Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study
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LABOUNEK, Rene; Monica T BONDY; Amy L PAULSON; Sandrine BEDARD; Mihael ABRAMOVIC; Eva ALONSO-ORTIZ; Nicole T ATCHESON; Laura R BARLOW; Robert L BARRY; Markus BARTH; Marco BATTISTON; Christian BUECHEL; Matthew D BUDDE; Virginie CALLOT; Anna COMBES; De Leener BENJAMIN; Maxime DESCOTEAUX; de Sousa Paulo LOUREIRO; Marek DOSTÁL; Julien DOYON; Adam V DVORAK; Falk EIPPERT; Karla R EPPERSON; Kevin S EPPERSON; Patrick FREUND; Juergen FINSTERBUSCH; Alexandru FOIAS; Michela FRATINI; Issei FUKUNAGA; Claudia A M Gandini WHEELER-KINGSHOTT; GianCarlo GERMANI; Guillaume GILBERT; Federico GIOVE; Francesco GRUSSU; Akifumi HAGIWARA; Pierre-Gilles HENRY; Tomáš HORÁK; Masaaki HORI; James M. JOERS; Kouhei KAMIYA; Haleh KARBASFOROUSHAN; Miloš KEŘKOVSKÝ; Ali KHATIBI; Joo-won KIM; Nawal KINANY; Hagen KITZLER; Shannon KOLIND; Yazhuo KONG; Petr KUDLIČKA ORCID; Paul KUNTKE; Nyoman D KURNIAWAN; Slawomir KUSMIA; Maria Marcella LAGANA; Cornelia LAULE; Christine S W LAW; Tobias LEUTRITZ; Yaou LIU; Sara LLUFRIU; Sean MACKEY; Allan R. MARTIN; Eloy MARTINEZ-HERAS; Loan MATTERA; Kristin P. O'GRADY; Nico PAPINUTTO; Daniel PAPP; Deborah PARETO; Todd B. PARRISH; Anna PICHIECCHIO; Ferran PRADOS; Alex ROVIRA; Marc J. RUITENBERG; Rebecca S. SAMSON; Giovanni SAVINI; Maryam SEIF; Alan C. SEIFERT; Alex K. SMITH; Seth A. SMITH; Zachary A. SMITH; Elisabeth SOLANA; Yuichi SUZUKI; George W. TACKLEY; Alexandra TINNERMANN; Jan VALOSEK; Dimitri VAN DE VILLE; Marios C. YIANNAKAS; Kenneth A. II WEBER; Nikolaus WEISKOPF; Richard G. WISE; Patrik O. WYSS; Junqian XU; Julien COHEN-ADAD; Christophe LENGLET a Igor NESTRASIL
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Imaging Neuroscience, United States, MIT Press, 2025, 2837-6056
Clinical research emphasizes the implementation of rigorous and reproducible study designs that rely on between-group matching or controlling for sources of biological variation such as subject's sex and age. However, corrections for body size (i.e., height and weight) are mostly lacking in clinical neuroimaging designs. This study investigates the importance of body size parameters in their relationship with spinal cord (SC) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics. Data were derived from a cosmopolitan population of 267 healthy human adults (age 30.1 +/- 6.6 years old, 125 females). We show that body height correlates with brain gray matter (GM) volume, cortical GM volume, total cerebellar volume, brainstem volume, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of cervical SC white matter (CSA-WM; 0.44 <= r <= 0.62). Intracranial volume (ICV) correlates with body height (r = 0.46) and the brain volumes and CSA-WM (0.37 <= r <= 0.77). In comparison, age correlates with cortical GM volume, precentral GM volume, and cortical thickness (-0.21 >= r >= -0.27). Body weight correlates with magnetization transfer ratio in the SC WM, dorsal columns, and lateral corticospinal tracts (-0.20 >= r >= -0.23). Body weight further correlates with the mean diffusivity derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in