BOBO0221p Spectacles Optics I - lecture

Faculty of Medicine
spring 2025
Extent and Intensity
2/0/0. 1 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
prof. RNDr. Radim Chmelík, Ph.D. (lecturer), doc. MUDr. Svatopluk Synek, CSc. (deputy)
Guaranteed by
prof. RNDr. Radim Chmelík, Ph.D.
Department of Optometry and Orthoptics – Departments of Non-medical Branches – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: Lenka Herníková
Supplier department: Department of Optometry and Orthoptics – Departments of Non-medical Branches – Faculty of Medicine
Prerequisites
BOAF0131p Eye's anatomy and physiology I && BOGO0121c Geometric Optics I-p
Knowledge of geometric optics and eye anatomy.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The aim of the course is to teach students to apply the basic laws of geometric optics to the eye as a multi-element centered optical system, which can be burdened by various defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia, astigmatism, anisometropia, aniseikonia, aphakia) and corrected by glasses or contact lenses.
Learning outcomes
After completing the course, the student will:
- understand Gullstrand's model of the eye and other eye models and be able to use them in optical calculations
- understand and be able to use the concept of visual acuity, understand the principle and use of optotype boards
- understand the optical causes of the basic spherical refractive errors of the eye and their basic parameters
- understand the optical principle of myopia, hypermetropia, and aphakia, know how to determine their basic parameters, and understand the optical principle of their correction by a spectacle lens
- be able to determine the size of the retinal image and other optical characteristics for corrected refractive errors of the eye - understand the meaning of axial refraction
Syllabus
  • 1. Fundamentals of geometric optics for spectacle optics (sign convention, beam vergence, imaging by a spherical surface, vertex power, Gaussian thin lens formula, imaging by a system of spherical surfaces in paraxial approximation, cardinal points and planes of the optical system and their position, graphical construction and tabular calculation of the image).
  • 2. Eye models, Gullstrand's schematic eye (description and calculation of the optical system of the cornea, lens, and of the total system of the model eye in paraxial approximation, basic parameters, and positions of the cardinal points), real values ​​of the optical parameters of the eye, alternative eye models.
  • 3. Optical elements of the eye, visual acuity and optotypes (overview, significant axes, retina, photoreceptors, photopic and scotopic vision, size of the retinal image, resolving power of the eye, definition of visual acuity, visual acuity dependence on age, optotypes and their basic parameters, Snellen optotype board, scaling of optotype size, LogMAR and VAR scales, ETDRS and cRLM tables, general requirements for optotypes, angular and coincidence visual acuity)
  • 4. Emetropic, myopic, and hypermetropic eye (far point, near point, ocular refraction, accommodation interval, accommodation amplitude, their specific expression for individual ametropias, principle of correction of ametropia).
  • 5. Myopic eye (classification of myopia, etiology and symptoms of myopia, myopia correction, conversion of the vertex power according to the spectacle lens position, the size of the image on the retina).
  • 6. Hypermetropic eye (classification of hypermetropia, etiology and symptoms of hypermetropia, hypermetropia correction, conversion of the vertex power according to the spectacle lens position, the size of the image on the retina).
  • 7. Aphakic eye (imaging by aphakic eye, correction of aphakia by spectacle lens, contact lens, intraocular lens).
  • 8. Nature of axial refraction in relation to the length of the eye and the optical system power (axial and refractive ametropia, emmetropic state of the eye, dependence of aniseikonia on the nature of axial refraction).
Literature
  • TUNNACLIFFE, A. H.: Introduction to Visual Optics (4th edition). ABDO College, Canterbury 2004.
  • BAŠTECKÝ, Richard. Praktická brýlová optika. Praha: R + H Optik, 1997, 83 s. info
  • Technický sborník oční optiky. Edited by Jaroslav Polášek. Praha: Oční optika, 1975, 579 s. info
Teaching methods
lecture, theoretical preparation and training, class discussion
Assessment methods
Two written tests, a passing score of 50% is required.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 30.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2000, Spring 2001, Spring 2002, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024.
  • Enrolment Statistics (spring 2025, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2025/BOBO0221p