Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk
Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked
Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study

J 2025

Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study

STENLANDER, Caroline; Hannes LINDAHL; Emelie WAHREN-BORGSTROM; Christoph B GEIER; Anna SEDIVA et al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study

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Vydání

Journal of Clinical Immunology, NEW YORK, SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2025, 0271-9142

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

30102 Immunology

Stát vydavatele

Spojené státy

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

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URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 5.700 v roce 2024

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Ano

Organizační jednotka

Lékařská fakulta

Klíčová slova anglicky

X-linked agammaglobulinemia; SARS CoV-2; Covid-19; Bronchiectasis; Vaccination; IgG trough levels

Štítky

14110114, rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 4. 12. 2025 07:34, Mgr. Tereza Miškechová

Anotace

V originále

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is caused by loss-of-function variants in Bruton's tyrosine kinase, leading to absence of circulating B lymphocytes and inability to produce antibodies. Despite the fear that patients with XLA would be at high risk for severe infection when the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in the society with low pre-existing immunity, most patients with XLA did not suffer from severe disease. However, some patients were critically affected. Factors associated with hospitalization in patients with XLA remain poorly described. Thus, we designed a study to determine risk factors associated with hospitalization due to Covid-19 in patients with XLA. Data was collected from 17 sites in Europe and the US, comprising n = 81 patients, with hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in 14 patients. Nearly 17% of patients with XLA required hospitalization due to Covid-19, but only 3 patients had ventilatory support. After correcting for the effect of the date of infection during the early pandemic, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that preexisting bronchiectasis and lower IgG serum trough levels (< 8 g/L) before infection were associated with an increased risk for hospitalization, with a high rate of superinfection. The lack of vaccination seemed to contribute to this risk, and ambulatory patients had higher amounts of CD4(+) T cells before infection compared to hospitalized patients. Thus, our data suggests a need for IgG trough levels above 8 g/L, especially in patients with bronchiectasis, to protect patients with XLA during viral infections such as Covid-19 and reduce morbidity due to superinfections.

Citovat

STENLANDER, Caroline; Hannes LINDAHL; Emelie WAHREN-BORGSTROM; Christoph B GEIER; Anna SEDIVA; Borre FEVANG; Cinzia MILITO; Claudia VARANDAS; Cristina ROCA-OPORTO; Federica PULVIRENTI; Isabel HODL; Ivana MALKUSOVA; Jacques G RIVIERE; Jiří LITZMAN; Jolan E WALTER; Leif G HANITSCH; Olaf NETH; Pavlina KRALICKOVA; Rahim MILLER; Serena SHAFFREN; Susana L SILVA; Terese KATZENSTEIN; Timi MARTELIUS; Urs C STEINER; C I Edvard SMITH; Klaus WARNATZ a Peter BERGMAN. Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Journal of Clinical Immunology. NEW YORK: SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2025, roč. 45, č. 1, s. 1-15. ISSN 0271-9142. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-025-01962-3.