SC WM (r = -0.20) and dorsal columns (-0.21), but only in males. CSA-WM correlates with brain volumes (0.39 <= r <= 0.64), and with precentral gyrus thickness and DTI-based fractional anisotropy in SC dorsal columns and SC lateral corticospinal tracts (-0.22 >= r >= -0.25). Linear mixture of age, sex, or sex and age, explained 2 +/- 2%, 24 +/- 10%, or 26 +/- 10%, of data variance in brain volumetry and SC CSA. The amount of explained variance increased to 33 +/- 11%, 41 +/- 17%, or 46 +/- 17%, when body height, ICV, or body height and ICV were added into the mixture model. In females, the explained variances halved suggesting another unidentified biological factor(s) determining females' central nervous system (CNS) morphology. In conclusion, body size and ICV are significant biological variables. Along with sex and age, body size should therefore be included as a mandatory variable in the design of clinical neuroimaging studies examining SC and brain structure; and body size and ICV should be considered as covariates in statistical analyses. Normalization of different brain regions with ICV diminishes their correlations with body size, but simultaneously amplifies ICV-related variance (r = 0.72 +/- 0.07) and suppresses volume variance of the different brain regions (r = 0.12 +/- 0.19) in the normalized measurements.
LABOUNEK, Rene; Monica T BONDY; Amy L PAULSON; Sandrine BEDARD; Mihael ABRAMOVIC; Eva ALONSO-ORTIZ; Nicole T ATCHESON; Laura R BARLOW; Robert L BARRY; Markus BARTH; Marco BATTISTON; Christian BUECHEL; Matthew D BUDDE; Virginie CALLOT; Anna COMBES; De Leener BENJAMIN; Maxime DESCOTEAUX; de Sousa Paulo LOUREIRO; Marek DOSTÁL; Julien DOYON; Adam V DVORAK; Falk EIPPERT; Karla R EPPERSON; Kevin S EPPERSON; Patrick FREUND; Juergen FINSTERBUSCH; Alexandru FOIAS; Michela FRATINI; Issei FUKUNAGA; Claudia A M Gandini WHEELER-KINGSHOTT; GianCarlo GERMANI; Guillaume GILBERT; Federico GIOVE; Francesco GRUSSU; Akifumi HAGIWARA; Pierre-Gilles HENRY; Tomáš HORÁK; Masaaki HORI; James M. JOERS; Kouhei KAMIYA; Haleh KARBASFOROUSHAN; Miloš KEŘKOVSKÝ; Ali KHATIBI; Joo-won KIM; Nawal KINANY; Hagen KITZLER; Shannon KOLIND; Yazhuo KONG; Petr KUDLIČKA; Paul KUNTKE; Nyoman D KURNIAWAN; Slawomir KUSMIA; Maria Marcella LAGANA; Cornelia LAULE; Christine S W LAW; Tobias LEUTRITZ; Yaou LIU; Sara LLUFRIU; Sean MACKEY; Allan R. MARTIN; Eloy MARTINEZ-HERAS; Loan MATTERA; Kristin P. O'GRADY; Nico PAPINUTTO; Daniel PAPP; Deborah PARETO; Todd B. PARRISH; Anna PICHIECCHIO; Ferran PRADOS; Alex ROVIRA; Marc J. RUITENBERG; Rebecca S. SAMSON; Giovanni SAVINI; Maryam SEIF; Alan C. SEIFERT; Alex K. SMITH; Seth A. SMITH; Zachary A. SMITH; Elisabeth SOLANA; Yuichi SUZUKI; George W. TACKLEY; Alexandra TINNERMANN; Jan VALOSEK; Dimitri VAN DE VILLE; Marios C. YIANNAKAS; Kenneth A. II WEBER; Nikolaus WEISKOPF; Richard G. WISE; Patrik O. WYSS; Junqian XU; Julien COHEN-ADAD; Christophe LENGLET a Igor NESTRASIL. Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study. Imaging Neuroscience. United States: MIT Press, 2025, roč. 3, May 2025, s. 1-31. ISSN 2837-6056. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00559.
