Biomechanical and Biochemical Effects of Trees in Soil Evolution and Memory in Temperate Old Growth Forests

ŠAMONIL, Pavel; Pavel DANĚK; Anna ROUSOVÁ a Jakub JAROŠ. Biomechanical and Biochemical Effects of Trees in Soil Evolution and Memory in Temperate Old Growth Forests. Online. In Balková, Marie; Kučera, Aleš; Samec, Pavel. Contemplating Earth: Soil and Landscape Considerations. Brno: Mendelova univerzita v Brně, 2020, s. 145. ISBN 978-80-7509-766-8.

Základní údaje

Originální název

Biomechanical and Biochemical Effects of Trees in Soil Evolution and Memory in Temperate Old Growth Forests

Název česky

Biomechanické a biochemické vlivy stromů v evoluci a paměti půd temperátních pralesů

Autoři

ŠAMONIL, Pavel; Pavel DANĚK; Anna ROUSOVÁ a Jakub JAROŠ

Vydání

Brno, Contemplating Earth: Soil and Landscape Considerations, s. 145-145, 2020

Nakladatel

Mendelova univerzita v Brně

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Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Stať ve sborníku

Obor

10611 Plant sciences, botany

Stát vydavatele

Česká republika

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Forma vydání

elektronická verze "online"

Odkazy

URL

Označené pro přenos do RIV

Ne

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

ISBN

978-80-7509-766-8

UT WoS

000654136600016

Klíčová slova anglicky

forest soil evolution; spatial pedocomplexity; tree-soil interaction; biogeomorphology; soil chemistry; Europe

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

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Anotace

V originále

The recent scientific studies have revealed a surprisingly significant influence of individual trees in the soil evolution and in the formation of spatial pedocomplexity of various forest ecosystems. In Central European natural forests, the pedogenetic and biogeomorphologic effects of trees have been neglected for a long time. We enlarged this knowledge by studying the evolution of soils on dated treethrows, by studying the soil properties under standing tree stumps and by studying the evolution of soils under decayed lying trunks. The individual studies originated mainly from the flysch region (Razula Reserve in the Beskydy Mountains), granite (Žofínský Primeval Forest Reserve in the Novohradské Mountains) and gneiss (Boubínský Primeval Forest Reserve in the Šumava Mountains). We were interested in (i) what the trajectory of the soil evolution under the direct influence of trees is compared to unaffected soils (including the proportion of convergent, divergent, chaotic and regressive components of pedogenesis), (ii) how long the traces of trees remain in the soil memory (iii) how the influence of individual trees is reflected in spatial pedocomplexity. The results demonstrated that the individual trees can effectively accelerate, decelerate or even redirect the trajectory of the development of mountain forest soils. Among the studied phenomena, the most significant ones were treethrows with their traces in the soil lasting for thousands of years. In treethrows, a surprisingly complex process combines the mechanical overlay of the material, the sedimentation and microclimatic specifics of the newly formed treethrow mound and treethrow pit area with the biochemical effects of a decomposing uprooted tree trunk and root system. The development of soils in treethrows as well as the development of soils under standing trees and decaying trunks was strongly dependent on the properties of the geological subsoil, and thus on regionally prevailing soil-forming processes (e.g. podzolization, clay formation and its illuviation, etc.). Although the soil development was frequently convergent (particularly within the biochemical effects of the trees), the manifestations of the alternative divergent or chaotic soil development were found out, as well. The progressive trajectory of the evolution dominated, the regressive direction of the development was documented rather sporadically. The outcomes suggest that trees can act as ecosystem engineers in forests and may effectively form ecological niches.