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@inbook{701726,
author = {Helešic, Jan and Soldán, Tomáš and Špaček, Jan and Frakač, J and Král, D and Škorpík, M},
address = {Praha},
booktitle = {(eds): Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. Bezobratlí. Red list of threatened species in the Czech Republic. Invertebrates},
edition = {1},
keywords = {Red list; Invertebrates; Stonefly},
language = {cze},
location = {Praha},
isbn = {80-86064-96-4},
pages = {128 - 131},
publisher = {Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny ČR},
title = {Plecoptera (pošvatky)},
year = {2006}
}
TY - CHAP
ID - 701726
AU - Helešic, Jan - Soldán, Tomáš - Špaček, Jan - Frakač, J - Král, D - Škorpík, M
PY - 2006
TI - Plecoptera (pošvatky)
VL - Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. 1
PB - Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny ČR
CY - Praha
SN - 8086064964
KW - Red list
KW - Invertebrates
KW - Stonefly
N2 - Except for partial revisions (NOVÁKOVÁ 1956, RAUŠER 1956a, 1956b, 1957, 1963), keys to determination (RAUŠER 1959, 1980) and unpublished monograph by KŘELINOVÁ (1962) dealing with the distribution of 82 species of the Labe river basin, the Plecoptera of the Czech Republic have not yet been comprehensively treated. About 115 species belonging to 23 genera and 7 families are currently supposed to occur here (SOLDÁN et al. 1998). In the course of the last decade, a number of papers aimed at ecology and occurrence of rare and endangered species were published (e. g. HELEŠIC & SEDLÁK 1995, PAPÁČEK & SOLDÁN 1995, SOLDÁN et al. 1996, LANDA et al. 1997, ŠPAČEK 1998, SOLDÁN & HELEŠIC, 1999, HELEŠIC 1999, ŠPAČEK 1999, ŠPAČEK et al. 1999, HELEŠIC 2001, PREISLER & ŠPAČEK 2001, SOLDÁN & ŠPAČEK 2002, SOLDÁN 2005) indicating this number still incoplete. Plecoptera are a strongly endangered group with a narrow ecological range, living in streams with the original, not disturbed morphology and original temperature and oxygen conditions. The main limiting factors are changes of the substrate roughness (e.g. regulation of streams, sedimentation), eutrophication, acidification, local and global warming and also contamination of water and sediments by heavy metals and persistent organic substances. Most species are oligostenotherms; some groups (Perlidae, Perlodidae) are top predators of macrozoobenthos with several-year development and pronounced life K-strategy. They are also endangered by the destruction or contamination of food webs. In addition to several species in Red Book of Endangered and Rare species (RAUŠER 1992) the list presented below is based on data concerning 73 species (about 80 % of the tentative total number of species living in the Czech Republic); the nomenclature adopted here follows that by GRAAF et al. (1995). With respect to only slight differentiation and still insufficient knowledge of morphological characters in certain genera (e.g., Isoperla, Nemoura, Protonemura, Leuctra) the identification of species based on larval material, which is mostly available, is very difficult or problematic. Consequently, some species, the material of which still needs a revision and/or the occurrence is documented in the close vicinity of the country border only, have been preliminarily included as well, mostly in the NT category.
ER -
HELEŠIC, Jan, Tomáš SOLDÁN a Jan ŠPAČEK. Plecoptera (pošvatky). In FRAKAČ, J, D KRÁL a M ŠKORPÍK. \textit{(eds): Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. Bezobratlí. Red list of threatened species in the Czech Republic. Invertebrates}. 1. vyd. Praha: Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny ČR, 2006, s.~128 - 131. Červený seznam ohrožených druhů České republiky. 1. ISBN~80-86064-96-4.
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