@article{2551981, author = {Labounek, Rene and Bondy, Monica T and Paulson, Amy L and Bedard, Sandrine and Abramovic, Mihael and AlonsoandOrtiz, Eva and Atcheson, Nicole T and Barlow, Laura R and Barry, Robert L and Barth, Markus and Battiston, Marco and Buechel, Christian and Budde, Matthew D and Callot, Virginie and Combes, Anna and Benjamin, De Leener and Descoteaux, Maxime and Loureiro, de Sousa Paulo and Dostál, Marek and Doyon, Julien and Dvorak, Adam V and Eippert, Falk and Epperson, Karla R and Epperson, Kevin S and Freund, Patrick and Finsterbusch, Juergen and Foias, Alexandru and Fratini, Michela and Fukunaga, Issei and WheelerandKingshott, Claudia A M Gandini and Germani, GianCarlo and Gilbert, Guillaume and Giove, Federico and Grussu, Francesco and Hagiwara, Akifumi and Henry, PierreandGilles and Horák, Tomáš and Hori, Masaaki and Joers, James M. and Kamiya, Kouhei and Karbasforoushan, Haleh and Keřkovský, Miloš and Khatibi, Ali and Kim, Jooandwon and Kinany, Nawal and Kitzler, Hagen and Kolind, Shannon and Kong, Yazhuo and Kudlička, Petr and Kuntke, Paul and Kurniawan, Nyoman D and Kusmia, Slawomir and Lagana, Maria Marcella and Laule, Cornelia and Law, Christine S W and Leutritz, Tobias and Liu, Yaou and Llufriu, Sara and Mackey, Sean and Martin, Allan R. and MartinezandHeras, Eloy and Mattera, Loan and O'Grady, Kristin P. and Papinutto, Nico and Papp, Daniel and Pareto, Deborah and Parrish, Todd B. and Pichiecchio, Anna and Prados, Ferran and Rovira, Alex and Ruitenberg, Marc J. and Samson, Rebecca S. and Savini, Giovanni and Seif, Maryam and Seifert, Alan C. and Smith, Alex K. and Smith, Seth A. and Smith, Zachary A. and Solana, Elisabeth and Suzuki, Yuichi and Tackley, George W. and Tinnermann, Alexandra and Valosek, Jan and Van De Ville, Dimitri and Yiannakas, Marios C. and Weber, Kenneth A. II and Weiskopf, Nikolaus and Wise, Richard G. and Wyss, Patrik O. and Xu, Junqian and CohenandAdad, Julien and Lenglet, Christophe and Nestrasil, Igor}, article_location = {United States}, article_number = {May 2025}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1162/imag_a_00559}, keywords = {spinal cord; brain; body height and weight; intracranial volume; structural magnetic resonance imaging; in vivo human neuroimaging}, language = {eng}, issn = {2837-6056}, journal = {Imaging Neuroscience}, title = {Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study}, url = {https://direct.mit.edu/imag/article/doi/10.1162/imag_a_00559/128821/Body-size-and-intracranial-volume-interact-with}, volume = {3}, year = {2025} }
TY - JOUR ID - 2551981 AU - Labounek, Rene - Bondy, Monica T - Paulson, Amy L - Bedard, Sandrine - Abramovic, Mihael - Alonso-Ortiz, Eva - Atcheson, Nicole T - Barlow, Laura R - Barry, Robert L - Barth, Markus - Battiston, Marco - Buechel, Christian - Budde, Matthew D - Callot, Virginie - Combes, Anna - Benjamin, De Leener - Descoteaux, Maxime - Loureiro, de Sousa Paulo - Dostál, Marek - Doyon, Julien - Dvorak, Adam V - Eippert, Falk - Epperson, Karla R - Epperson, Kevin S - Freund, Patrick - Finsterbusch, Juergen - Foias, Alexandru - Fratini, Michela - Fukunaga, Issei - Wheeler-Kingshott, Claudia A M Gandini - Germani, GianCarlo - Gilbert, Guillaume - Giove, Federico - Grussu, Francesco - Hagiwara, Akifumi - Henry, Pierre-Gilles - Horák, Tomáš - Hori, Masaaki - Joers, James M. - Kamiya, Kouhei - Karbasforoushan, Haleh - Keřkovský, Miloš - Khatibi, Ali - Kim, Joo-won - Kinany, Nawal - Kitzler, Hagen - Kolind, Shannon - Kong, Yazhuo - Kudlička, Petr - Kuntke, Paul - Kurniawan, Nyoman D - Kusmia, Slawomir - Lagana, Maria Marcella - Laule, Cornelia - Law, Christine S W - Leutritz, Tobias - Liu, Yaou - Llufriu, Sara - Mackey, Sean - Martin, Allan R. - Martinez-Heras, Eloy - Mattera, Loan - O'Grady, Kristin P. - Papinutto, Nico - Papp, Daniel - Pareto, Deborah - Parrish, Todd B. - Pichiecchio, Anna - Prados, Ferran - Rovira, Alex - Ruitenberg, Marc J. - Samson, Rebecca S. - Savini, Giovanni - Seif, Maryam - Seifert, Alan C. - Smith, Alex K. - Smith, Seth A. - Smith, Zachary A. - Solana, Elisabeth - Suzuki, Yuichi - Tackley, George W. - Tinnermann, Alexandra - Valosek, Jan - Van De Ville, Dimitri - Yiannakas, Marios C. - Weber, Kenneth A. II - Weiskopf, Nikolaus - Wise, Richard G. - Wyss, Patrik O. - Xu, Junqian - Cohen-Adad, Julien - Lenglet, Christophe - Nestrasil, Igor PY - 2025 TI - Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study JF - Imaging Neuroscience VL - 3 IS - May 2025 SP - 1-31 EP - 1-31 PB - MIT Press SN - 28376056 KW - spinal cord KW - brain KW - body height and weight KW - intracranial volume KW - structural magnetic resonance imaging KW - in vivo human neuroimaging UR - https://direct.mit.edu/imag/article/doi/10.1162/imag_a_00559/128821/Body-size-and-intracranial-volume-interact-with N2 - Clinical research emphasizes the implementation of rigorous and reproducible study designs that rely on between-group matching or controlling for sources of biological variation such as subject's sex and age. However, corrections for body size (i.e., height and weight) are mostly lacking in clinical neuroimaging designs. This study investigates the importance of body size parameters in their relationship with spinal cord (SC) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics. Data were derived from a cosmopolitan population of 267 healthy human adults (age 30.1 +/- 6.6 years old, 125 females). We show that body height correlates with brain gray matter (GM) volume, cortical GM volume, total cerebellar volume, brainstem volume, and cross-sectional area (CSA) of cervical SC white matter (CSA-WM; 0.44 <= r <= 0.62). Intracranial volume (ICV) correlates with body height (r = 0.46) and the brain volumes and CSA-WM (0.37 <= r <= 0.77). In comparison, age correlates with cortical GM volume, precentral GM volume, and cortical thickness (-0.21 >= r >= -0.27). Body weight correlates with magnetization transfer ratio in the SC WM, dorsal columns, and lateral corticospinal tracts (-0.20 >= r >= -0.23). Body weight further correlates with the mean diffusivity derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in SC WM (r = -0.20) and dorsal columns (-0.21), but only in