ; Filiz KUNUROGLU; Christina Lapytskaia AIDY; Albert LEE; Anna LINDQVIST; Wilson LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ; Liany LUZVINDA; Edona MALOKU; Fridanna MARICCHIOLO; Delphine MARTINOT; Rita Anne MCNAMARA; Alyson MEISTER; Tizita Lemma MELKA; Narseta MICKUVIENE; María Isabel MIRANDA-ORREGO; Thadeus MKAMWA; James MORANDINI; Thomas MORTON; David MRISHO; Jana NIKITIN; Sabine OTTEN; Maria Giuseppina PACILLI; Elizabeth PAGE-GOULD; Ana PERANDRÉS; Jon PIZARRO; Nada POP-JORDANOVA; Joanna PYRKOSZ-PACYNA; Sameir QUTA; TamilSelvan RAMIS; Nitya RANI; Sandrine REDERSDORFF; Isabelle RÉGNER; Emma A RENSTRÖM; Adrian RIVERA-RODRIGUEZ; Sánchez Tania Esmeralda ROCHA; Tatiana RYABICHENKO; Rim SAAB; Kiriko SAKATA; Adil SAMEKIN; Tracy SÁNCHEZ-PACHECHO; Carolin SCHEIFELE; Marion K SCHULMEYER; Sabine SCZESNY; David SIRLOPÚ; Vanessa SMITH-CASTRO; Kadri SOO; Federica SPACCATINI; Jennifer R STEELE; Melanie C STEFFENS; Ines SUCIC; Joseph VANDELLO; Laura Maria VELÁSQUEZ-DÍAZ; Melissa VINK; Eva VIVES; Turuwark Zalalam WARKINEH; Iris ŽEŽELJ; Xiaoxiao ZHANG; Xian ZHAO; Sarah E MARTINY; Yasin KOC a Oemer Erdem KOCAK. Policy as normative influence? On the relationship between parental leave policy and social norms in gender division of childcare across 48 countries. \textit{BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY}. HOBOKEN: WILEY, 2025, roč.~64, č.~2, s.~1-24. ISSN~0144-6665. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjso.12806.