@article{2537800,
   author = {Stenlander, Caroline and Lindahl, Hannes and WahrenandBorgstrom, Emelie and Geier, Christoph B and Sediva, Anna and Fevang, Borre and Milito, Cinzia and Varandas, Claudia and RocaandOporto, Cristina and Pulvirenti, Federica and Hodl, Isabel and Malkusova, Ivana and Riviere, Jacques G and Litzman, Jiří and Walter, Jolan E and Hanitsch, Leif G and Neth, Olaf and Kralickova, Pavlina and Miller, Rahim and Shaffren, Serena and Silva, Susana L and Katzenstein, Terese and Martelius, Timi and Steiner, Urs C and Smith, C I Edvard and Warnatz, Klaus and Bergman, Peter},
   article_location = {NEW YORK},
   article_number = {1},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-025-01962-3},
   keywords = {X-linked agammaglobulinemia; SARS CoV-2; Covid-19; Bronchiectasis; Vaccination; IgG trough levels},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0271-9142},
   journal = {Journal of Clinical Immunology},
   title = {Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study},
   url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10875-025-01962-3?utm_source=getftr&utm_medium=getftr&utm_campaign=getftr_pilot&getft_integrator=clarivate},
   volume = {45},
   year = {2025}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2537800
AU  - Stenlander, Caroline - Lindahl, Hannes - Wahren-Borgstrom, Emelie - Geier, Christoph B - Sediva, Anna - Fevang, Borre - Milito, Cinzia - Varandas, Claudia - Roca-Oporto, Cristina - Pulvirenti, Federica - Hodl, Isabel - Malkusova, Ivana - Riviere, Jacques G - Litzman, Jiří - Walter, Jolan E - Hanitsch, Leif G - Neth, Olaf - Kralickova, Pavlina - Miller, Rahim - Shaffren, Serena - Silva, Susana L - Katzenstein, Terese - Martelius, Timi - Steiner, Urs C - Smith, C I Edvard - Warnatz, Klaus - Bergman, Peter
PY  - 2025
TI  - Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study
JF  - Journal of Clinical Immunology
VL  - 45
IS  - 1
SP  - 1-15
EP  - 1-15
PB  - SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
SN  - 02719142
KW  - X-linked agammaglobulinemia
KW  - SARS CoV-2
KW  - Covid-19
KW  - Bronchiectasis
KW  - Vaccination
KW  - IgG trough levels
UR  - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10875-025-01962-3?utm_source=getftr&utm_medium=getftr&utm_campaign=getftr_pilot&getft_integrator=clarivate
N2  - X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is caused by loss-of-function variants in Bruton's tyrosine kinase, leading to absence of circulating B lymphocytes and inability to produce antibodies. Despite the fear that patients with XLA would be at high risk for severe infection when the novel virus SARS-CoV-2 emerged in the society with low pre-existing immunity, most patients with XLA did not suffer from severe disease. However, some patients were critically affected. Factors associated with hospitalization in patients with XLA remain poorly described. Thus, we designed a study to determine risk factors associated with hospitalization due to Covid-19 in patients with XLA. Data was collected from 17 sites in Europe and the US, comprising n = 81 patients, with hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in 14 patients. Nearly 17% of patients with XLA required hospitalization due to Covid-19, but only 3 patients had ventilatory support. After correcting for the effect of the date of infection during the early pandemic, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that preexisting bronchiectasis and lower IgG serum trough levels (< 8 g/L) before infection were associated with an increased risk for hospitalization, with a high rate of superinfection. The lack of vaccination seemed to contribute to this risk, and ambulatory patients had higher amounts of CD4(+) T cells before infection compared to hospitalized patients. Thus, our data suggests a need for IgG trough levels above 8 g/L, especially in patients with bronchiectasis, to protect patients with XLA during viral infections such as Covid-19 and reduce morbidity due to superinfections.
ER  -

STENLANDER, Caroline; Hannes LINDAHL; Emelie WAHREN-BORGSTROM; Christoph B GEIER; Anna SEDIVA; Borre FEVANG; Cinzia MILITO; Claudia VARANDAS; Cristina ROCA-OPORTO; Federica PULVIRENTI; Isabel HODL; Ivana MALKUSOVA; Jacques G RIVIERE; Jiří LITZMAN; Jolan E WALTER; Leif G HANITSCH; Olaf NETH; Pavlina KRALICKOVA; Rahim MILLER; Serena SHAFFREN; Susana L SILVA; Terese KATZENSTEIN; Timi MARTELIUS; Urs C STEINER; C I Edvard SMITH; Klaus WARNATZ a Peter BERGMAN. Bronchiectasis, Low IgG Levels and Lack of Vaccination are Risk Factors for Covid-19 Hospitalization in X-linked Agammaglobulinemia - A Retrospective Multicenter Study. \textit{Journal of Clinical Immunology}. NEW YORK: SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS, 2025, roč.~45, č.~1, s.~1-15. ISSN~0271-9142. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-025-01962-3.

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