males. CSA-WM correlates with brain volumes (0.39 <= r <= 0.64), and with precentral gyrus thickness and DTI-based fractional anisotropy in SC dorsal columns and SC lateral corticospinal tracts (-0.22 >= r >= -0.25). Linear mixture of age, sex, or sex and age, explained 2 +/- 2%, 24 +/- 10%, or 26 +/- 10%, of data variance in brain volumetry and SC CSA. The amount of explained variance increased to 33 +/- 11%, 41 +/- 17%, or 46 +/- 17%, when body height, ICV, or body height and ICV were added into the mixture model. In females, the explained variances halved suggesting another unidentified biological factor(s) determining females' central nervous system (CNS) morphology. In conclusion, body size and ICV are significant biological variables. Along with sex and age, body size should therefore be included as a mandatory variable in the design of clinical neuroimaging studies examining SC and brain structure; and body size and ICV should be considered as covariates in statistical analyses. Normalization of different brain regions with ICV diminishes their correlations with body size, but simultaneously amplifies ICV-related variance (r = 0.72 +/- 0.07) and suppresses volume variance of the different brain regions (r = 0.12 +/- 0.19) in the normalized measurements. ER -
LABOUNEK, Rene; Monica T BONDY; Amy L PAULSON; Sandrine BEDARD; Mihael ABRAMOVIC; Eva ALONSO-ORTIZ; Nicole T ATCHESON; Laura R BARLOW; Robert L BARRY; Markus BARTH; Marco BATTISTON; Christian BUECHEL; Matthew D BUDDE; Virginie CALLOT; Anna COMBES; De Leener BENJAMIN; Maxime DESCOTEAUX; de Sousa Paulo LOUREIRO; Marek DOSTÁL; Julien DOYON; Adam V DVORAK; Falk EIPPERT; Karla R EPPERSON; Kevin S EPPERSON; Patrick FREUND; Juergen FINSTERBUSCH; Alexandru FOIAS; Michela FRATINI; Issei FUKUNAGA; Claudia A M Gandini WHEELER-KINGSHOTT; GianCarlo GERMANI; Guillaume GILBERT; Federico GIOVE; Francesco GRUSSU; Akifumi HAGIWARA; Pierre-Gilles HENRY; Tomáš HORÁK; Masaaki HORI; James M. JOERS; Kouhei KAMIYA; Haleh KARBASFOROUSHAN; Miloš KEŘKOVSKÝ; Ali KHATIBI; Joo-won KIM; Nawal KINANY; Hagen KITZLER; Shannon KOLIND; Yazhuo KONG; Petr KUDLIČKA; Paul KUNTKE; Nyoman D KURNIAWAN; Slawomir KUSMIA; Maria Marcella LAGANA; Cornelia LAULE; Christine S W LAW; Tobias LEUTRITZ; Yaou LIU; Sara LLUFRIU; Sean MACKEY; Allan R. MARTIN; Eloy MARTINEZ-HERAS; Loan MATTERA; Kristin P. O'GRADY; Nico PAPINUTTO; Daniel PAPP; Deborah PARETO; Todd B. PARRISH; Anna PICHIECCHIO; Ferran PRADOS; Alex ROVIRA; Marc J. RUITENBERG; Rebecca S. SAMSON; Giovanni SAVINI; Maryam SEIF; Alan C. SEIFERT; Alex K. SMITH; Seth A. SMITH; Zachary A. SMITH; Elisabeth SOLANA; Yuichi SUZUKI; George W. TACKLEY; Alexandra TINNERMANN; Jan VALOSEK; Dimitri VAN DE VILLE; Marios C. YIANNAKAS; Kenneth A. II WEBER; Nikolaus WEISKOPF; Richard G. WISE; Patrik O. WYSS; Junqian XU; Julien COHEN-ADAD; Christophe LENGLET a Igor NESTRASIL. Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study. \textit{Imaging Neuroscience}. United States: MIT Press, 2025, roč.~3, May 2025, s.~1-31. ISSN~2837-6056. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.1162/imag\_{}a\_{}00559.