Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and
alters the immune response to vaccination

J 2025

Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination

CAPUCETTI, Arianna; Juliana FALIVENE; Chiara PIZZICHETTI; Irene LATINO; Luca MAZZUCCHELLI et al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination

Autoři

Vydání

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, WASHINGTON, NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2025, 0027-8424

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

30102 Immunology

Stát vydavatele

Spojené státy

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 9.100 v roce 2024

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Ano

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14310/25:00143499

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Klíčová slova anglicky

immunotoxicology; covid-vaccination; inflammation

Štítky

14314010, rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 22. 1. 2026 09:33, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

Despite safety concerns regarding the toxicity of tattoo ink, no studies have reported the consequences of tattooing on the immune response. In this work, we have characterized the transport and accumulation of different tattoo inks in the lymphatic system using a murine model. Upon quick lymphatic drainage, we observed that macrophages mainly capture the ink in the lymph node (LN). An initial inflammatory reaction at local and systemic levels follows ink capture. Notably, the inflammatory process is maintained over time, as we observed clear signs of inflammation in the draining LN 2 mo following tattooing. In addition, the capture of ink by macrophages was associated with the induction of apoptosis in both human and murine models. Furthermore, the ink accumulated in the LN altered the immune response against two different types of vaccines. On the one hand, we observed a reduced antibody response following vaccination with an messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, which was associated with a decreased expression of the spike protein in macrophages in the draining LN. In contrast, we observed an enhanced response when vaccinated with influenza vaccine inactivated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Considering the unstoppable trend of tattooing in the population, our results are crucial in informing the toxicology programs, policymakers, and the general public regarding the potential risk of the tattooing practice associated with an altered immune response.

Citovat

CAPUCETTI, Arianna; Juliana FALIVENE; Chiara PIZZICHETTI; Irene LATINO; Luca MAZZUCCHELLI; Vivien SCHACHT; Urs HAURI; Andrea RAIMONDI; Tommaso VIRGILIO; Alain PULFER; Simone MOSOLE; Llorenc GRAU-ROMA; Wolfgang BAUMLER; Martin PALUS; Louis RENNER; Daniel RŮŽEK; Gabrielle Goldman LEVY; Milena FOERSTER; Kamil CHAHINE a Santiago F. GONZALEZ. Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2025, roč. 122, č. 48, s. 1-11. ISSN 0027-8424. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2510392122.

@article{2549169,
   author = {Capucetti, Arianna and Falivene, Juliana and Pizzichetti, Chiara and Latino, Irene and Mazzucchelli, Luca and Schacht, Vivien and Hauri, Urs and Raimondi, Andrea and Virgilio, Tommaso and Pulfer, Alain and Mosole, Simone and GrauandRoma, Llorenc and Baumler, Wolfgang and Palus, Martin and Renner, Louis and Růžek, Daniel and Levy, Gabrielle Goldman and Foerster, Milena and Chahine, Kamil and Gonzalez, Santiago F.},
   article_location = {WASHINGTON},
   article_number = {48},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2510392122},
   keywords = {immunotoxicology; covid-vaccination; inflammation},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0027-8424},
   journal = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA},
   title = {Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination},
   url = {https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2510392122},
   volume = {122},
   year = {2025}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2549169
AU  - Capucetti, Arianna - Falivene, Juliana - Pizzichetti, Chiara - Latino, Irene - Mazzucchelli, Luca - Schacht, Vivien - Hauri, Urs - Raimondi, Andrea - Virgilio, Tommaso - Pulfer, Alain - Mosole, Simone - Grau-Roma, Llorenc - Baumler, Wolfgang - Palus, Martin - Renner, Louis - Růžek, Daniel - Levy, Gabrielle Goldman - Foerster, Milena - Chahine, Kamil - Gonzalez, Santiago F.
PY  - 2025
TI  - Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination
JF  - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
VL  - 122
IS  - 48
SP  - 1-11
EP  - 1-11
PB  - NATL ACAD SCIENCES
SN  - 00278424
KW  - immunotoxicology
KW  - covid-vaccination
KW  - inflammation
UR  - https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2510392122
N2  - Despite safety concerns regarding the toxicity of tattoo ink, no studies have reported the consequences of tattooing on the immune response. In this work, we have characterized the transport and accumulation of different tattoo inks in the lymphatic system using a murine model. Upon quick lymphatic drainage, we observed that macrophages mainly capture the ink in the lymph node (LN). An initial inflammatory reaction at local and systemic levels follows ink capture. Notably, the inflammatory process is maintained over time, as we observed clear signs of inflammation in the draining LN 2 mo following tattooing. In addition, the capture of ink by macrophages was associated with the induction of apoptosis in both human and murine models. Furthermore, the ink accumulated in the LN altered the immune response against two different types of vaccines. On the one hand, we observed a reduced antibody response following vaccination with an messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine, which was associated with a decreased expression of the spike protein in macrophages in the draining LN. In contrast, we observed an enhanced response when vaccinated with influenza vaccine inactivated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Considering the unstoppable trend of tattooing in the population, our results are crucial in informing the toxicology programs, policymakers, and the general public regarding the potential risk of the tattooing practice associated with an altered immune response.
ER  -

CAPUCETTI, Arianna; Juliana FALIVENE; Chiara PIZZICHETTI; Irene LATINO; Luca MAZZUCCHELLI; Vivien SCHACHT; Urs HAURI; Andrea RAIMONDI; Tommaso VIRGILIO; Alain PULFER; Simone MOSOLE; Llorenc GRAU-ROMA; Wolfgang BAUMLER; Martin PALUS; Louis RENNER; Daniel RŮŽEK; Gabrielle Goldman LEVY; Milena FOERSTER; Kamil CHAHINE a Santiago F. GONZALEZ. Tattoo ink induces inflammation in the draining lymph node and alters the immune response to vaccination. \textit{PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA}. WASHINGTON: NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2025, roč.~122, č.~48, s.~1-11. ISSN~0027-8424. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2510392122.

Přehled o publikaci