ZLFA0621c Pharmacology I - practice

Faculty of Medicine
Spring 2009
Extent and Intensity
0/1/0. 2 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
MUDr. Jana Nováková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Jana Pistovčáková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. Mgr. MVDr. Leoš Landa, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Mgr. Karel Šlais, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MVDr. Dagmar Vršková, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Jana Rudá, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. PharmDr. Ondřej Zendulka, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Mgr. Barbora Říhová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Alena Máchalová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Renata Bláblová (assistant)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.
Department of Pharmacology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: prof. MUDr. Alexandra Šulcová, CSc.
Timetable of Seminar Groups
ZLFA0621c/21: Mon 27. 4. to Fri 1. 5. each working day 7:30–10:00 N03206/206
ZLFA0621c/22: Mon 13. 4. to Fri 17. 4. each working day 7:30–10:00 N03206/206
ZLFA0621c/23: Mon 4. 5. to Fri 8. 5. each working day 7:30–10:00 N03206/206
Prerequisites (in Czech)
ZLPA0521c Pathology I - practice && ZLPF0521c Pathological Physiology I - practice && ZLCP051c Clinical Introduction to Surgery - practice
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Abstract
On completion of the course the student will be able to use formally correct terminology belonging to the valid Pharmacopoea in prescription and making of drug dosage forms of both individually prepared and bulk preparations. The student should be able to understand principles of "pharmacological thinking" for choosing a drug, dosing regimen, pharmacokinetic parameter calculation, differences in administration routes and specifics of pediatric and geriatric pharmacotherapy including possible impact of drug-drug interactions.
Key topics
  • PROGRAMME OF THE PRACTICALS and SEMINARS ON PHARMACOLOGY - Spring semester.
  • /1/
  • INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF PHARMACOLOGY Contents and organisation of practical courses. Pharmacological calculations. Latin terminology used in prescription of drugs. Pharmacopoea. Drug prescriptions: Elements of the drug prescription. Prescription of individual and manufactured preparations.
  • /2/
  • SOLID DRUG DOSAGE FORMS. Powders for external and internal use, capsules, tablets, teas - composition, prescription. SOFT AND MELTING DRUG DOSAGE FORMS. Suppositories, ointments, pastes, plasters - composition and prescription.
  • /3/
  • FLUID DRUG DOSAGE FORMS FOR THE EXTERNAL USE. Application and rinse solutions; eye, ear and nose lotions, suspensions - composition and prescription. Pharmacokinetic processes and parameters. Therapeutic drug monitoring. The use of computer techiques in pharmacokinetics. Practical computations of basic pharmacokinetic parameters.
  • /4/
  • Pharmacology of peripheral nervous system - introduction, terminology, adrenergic and cholinergic receptors, possibilities of pharmacological interventions. Pharmacology of autonomic nervous system. Receptors of sympathetic system and their pharmacological influence, agonists, antagonists.
  • /5/
  • Pharmacology of autonomic nervous system. Receptors of parasympathetic system and their pharmacological influence, agonists, antagonists. Multiple-choice final TEST. Credit.
Study resources and literature
  • LINCOVÁ, Dagmar and Hassan FARGHALI. Základní a aplikovaná farmakologie. 2., dopl. a přeprac. vyd. Praha: Galén, 2007, xxiv, 672. ISBN 9788072623730. info
  • ŠULCOVÁ, Alexandra. Poznámky k přednáškám z farmakologie. 1. vyd. Brno: Masarykova univerzita, 1993, 97 s. ISBN 80-210-0640-4. info
  • ZELENKOVÁ, Olga and Alexandra ŠULCOVÁ. Speciální stomatologická receptura pro praktická cvičení z farmakologie (Special stomatological prescriptions for practicals in pharmacology). 2. přepracované vydání. Brno: Masarykova univerzita v Brně, 2000, 30 pp. ISBN 80-210-2433-X. info
  • http://portal.med.muni.cz/clanek-461-farmakovigilance-a-propagace-leciv.html
  • DOSTÁLEK, Miroslav; Jan JUŘICA; Eva JANOŠTÍKOVÁ and Lucia ZAHRADNÍKOVÁ. Farmakokinetika (Pharmacokinetics). ČR: Grada, 2006, 220 pp. Farmacie a farmakologie. ISBN 80-247-1464-7. info
  • http://portal.med.muni.cz/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=367
  • https://is.muni.cz/auth/el/1411/podzim2008/ZLFA0722p/um/Zasady_antibioticke_ lecby.pdf?fakulta=1411;obdobi=4343;kod=ZLFA0722p
  • RANG, H. P. Rang and Dale's pharmacology. 6th ed. [S.l.]: Churchill Livingstone, 2007, xiii, 829. ISBN 9780443069116. info
  • Ritter, James M. - Lewis, Lionel D. - Mant, Timothy G.K. - Ferro, Albert. A Textbook of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 5th Ed., Hodder Arnold, 2008. 465 s. ISBN 978-0-340-90046-8
  • Pharmaceutical Practice, 3rd Ed. Winfield, A.J. & Richards, R.M.E., eds. Churchill Livingstone, 2004, ISBN 0443 07206 X
  • HOWLAND, Richard D. and Mary Julia MYCEK. Pharmacology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006, vii, 552. ISBN 0781741181. info
  • https://is.muni.cz/auth/el/1411/jaro2009/VLFA0621c/um/Practicals_in_Pharmacology_ENGL.pdf?fakulta=1411;obdobi=4504;kod=VLFA0621c
Approaches, practices, and methods used in teaching
Practicals, the teaching process of include theoretical setting up as well as practical training of knowledge and skills stated in Syllabus. Included are also individual work with specific pharmacological softwares and homeworks on the selected topics, presented and discussed afterward in class.
Method of verifying learning outcomes and course completion requirements
The participation in practicals is obligatory and registered. To get credits a student has to pass the multiple-choice test on knowledge of topics taught. More than half correctly answered questions (usually from 20) are required.
Language of instruction
Czech
Teacher's information
Úřední hodiny sekretariátu Farmakologického ústavu, Tomešova 12:
denně 13.00 - 14.00 hod, tel.: 05-4949 3070.

