BKHI021 Histology

Faculty of Medicine
Spring 2012
Extent and Intensity
2/1/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: zk (examination).
Teacher(s)
prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc. (lecturer)
prof. MUDr. Drahomír Horký, DrSc. (lecturer)
doc. MUDr. Jitka Šťastná, CSc. (lecturer)
MUDr. Lenka Krejčířová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
MUDr. Irena Lauschová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
doc. MUDr. Miroslava Sedláčková, CSc. (seminar tutor)
doc. MUDr. Jitka Šťastná, CSc. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc.
Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Contact Person: prof. MUDr. RNDr. Svatopluk Čech, DrSc.
Supplier department: Department of Histology and Embryology – Theoretical Departments – Faculty of Medicine
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
Histology deals with microscopic structure of plant and animal organisms incl. the human body and involves cytology, general histology, and microscopic anatomy. Teaching has 2 foms: lectures and practicals. At the end of the course students according to their future professional orientation (physiotherapists or optometrists) should be able to: a) define basic terms and categories of the subject and apply used classification system in the praxis; b) describe and explain structure and function of animal cells on submicroscopic and molecular levels; c) describe and explain structural characteristics of epithels, connective and supporting tissues (incl. their function), muscle tissue including mechanism of muscle contraction and nerve tissue; d) identify basic tissues in histological slides (physiotherapists only); e) analyze the microscopic structure and function of main organs of systems related to professional orientation (physiotherapists - muscles, joints and ligaments, central and peripheral nervous system; optometrists - organ of vision, central and peripheral nervous system); f) understand existing close interrelations between structure and function of individual tissues and organs of the human body; g) operate and correctly use the light microscope for observation of histological entities and other biological objects.
Syllabus
  • Introduction. Histology - definition, classification and significance in the medicine. Methods of study of cells and tissues. Tissue processing for the light microscopy.
  • Cytology. The cell as a minimal unit of the living matter, overview of main cell components. Structure of biomembranes. The cell membrane aand cell surface. Intercellular juctions. The hyloplasm and cytoskeleton. Structure and function of cell organelles. Cell inclusions. Cell nucleus. Buněčné jádro. Cell cycle, cell division, and cell differentiation.
  • Tissues of the human body - definition, classification and general characteristics. Origin of tissues.
  • Epitelial tissue - definition, classification and function. A survey of covering and glandular epithelia. Respiratory, absorptive and sensory epithelia.
  • Connective and supporting tissues - their general characteristics and components: cells, fibres and ground substance. Origin of connective and supporting tissues. Types of connective tissue cells. Connective tissue proper and special connective tissue. Structure and function of cartilage. Bone tissue - general characteristics, types, chief distribution, and function. Development of bone tissue (ossification). Repair of cartilage and bone and histophysiology of bone.
  • Muscle tissue - classification, distribution and function. Smooth muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue. Skeletal muscle tissue. Myofibrils - their structure and molecular organization, the sarcomere. Mechanisms of the muscle contraction. Development and regeneration of muscle tissue.
  • Nerve tissue: definion, main components and its origin. Neurones - their structure and classification. Sheathes of nerve fibers. Synapses. Neuroglia. Conduction of nerve impulses. Central and peripheral nerve endings.
  • Composition of the human blood. Erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes: cytologic charakteristics and function. White blood cell count.
  • Structure and function of capillaries, classification of capillaries. Arteries and veins. Lymphatic vessels.
  • Skeletal junctions: synarthrosis and diarthrosis. Microscopic structure of muscles, their blood and nerve supply. Tendons. Auxiliary muscle structures.
  • Isocortex. Cyto- and myeloarchitecture of the isocortex. Structure of the cerebellum, synapses in the cerebellar cortes. Spinal medulla. Ependyma, chorioidal plexus , meninges. Ganglia and peripheral nerves.
  • Overview of microscopic structure of the eye. Layers of the eyeball - their morphology and function. Cornea and sclera. The uveal tract. Retina: organization of its photosensitive portion. Dioptric media of the eye. Eyelids. Lacrimal apparatus.
  • Overview of microscopic structure of skin and skin appendages.
Literature
  • ČECH, Svatopluk and Drahomír HORKÝ. Histologie a mikroskopická anatomie pro bakaláře (Histology and microscopical anatomy for bachelors). První. Brno: Vydavatelství MU, 2004, 137 pp. ISBN 80-210-2513-7. info
  • ČECH, Svatopluk, Drahomír HORKÝ, Irena LAUSCHOVÁ, Miroslava SEDLÁČKOVÁ and Jitka ŠŤASTNÁ. Histologická praktika a metody vyšetřování tkání a orgánů (Histological practicals and methods of investigation of tissues and organs). První. Brno: Vydavatelství MU Brno-Kraví hora, 1998, 162 pp. ISBN 80-210-1774-0. info
Teaching methods
lectures and practicals (course of microscopy)
Assessment methods
Students of optometry have only lectures, students of physiotherapy lectures and practicals. Subject is completed with oral exam in both specializations. Students are obliged to aswer 1 question of general histology and 1 question of microscopic anatomy.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
Teacher's information
http://www.med.muni.cz/histol/vyukac.htm
The course is also listed under the following terms Spring 2000, Spring 2001, Spring 2002, Spring 2003, Spring 2004, Spring 2005, Spring 2006, Spring 2007, Spring 2008, Spring 2009, Spring 2010, Spring 2011, Spring 2013.
  • Enrolment Statistics (Spring 2012, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.muni.cz/course/med/spring2012/BKHI021