X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies

J 2025

X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies

KOVÁCS, Orsolya Eszter; Norbert WERNER; Akos BOGDAN a Jelle DE PLAA

Základní údaje

Originální název

X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies

Autoři

KOVÁCS, Orsolya Eszter; Norbert WERNER; Akos BOGDAN a Jelle DE PLAA

Vydání

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, LES ULIS CEDEX A, EDP SCIENCES S A, 2025, 0004-6361

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

10308 Astronomy

Stát vydavatele

Francie

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 5.800 v roce 2024

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Ano

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Klíčová slova anglicky

galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; X-rays: galaxies; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; galaxies: cD

Štítky

14312040, rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 19. 1. 2026 10:48, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

We present the X-ray analysis of seven local compact elliptical galaxies (cEGs), selected for their morphological resemblance to high-redshift red nuggets. As likely descendants of the red nugget population, cEGs offer a unique window into the early Universe, enabling the study of early galaxy evolution and the interplay between black holes, stellar bulges, and dark matter halos. Using data from Chandra and XMM-Newton, we investigate the properties of the hot gaseous halos in cEGs. Two galaxies – MRK 1216 and PGC 32873 – host luminous, spatially extended X-ray atmospheres, allowing us to derive radial thermodynamic profiles. For MRK 1216, we performed high-resolution spectral modeling with RGS data, which hints at super-solar α/Fe abundance ratios. The remaining galaxies show either faint or undetected X-ray halos, though several display AGN-like (active galactic nucleus) power-law emission. In the context of local scaling relations, cEGs show only mild deviations from the general galaxy population, exhibiting a slightly steeper M★ − LX relation and occupying the lower boundary of the M★–Mvir relation. These trends suggest that high-redshift red nuggets may also host a diverse range of X-ray atmospheres. We speculate that the compactness of cEGs may trace back to the population of ‘little red dots’ (LRDs), hinting at a potential link between LRDs, red nuggets, and compact relic galaxies in the local Universe.

Návaznosti

GX21-13491X, projekt VaV

Název: Zkoumání žhavého vesmíru a porozumění kosmické zpětné vazbě (Akronym: EHU)

Investor: Grantová agentura ČR, Exploring the Hot Universe and Understanding Comic Feedback

871158, interní kód MU

Název: Integrated Activities for the High Energy Astrophysics Domain (AHEAD2020) (Akronym: AHEAD2020)

Investor: Evropská unie, Integrated Activities for the High Energy Astrophysics Domain (AHEAD2020), RI Research Infrastructures (Excellent Science)

Citovat

KOVÁCS, Orsolya Eszter; Norbert WERNER; Akos BOGDAN a Jelle DE PLAA. X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A, 2025, roč. 704, December, s. 1-10. ISSN 0004-6361. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555575.

@article{2548315,
   author = {Kovács, Orsolya Eszter and Werner, Norbert and Bogdan, Akos and De Plaa, Jelle},
   article_location = {LES ULIS CEDEX A},
   article_number = {December},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555575},
   keywords = {galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; X-rays: galaxies; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular; galaxies: cD},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0004-6361},
   journal = {ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS},
   title = {X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies},
   url = {https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa55575-25/aa55575-25.html},
   volume = {704},
   year = {2025}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2548315
AU  - Kovács, Orsolya Eszter - Werner, Norbert - Bogdan, Akos - De Plaa, Jelle
PY  - 2025
TI  - X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies
JF  - ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
VL  - 704
IS  - December
SP  - 1-10
EP  - 1-10
PB  - EDP SCIENCES S A
SN  - 00046361
KW  - galaxies: evolution
KW  - galaxies: formation
KW  - X-rays: galaxies
KW  - galaxies: elliptical and lenticular
KW  - galaxies: cD
UR  - https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2025/12/aa55575-25/aa55575-25.html
N2  - We present the X-ray analysis of seven local compact elliptical galaxies (cEGs), selected for their morphological resemblance to high-redshift red nuggets. As likely descendants of the red nugget population, cEGs offer a unique window into the early Universe, enabling the study of early galaxy evolution and the interplay between black holes, stellar bulges, and dark matter halos. Using data from Chandra and XMM-Newton, we investigate the properties of the hot gaseous halos in cEGs. Two galaxies – MRK 1216 and PGC 32873 – host luminous, spatially extended X-ray atmospheres, allowing us to derive radial thermodynamic profiles. For MRK 1216, we performed high-resolution spectral modeling with RGS data, which hints at super-solar α/Fe abundance ratios. The remaining galaxies show either faint or undetected X-ray halos, though several display AGN-like (active galactic nucleus) power-law emission. In the context of local scaling relations, cEGs show only mild deviations from the general galaxy population, exhibiting a slightly steeper M★ − LX relation and occupying the lower boundary of the M★–Mvir relation. These trends suggest that high-redshift red nuggets may also host a diverse range of X-ray atmospheres. We speculate that the compactness of cEGs may trace back to the population of ‘little red dots’ (LRDs), hinting at a potential link between LRDs, red nuggets, and compact relic galaxies in the local Universe.
ER  -

KOVÁCS, Orsolya Eszter; Norbert WERNER; Akos BOGDAN a Jelle DE PLAA. X-ray properties of massive compact relic galaxies. \textit{ASTRONOMY \&{} ASTROPHYSICS}. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A, 2025, roč.~704, December, s.~1-10. ISSN~0004-6361. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555575.

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