Literatura základní: 1, 2, 3. Literatura doplňková: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. Literatura pro studující v angličtině: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

Výuka probíhá dvousemestrálně, formou přednášek a cvičení, účast v praktických cvičeních je povinná.
Při opakování předmětu je nutné absolvovat výuku v plném předepsaném rozsahu.
V jarnim semestru je předmět ukončen zápočtem. Ukončení v podzimním semestru - rigorózní zkouška složená ze 2 částí: I. praktická část - preskripce léků, II. teoretická část - multivýběrový test.

SYLABUS POŽADOVANÉ LÁTKY KE ZKOUŠCE Z FARMAKOLOGIE
Obecná farmakologie
Definice, Pharmacopoea, léková preskripce.
Způsoby aplikace léků, absorpce, distribuce, biotransformace, exkrece, základy farmakokinetiky.
Farmakodynamika, specifické a nespecifické mechanismy účinků léků, receptorová teorie účinků léků, vztah dávka-účinek a koncentrace-účinek, racionální a neracionální lékové kombinace.
Farmakogenetika.
Nežádoucí účinky léků, toxické vedlejší účinky, alergické reakce, sekundární vedlejší účinky, látková závislost.
Lékové interakce, farmakodynamické interakce, farmakokinetické interakce, interakce mezi složkami potravy a léky.
Vývoj nového léku, klinické pokusy.
Obecné zásady terapie otrav.
Speciální farmakologie
Psychoaktivní látky, neuroleptika, antidepresiva, trankvilizéry, psychostimulancia, nootropika, psychotomimetika, hypnosedativa, anorektika.
Analgetika. Opioidy, nenarkotická analgetika. Nesteroidní antiflogistika.
Celková a lokální anestetika.
Myorelaxancia. Antikonvulsiva, antiepileptika.
Antiparkinsonika. Antiemetika.
Ganglioplegika.
Léky ovlivňující sympatický nervový systém, přímá a nepřímá sympatomimetika, selektivní a neselektivní antagonisti adrenergních receptorů, sympatolytika.
Látky ovlivňující parasympatický nervový systém, přímá a nepřímá cholinergika, parasymaptolytika.
Hormony hypothalamu, hypofýzy, štítné žlázy, antithyreoidální látky, insulin, perorální antidiabetika, antihypoglykemika, glukokortikoidy, mineralokortikoidy, estrogeny, antiestrogeny, progestiny, hormonální antikoncepce, androgeny, antiandrogeny, anabolika, ikosanoidy, tokolytika.
Histamin, H1, H2 antihistaminika.
Krevní náhrady, hemostatika, antikoagulancia.
Hypolipidemika.
Kardiotonika, antiarytmika, antianginosní látky, antihypertensiva, diuretika, antidiuretika.
Antiastmatika, antitusika, expektorancia.
Acida a digestiva, antacida, látky snižující motilitu GIT, prokinetika, laxancia, choleretika a cholekinetika.
Kontrastní látky.
Vitamíny.
Antiinfekční látky, antibiotika, antituberkulotika, antimykotika, antimalarika, sulfonamidy, chemoterapeutika.
Imunomodulancia, imunosupresiva.
Chemoterapeutika nádorových onemocnění, blokátory mitosy, alkylační činidla, antimetabolity, ostatní cytostatika, antibiotika, hormony, radioaktivní isotopy.



