aFAAS1_15 Applied Statistics

Farmaceutická fakulta
podzim 2025

Předmět se v období podzim 2025 nevypisuje.

Rozsah
2/2/0. 28p+28s. 4 kr. Ukončení: zk.
Vyučující
doc. RNDr. Bc. Jiří Pazourek, Ph.D. (přednášející)
Mgr. Sylvie Pavloková, Ph.D. (cvičící)
doc. RNDr. Bc. Jiří Pazourek, Ph.D. (cvičící)
Garance
doc. RNDr. Bc. Jiří Pazourek, Ph.D.
Ústav chemických léčiv – Ústavy – Farmaceutická fakulta
Omezení zápisu do předmětu
Předmět je určen pouze studentům mateřských oborů.
Mateřské obory/plány
Cíle předmětu
Statistical evaluation of results is essential part of all experimental scientific branches. The content of this subject is basic statistics for a graduate student of the study program "Pharmacy". Lessons concern mainly descriptive statistics, partially also the probability calculus and mathematical statistics with a direct relationship to real scientific tasks of experimental work (evaluation of experimental data, hypotheses formulation and testing). Practical exercises include introduction to PC´s hardware and software and utilization of spreadsheet programs (MS Excel, Gnumeric).
Výstupy z učení
After completing the course, the student will be able to:
- use a spreadsheet calculators (MS Excel)
- perform basic descriptive statistics
- select and perform basic statistical tests for one, two or more samples
Osnova
Content of the lecture Stochastic world. The effects of random on our data - the goal of statistics. Population and samples in statistics. Random experiment - random phenomenon - random variables, types of statistical variables. Observation and data collection. Frequency of random occurrence. Relative frequency of a random variable and probability. Frequency polygons and histograms. Compilation of tables from observations. Graphic presentation of experimental data: histograms, bar graphs, pie charts, xy-graphs (scatter graphs). Quantiles, box-and-whiskers plot_1. Data processing with spreadsheets: interpolation and extrapolation of functions, numerical integration of digital signal - chromatographic peak, determination of chromatographic peak area. Signal noise filtering. Probability and distribution function = DISTRIBUTION. Probability functions. Binomial distribution. Other types of distributions: uniform, Poisson distribution, Student's t-distribution. Gaussian normal distribution - properties. Empirical and theoretical distribution curve. chi2-distribution. Goodness-of-Fit Test (Pearson's Chi2-test, Goodness-of-Fit Test). Normality tests: Lilliefors (Kolmogorov-Smirnov) normality test; Q-Q chart. Descriptive statistics, descriptive characteristics of statistical samples. Estimation of basic set parameters - mean values ​​and measures of variability; median, mode. Mean and standard deviation. Rounding. SEM, Confidence interval. Elimination of outliers - outliers. Quartiles, box-and-whiskers plot_2 - inner fence method (Tukey) Grubbs test. Dean-Dixon Q-test. Inferential statistics - basics of statistical tests = distribution and hypotheses: HYPOTHESES in statistics, error of the first and second kind. Which test to use? 1-sample, paired, 2-sample tests. One-sided and two-sided test. Two-sample parametric tests for equality: Sign test. Wilcoxon test. Mann-Whitney U-test. Student's t-test. + Fisher's variance equality test. Multi-sample parametric tests: One-factor ANOVA - analysis of variances of multiple samples. Kruskal-Wallis test for multiple samples. Evaluation of the dependence of two quantitative features. Pivot Tables. Pearson's Chi-independence test. Four-field tables (2x2) - Fisher's exact test. Correlation and regression. Spearman's coefficient of order correlation. Linear regression dependence - Pearson correlation coefficient. Residuals. Regression ANOVA. Testing the significance of the regression dependence section. Quantitative analysis calculations: calibration curve method. Factors significantly influencing the experiment - The plan of experiments and its evaluation. Plackett-Burman experimental plan. Survival analysis. Clinical studies. Tests´ overview. Revision of key knowledge Exercise content: 1. Use of personal computers in scientific work. MS Office. 2. MS Excel spreadsheet. Table editing, basic calculations (formulas), filters. Simple graphs in   Excel + line vs. xy-graph. Analytical signal processing - chromatographic peak. Peak integration numerically. Assignment - numerical integration. 3. Descriptive statistics: processing of measurements using basic characteristics of statistical files - use of the mean value. Quantiles (arithmetic mean, median, mode, quartiles). Box chart. Histogram - Excel / Gnumeric.exe. MS Excel module Data analysis. Assignment - deciles/histogram. 4. descriptive statistics in MS Excel. MS Excel module Data analysis. Mean and standard deviation. Rounding. Elimination of outliers (Grubbs test, Q-test). Internal wall method - modified box graph. Confidence interval for continuous and categorical data. Assignment - confidence interval incl. remoteness test. 5. Inference statistics - H0 and H1. Goodness-of-fit test. Empirical distribution function (EDF). Normality testing: Q-Q graph, Kolmogorov-Smirnov (Lilliefors) test: Gnumeric.exe. Randomness testing - runs test. Assignment - EDF tests. 6. One-sample and two-sample tests. Testing of equality: sign test (paired nonparametric test). Wilcoxon's signed-rank test. Parametric alternatives: F-test (equality of variance), t-test of equality (unpaired and paired). Assignment - MW test. 7. Mann-Whitney U-test. Multiple-sample tests: One-factor ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test. Friedman's test. Assignment - ANOVA 8. four-field tables 2x2. (N-1) chi2 test Risk ratio, Fisher's exact test. Correlation analysis: large contingency tables, two-dimensional chi2 test. Assignment - Pivot Table. 9. Spearman's correlation coefficient. Construction of calibration curve by linear regression, regression ANOVA, Assignment - calibration graph, residuals. 10. Linear regression - test of significance of a section (MS Excel, other statistical programs). Assignment - regression with data transformation. 11. Survival analysis: censored data, construction of survival curve, determination of median survival. Revision. 12. Independent work in statistical data processing. Exam (written test)
Literatura
    doporučená literatura
  • ROWE, Philip. Essential statistics for the pharmaceutical sciences. Second edition. Chichester: Wiley, 2016, xx, 409. ISBN 9781118913390. info
  • BOLTON, Sanford a Charles BON. Pharmaceutical statistics : practical and clinical applications. 5th ed. New York: Informa Healthcare USA, 2010, xv, 656. ISBN 9781420074222. info
Výukové metody
Monologic (presentation, lecture, practical classes)
Metody hodnocení
written examination
Vyučovací jazyk
Angličtina
Informace učitele
https://moodlinka.ics.muni.cz/course/view.php?id=3507
Condition for passing the exam: absence in max. 1 seminar preparation of an assignment from each seminar Criteria for passing the exam: practical test (PC test) with a score of more than 50%
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