Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe
recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms

D 2025

Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms

LACINA, Radim a Nicole GOTZNER

Základní údaje

Originální název

Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms

Autoři

LACINA, Radim a Nicole GOTZNER

Vydání

3. vyd. Neuvedeno, Proceedings of Experiments in Linguistic Meaning, od s. 201-213, 13 s. 2025

Nakladatel

Linguistic Society of America

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Stať ve sborníku

Obor

60203 Linguistics

Stát vydavatele

Spojené státy

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Forma vydání

elektronická verze "online"

Odkazy

URL

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Organizační jednotka

Filozofická fakulta

ISSN

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796

Klíčová slova anglicky

scalar implicatures; alternatives; probe recognition; antonyms; informational strength

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam

Změněno: 28. 1. 2026 17:27, prof. Radek Čech, Ph.D.

Anotace

V originále

Speakers often use scalar words such as warm in a pragmatically strengthened way that results in the conveyed meaning being warm but not hot. In these inferences, known as scalar implicatures, meaning alternatives have been postulated to play a crucial role. Upon encountering warm, the informationally stronger alternative hot has been shown to be active in online sentence processing. Antonyms (cool) have also been shown to be activated in the same way even though they are standardly assumed to not be involved in scalar implicature derivation. In the current study, we focus on the question of whether both strong scalar alternatives and antonyms are represented in the final mental model of the discourse following scalar implicature derivation. We ran two probe recognition experiments, testing strong scalars and antonyms. We found an interference effect for strong scalars, indicating their representation, but not one for antonyms. Thus, we provide evidence that only the strong scalars survive in the eventual representation of the pragmatic meaning of a sentence.

Citovat

LACINA, Radim a Nicole GOTZNER. Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms. Online. In Tyler Knowlton, Florian Schwarz, Anna Papafragou. Proceedings of Experiments in Linguistic Meaning. 3. vyd. Neuvedeno: Linguistic Society of America, 2025, s. 201-213. ISSN 2694-1791. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796.

@inproceedings{2471586,
   author = {Lacina, Radim and Gotzner, Nicole},
   address = {Neuvedeno},
   booktitle = {Proceedings of Experiments in Linguistic Meaning},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796},
   edition = {3},
   editor = {Tyler Knowlton, Florian Schwarz, Anna Papafragou},
   keywords = {scalar implicatures; alternatives; probe recognition; antonyms; informational strength},
   howpublished = {elektronická verze "online"},
   language = {eng},
   location = {Neuvedeno},
   pages = {201-213},
   publisher = {Linguistic Society of America},
   title = {Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796},
   year = {2025}
}

TY  - CONF
ID  - 2471586
AU  - Lacina, Radim - Gotzner, Nicole
PY  - 2025
TI  - Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms
PB  - Linguistic Society of America
CY  - Neuvedeno
KW  - scalar implicatures
KW  - alternatives
KW  - probe recognition
KW  - antonyms
KW  - informational strength
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796
N2  - Speakers often use scalar words such as warm in a pragmatically strengthened way that results in the conveyed meaning being warm but not hot. In these inferences, known as scalar implicatures, meaning alternatives have been postulated to play a crucial role. Upon encountering warm, the informationally stronger alternative hot has been shown to be active in online sentence processing. Antonyms (cool) have also been shown to be activated in the same way even though they are standardly assumed to not be involved in scalar implicature derivation. In the current study, we focus on the question of whether both strong scalar alternatives and antonyms are represented in the final mental model of the discourse following scalar implicature derivation. We ran two probe recognition experiments, testing strong scalars and antonyms. We found an interference effect for strong scalars, indicating their representation, but not one for antonyms. Thus, we provide evidence that only the strong scalars survive in the eventual representation of the pragmatic meaning of a sentence.
ER  -

LACINA, Radim a Nicole GOTZNER. Only the (informationally) stronger survive: A probe recognition study with scale-mates and antonyms. Online. In Tyler Knowlton, Florian Schwarz, Anna Papafragou. \textit{Proceedings of Experiments in Linguistic Meaning}. 3. vyd. Neuvedeno: Linguistic Society of America, 2025, s.~201-213. ISSN~2694-1791. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.3765/elm.3.5796.

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