During the studying the student has to prove active knowledge of pharmacology acquired to get the credit. The student has to pass the Latin test, the prescription test and the revision multiple-choice test.

EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS DEALING WITH DRUG PRESCRIPTION Prescribe: Liquid powder against itching Narrow-spectrum penicillin (ready-made) Prescribe: Iodine solution in alcohol for wound dressing Aminoglycoside preparation (ready-made) Prescribe: Local anaesthetic for topical application on mucosal surface in ORL Oral analgesic preparation containing paracetamol (ready-made) Prescribe: Solution of diluted hydrogen peroxide Spasmolytic drug (ready-made) Prescribe: Dusting powder (without the active component) Non-barbiturate hypnotic drug (ready-made) Prescribe: Disinfectant eye drops with adstringent effect Drug for treatment of hypertension (ready-made) Prescribe: Jarisch solution for the foments Antirheumatic agent (ready-made) Prescribe: Local anaesthetic for corneal anaesthesia Antiemetic drug (ready-made) Prescribe: I. v. infusion of 5% glucose solution - 1000 ml Antitussive agent (ready-made) Prescribe: Codeine in drops (p.o.) Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made) Prescribe: Expectorant with bronchodilator component Chemotherapeutic preparation against urinary infections (ready-made) Prescribe: Solution of diluted hydrogen peroxide Ointment with corticosteroid (ready-made) Prescribe: Disinfectant eye drops with adstringent effect Anti-inflamatory oral preparation (ready-made) Prescribe: A cough suppressant (opioid derivate) in capsules Proton pump inhibitor for treatment of peptic ulcer (ready-made) Prescribe: Morphine for oral administration Non-salicylate antipyretic preparation (ready-made) Prescribe: Ant-tussive/expectorant mixture Short-acting benzodiazepine hypnotic (ready-made) Prescribe: Oral drops with atropine Antibiotic ointment (ready-made) Prescribe: Salicylic acid ointment (3%) Cardiac glycoside in injections (ready-made)


EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON GENERAL PHARMACOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES Abnormal reaction to a drug Abnormal responses to drugs Absorption and distribution of drugs Adverse drug effects Antagonism in drug effects Basic pharmacokinetic processes Biopharmaceutical drug interactions Classification of receptors Competitive dualism (partial agonism) Dependence of drug effect on a route of administration Development of a new drug Drug addiction Drug allergy Drug delivery approaches Drug elimination half-life; rate constant Drug excretion Drug interactions with serum proteins Drug metabolism Drug-receptor interactions Effects of age on drug effects Enteral administration of drugs Enzyme induction and inhibition Excretion of drugs General principles of pharmacokinetics Kinetics of drug oral administration Non-specific mechanisms of drug effects Parenteral drug administration Parenteral routs of administration: characteristics; demands on injected solutions Pharmacodynamic drug interactions Pharmacogenetics Pharmacokinetic drug interactions Pharmacokinetic processes determining serum drug concentration Pharmacological mechanisms of drug effects Pharmacopoea Pharmadynamic drug interactions Possible mechanisms of synergistic drug effects Principles of the "Good Clinical Practice" Receptor-mediated drug effects Regulation of drug development Sites of drug binding in the organism Synergistic and antagonistic drug/drug interactions Synerism in drug effects Targets for drug action The management of poisoning Therapeutic ratio Type of drug effect changes after its repeated administration Types of drug doses EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS ON "DRUG CLASSES" ACE-inhibitors Adrenomimetic agents Alpha-sympatolytics Aminoglycosides Antacids Antianginal agents Anti-anxiety drugs Antibiotics against gram-negative bacteria Anticoagulants Antidepressants Antidiabetics Antidysrhytmic drugs I. Antidysrhytmic drugs II., III., IV. Antiemetics Antiepileptic drugs Antifungal drugs Antihypertensive drugs Anti-inflammatory drugs Antipsychotics Anti-rheumatic drugs Antiviral drugs Beta-blockers Calcium channel blockers Cancer chemotherapetics Central nervous system stimulants Disinfectants and antiseptics Diuretics Drugs to treat anemia Folic acid and vitamin B12 Ganglionic blockers General anesthetics for IV (IM) administration Histamine H1-receptor blockers Hypno-sedatives Cholinergic drugs Inotropic drugs Lipid-lowering drugs Local anesthetics Neuromuscular blocking drugs Non-narcotic analgesics Non-steroidal anti-inflamatory agents Opioid analgesics Parasympathomimetics Pharmacotherapy of asthma bronchiale Pharmacotherapy of myocardial infarction Pharmacotherapy of Parkinson`s Pharmacotherapy of peptic ulcers Spasmolytic agents for systemic administration Sulphonamides Tetracyclines Vasodilators Vitamines


