Gravity is one of the most important external signals in plant development which helps to organise the basic polarity of plant growth providing a reference for up vs down. This basic information has fundamental importance for the soil anchored roots and aboveground, light seeking shoots. Although the gravitropism (or earlier geotropism) was discovered more than hundred years ago, the complete mechanism is still unknown and research in this field remains highly relevant. This thesis aims to review the up to date knowledge in the field of plant gravitropism – mainly the mechanism of root gravity sensing and the early effects in signal creation and transduction.