QUESTIONS "ON DETAILED KNOWLEDGE" from the "13th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines" acetazolamide acetylcysteine acetylsalicylic acid aciclovir alcuronium allopurinol aluminium hydroxide amikacin amoxycilline amphetamine amplodipine amiloride aminophylline aminosalicylic acid (p-aminosalicylic acid) amitriptyline amoxicillin amoxicillin + clavulanic acid amphotericin B ampicillin antihaemorrhoidal medicine - local anaesthetic, astringent and anti-inflammatory medicine ascorbic acid asparaginase atenolol atropine azathioprine azithromycin beclometasone benzathine benzylpenicillin benznidazole benzoic acid + salicylic acid benzylpenicillin betamethasone bezafibrate biperiden bleomycin bupivacaine calcium gluconate capreomycin carbamazepine ceftazidime ceftriaxone charcoal, activated chlorambucil chloramphenicol chlorhexidine chloroquine chlorpromazine cholestyramine, colestipol ciclosporin ciprofloxacin cisplatin clindamycin clomifene clomipramine clonazepam cloxacillin codeine colchicine cromoglicic acid cyclophosphamide cycloserine cyclosporin cytarabine dacarbazine dactinomycin daunorubicin deferoxamine dexamethasone dextran 70 diazepam digoxine dimercaprol dobutamine dopamine doxorubicin doxycycline efavirenz (EFV or EFZ) enalapril ephedrine epinephrine (adrenaline) ergocalciferol ergometrine ergotamine erythromycin ethambutol ethanol ether, anaesthetic ethinylestradiol ethosuximide etoposide factor IX complex concentrate (coagulation factors, II, VII, IX, X)* factor VIII concentrate ferrous salt fluconazole flucytosine fluorouracil fluoxetine fluphenazine folic acid furosemide gentamicin glibenclamide glyceryl trinitrate griseofulvin gold compounds haloperidol halothane heparine hydralazine hydrochlorothiazide hydrocortisone hydroxocobalamin ibuprofen idoxuridine imipenem + cilastatin indinavir (IDV) insulin (intermediate-acting) insulin (soluble) iodine ipratropium bromide isoniazid isoprenaline isosorbide dinitrate kanamycin ketamine lamivudine (3TC) levamisole levodopa + carbidopa levofloxacin levothyroxine lidocaine lidocaine + epinephrine (adrenaline) lithium carbonate losartan ritonavir magnesium hydroxide magnesium sulfate mannitol maprotiline, mianserin mebendazole medroxyprogesterone acetate mercaptopurine metformin methadone methotrexate methyldopa methylrosanilinium chloride (gentian violet) methylthioninium chloride (methylene blue) metoclopramide metronidazole miconazole morphine nalidixic acid naloxone nelfinavir (NFV) neomycin + bacitracin neostigmine nevirapine (NVP) nicotine nifedipine nitrofurantoin nitric oxide nitrous oxide norethisterone nystatin ofloxacin omeprazole ondansetron oxytocin paracetamol penicillamine pentamidine phenobarbital phenoxymethylpenicillin phenytoin phytomenadione pilocarpine potassium chloride potassium iodide praziquantel prazosine prednisolone primaquine procainamide procaine benzylpenicillin procarbazine promethazine propranolol propylthiouracil protamine sulfate pyridostigmine pyridoxine quinidine quinine ranitidine retinol riboflavin rifampicin ritonavir ( r ) salbutamol salicylic acid saquinavir (SQV) silver nitrate sodium nitrite sodium nitroprusside spectinomycin spironolactone stavudine (d4T) streptokinase streptomycin sulfadiazine sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim sulfasalazine suxamethonium tacrine, donepezil tamoxifen testosterone tetracaine tetracycline theophylline thiamine thiopental timolol tolbutamide trimethoprim tropicamide tubocurarine urea valproate vancomycin vecuronium verapamil vinblastine vincristine vitamin D warfarin zidovudine
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
Listed among pre-requisites of other courses

Zobrazit další předměty

The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2012, Spring 2013, Spring 2014, Spring 2015, Spring 2016, Spring 2017, Spring 2018, spring 2019, spring 2020, spring 2021, spring 2022, spring 2023, spring 2024, spring 2025, spring 2026, spring 2027.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2009, recent)
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